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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Pathophysiology and Treatment of Nephropathies
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Pathophysiology and Treatment of Nephropathies

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 4847

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristina Gluhovschi

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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: glomerular disease; clinical immunology; biomarkers; nephrotoxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our goal as nephrologists is to reduce the incidence and impact of kidney disease worldwide. To this end, it is of paramount importance that renal science and patient care are tailored to the unique and diverse needs of patients and clinicians worldwide. In order to better advance nephrology care, the underpinnings of the various pathophysiological processes leading to the wide array of nephropathies need to be better understood. A better mechanistic insight into the pathophysiological pathways underlying the various nephropathies encountered in clinical practice will allow the development of innovative treatments in the future and advance nephrology care.

This Special Issue will focus on basic and clinical research in aspects pertaining to pathophysiology and treatment of kidney disease.

Both original research articles and reviews on the science and practice of nephrology from the global nephrology community are welcome.

Dr. Cristina Gluhovschi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3085 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Investigation of Blood and Urinary Amino Acids and Derivatives in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease
by Maria Mogos, Carmen Socaciu, Andreea Iulia Socaciu, Adrian Vlad, Florica Gadalean, Flaviu Bob, Oana Milas, Octavian Marius Cretu, Anca Suteanu-Simulescu, Mihaela Glavan, Silvia Ienciu, Lavinia Balint, Dragos Catalin Jianu and Ligia Petrica
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1527; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061527 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease; however, few biomarkers of its early identification are available. The aim of the study was to assess new biomarkers in the early stages of DKD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) [...] Read more.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease; however, few biomarkers of its early identification are available. The aim of the study was to assess new biomarkers in the early stages of DKD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This cross-sectional pilot study performed an integrated metabolomic profiling of blood and urine in 90 patients with type 2 DM, classified into three subgroups according to albuminuria stage from P1 to P3 (30 normo-, 30 micro-, and 30 macroalbuminuric) and 20 healthy controls using high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-ESI* MS). From a large cohort of separated and identified molecules, 33 and 39 amino acids and derivatives from serum and urine, respectively, were selected for statistical analysis using Metaboanalyst 5.0. online software. The multivariate and univariate algorithms confirmed the relevance of some amino acids and derivatives as biomarkers that are responsible for the discrimination between healthy controls and DKD patients. Serum molecules such as tiglylglycine, methoxytryptophan, serotonin sulfate, 5-hydroxy lysine, taurine, kynurenic acid, and tyrosine were found to be more significant in the discrimination between group C and subgroups P1–P2–P3. In urine, o-phosphothreonine, aspartic acid, 5-hydroxy lysine, uric acid, methoxytryptophan, were among the most relevant metabolites in the discrimination between group C and DKD group, as well between subgroups P1–P2–P3. The identification of these potential biomarkers may indicate their involvement in the early DKD and 2DM progression, reflecting kidney injury at specific sites along the nephron, even in the early stages of DKD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Nephropathies)
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12 pages, 1257 KiB  
Article
Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: Risk Factors and Serum Biomarkers
by Anastasia Shchepalina, Natalia Chebotareva, Larissa Akulkina, Mikhail Brovko, Viktoria Sholomova, Tatiana Androsova, Yulia Korotchaeva, Diana Kalmykova, Elena Tanaschuk, Marina Taranova, Marina Lebedeva, Vladimir Beketov and Sergey Moiseev
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1246; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051246 - 23 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1378
Abstract
Background. AKI is one of the COVID-19 complications with high prognostic significance. In our research, we studied the prognostic role of several biomarkers that could help us understand AKI pathogenesis in patients with COVID-19. Methods. We evaluated the medical data of 500 patients [...] Read more.
Background. AKI is one of the COVID-19 complications with high prognostic significance. In our research, we studied the prognostic role of several biomarkers that could help us understand AKI pathogenesis in patients with COVID-19. Methods. We evaluated the medical data of 500 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Tareev Clinic from 5 October 2020 to 1 March 2022. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed with positive RNA PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs and/or typical radiological findings on CT scans. Kidney function was assessed in accordance with KDIGO criteria. In the selected 89 patients, we evaluated serum levels of angiopoetin-1, KIM-1, MAC, and neutrophil elastase 2 and their prognostic significance. Results. The incidence of AKI in our study was 38%. The main risk factors for kidney injury were male sex, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic kidney disease. High serum angiopoetin-1 levels and a decrease in blood lymphocyte count and fibrinogen level also increased the risk of AKI. Conclusions. AKI is an independent risk factor for death in patients with COVID-19. We propose the prognostic model of AKI development, which includes the combination of serum levels of angiopoetin-1 and KIM-1 on admission. Our model can help to prevent AKI development in patients with coronavirus disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Nephropathies)
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Review

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23 pages, 2245 KiB  
Review
Three Diseases Mediated by Different Immunopathologic Mechanisms—ANCA-Associated Vasculitis, Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease, and Immune Complex-Mediated Glomerulonephritis—A Common Clinical and Histopathologic Picture: Rapidly Progressive Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
by Cristina Gluhovschi, Florica Gadalean, Silvia Velciov, Mirabela Nistor and Ligia Petrica
Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 2978; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11112978 - 6 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1406
Abstract
Immune mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis (GN), with autoimmunity being the main underlying pathogenetic process of both primary and secondary GN. We present three autoimmune diseases mediated by different autoimmune mechanisms: glomerulonephritis in vasculitis mediated by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic [...] Read more.
Immune mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis (GN), with autoimmunity being the main underlying pathogenetic process of both primary and secondary GN. We present three autoimmune diseases mediated by different autoimmune mechanisms: glomerulonephritis in vasculitis mediated by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), glomerulonephritis mediated by anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies (anti-GBM antibodies), and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. Some of these diseases represent a common clinical and histopathologic scenario, namely rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis. This is a severe illness requiring complex therapy, with the main role being played by therapy aimed at targeting immune mechanisms. In the absence of immune therapy, the crescents, the characteristic histopathologic lesions of this common presentation, progress toward fibrosis, which is accompanied by end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The fact that three diseases mediated by different immunopathologic mechanisms have a common clinical and histopathologic picture reveals the complexity of the relationship between immunopathologic mechanisms and their clinical expression. Whereas most glomerular diseases progress by a slow process of sclerosis and fibrosis, the glomerular diseases accompanied by glomerular crescent formation can progress, if untreated, in a couple of months into whole-nephron glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis. The outcome of different immune processes in a common clinical and histopathologic phenotype reveals the complexity of the relationship of the kidney with the immune system. The aim of this review is to present different immune processes that lead to a common clinical and histopathologic phenotype, such as rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Nephropathies)
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