NanoZymes: An Emerging Artificial Enzyme for Sensing, Biomedical Applications, Environmental Monitoring and Beyond

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2024) | Viewed by 5513

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Guest Editor
Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
Interests: biosensing; nanozymes; nanobiotechnology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

NanoZymes are inherent biocatalytic properties in certain nanomaterials and are considered a relatively new class of materials that can mimic the catalytic function of natural enzymes. The intrinsic benefits of NanoZymes over natural enzymes in terms of operational stability, inexpensiveness, and ability to modulate their activity make them ideal candidates for sensor applications, which otherwise typically require natural enzymes. So far, numerous metal, metal–oxide, metal–sulfide, carbon-based, and functional nanomaterials have been reported mainly for peroxidase-, oxidase-, catalase-, and superoxide dismutase-mimic NanoZyme activities. These nanozymes have been successfully employed for diverse applications ranging from biosensing to disease diagnostics, cancer therapy, imaging, and environmental monitoring, which were predominantly based on utilizing natural enzymes in the past.

Dr. Pabudi Weerathunge
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanozymes
  • artificial enzymes
  • functional nanomaterials
  • biosensing
  • cancer therapy
  • diseases diagnostic

Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 4752 KiB  
Article
Coordinating Etching Inspired Synthesis of Fe(OH)3 Nanocages as Mimetic Peroxidase for Fluorescent and Colorimetric Self-Tuning Detection of Ochratoxin A
by Hongshuai Zhu, Bingfeng Wang and Yingju Liu
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 665; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060665 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1251
Abstract
The development of multifunctional biomimetic nanozymes with high catalytic activity and sensitive response is rapidly advancing. The hollow nanostructures, including metal hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, and metallic oxides, possess excellent loading capacity and a high surface area-to-mass ratio. This characteristic allows for the exposure [...] Read more.
The development of multifunctional biomimetic nanozymes with high catalytic activity and sensitive response is rapidly advancing. The hollow nanostructures, including metal hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, and metallic oxides, possess excellent loading capacity and a high surface area-to-mass ratio. This characteristic allows for the exposure of more active sites and reaction channels, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity of nanozymes. In this work, based on the coordinating etching principle, a facile template-assisted strategy for synthesizing Fe(OH)3 nanocages by using Cu2O nanocubes as the precursors was proposed. The unique three-dimensional structure of Fe(OH)3 nanocages endows it with excellent catalytic activity. Herein, in the light of Fe(OH)3-induced biomimetic nanozyme catalyzed reactions, a self-tuning dual-mode fluorescence and colorimetric immunoassay was successfully constructed for ochratoxin A (OTA) detection. For the colorimetric signal, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) can be oxidized by Fe(OH)3 nanocages to form a color response that can be preliminarily identified by the human eye. For the fluorescence signal, the fluorescence intensity of 4-chloro-1-naphthol (4-CN) can be quantitatively quenched by the valence transition of Ferric ion in Fe(OH)3 nanocages. Due to the significant self-calibration, the performance of the self-tuning strategy for OTA detection was substantially enhanced. Under the optimized conditions, the developed dual-mode platform accomplishes a wide range of 1 ng/L to 5 μg/L with a detection limit of 0.68 ng/L (S/N = 3). This work not only develops a facile strategy for the synthesis of highly active peroxidase-like nanozyme but also achieves promising sensing platform for OTA detection in actual samples. Full article
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15 pages, 2881 KiB  
Article
Application of Au@Pt Nanozyme as Enhancing Label for the Sensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay of Okadaic Acid
by Olga D. Hendrickson, Elena A. Zvereva, Vasily G. Panferov, Olga N. Solopova, Anatoly V. Zherdev, Peter G. Sveshnikov and Boris B. Dzantiev
Biosensors 2022, 12(12), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121137 - 07 Dec 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3855
Abstract
In this study, a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed to detect okadaic acid (OA) belonging to the diarrheic shellfish poisoning group of aquatic toxins. Newly obtained anti-OA monoclonal antibodies and bimetallic core@shell Au@Pt nanoparticles were used in the indirect format of the [...] Read more.
In this study, a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed to detect okadaic acid (OA) belonging to the diarrheic shellfish poisoning group of aquatic toxins. Newly obtained anti-OA monoclonal antibodies and bimetallic core@shell Au@Pt nanoparticles were used in the indirect format of the LFIA. Peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme properties of Au@Pt enabled using them to enhance band coloration on the test strips and, consequently, for increasing the LFIA sensitivity. The instrumental limit of detection (LOD), the working range of detectable concentrations, and the visual cutoff of the assay were 0.5, 0.8–6.8, and 10 ng/mL, respectively. The assay duration was 20 min. The rapid and simple sample preparation procedure was applied for seawater, river water, and fish samples. The total duration of the sample pretreatment and LFIA was 25/40 min for water/fish samples, ensuring testing rapidity. The developed test system provides sensitive control of raw materials and food products and can be used to detect OA at all stages of the food industry «from sea to fork» chains. Full article
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