Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
8.8
7.0
Journals
Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II
share announcement

Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 13081

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ernesto Martínez-Martínez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Interests: biomarmarkers; cardiovascular fibrosis; obesity; metabolic disorders; cardiovascular disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Victoria Cachofeiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Interests: cardiovascular fibrosis; mitochondrial function; endoplasmic reticulum stress; cardiolipotoxicity; obesity; adipose tissue dysfunction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity is a serious public health challenge of the 21st century. The risk of a plethora of major diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and several common cancers is dramatically increased in obese patients. In recent years, it has been recognized that oxidative stress may be the mechanistic link between obesity and related complications since oxidative stress causes tissue damage through alterations of cellular structures. Overexpression of oxidative stress together with under-production of antioxidant defense could explain the prooxidant environment observed in obese subjects. In physiological conditions, mitochondria are the major source of intracellular reactive oxygen species production due to electron leakage along the respiratory chain; however, other sources could include plasma membrane systems, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytosolic enzymes.

We invite you to submit your latest research findings or review article to this Special Issue, which will bring together current research concerning oxidative stress in the context of obesity for acquiring a deeper understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that could provide novel therapeutic targets. This research can include both experimental as well as clinical studies relating to any of the following topics: the role of oxidative stress in obesity complications, the interaction between mitochondrial oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress or autophagy in these complications, the regulation of antioxidant defense in the context of obesity, and the effects of antioxidants in the complications associated with obesity.

We look forward to receiving your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
Prof. Dr. Victoria Cachofeiro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obesity
  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidant defence
  • mitochondria
  • autophagy
  • endoplasmic reticulum stress

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

18 pages, 2103 KiB  
Article
Impact of Bariatric Surgery on the Stability of the Genetic Material, Oxidation, and Repair of DNA and Telomere Lengths
by Franziska Ferk, Miroslav Mišík, Benjamin Ernst, Gerhard Prager, Christoph Bichler, Doris Mejri, Christopher Gerner, Andrea Bileck, Michael Kundi, Sabine Langie, Klaus Holzmann and Siegfried Knasmueller
Antioxidants 2023, 12(3), 760; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030760 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1721
Abstract
Obesity causes genetic instability, which plays a key-role in the etiology of cancer and aging. We investigated the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on DNA repair, oxidative DNA damage, telomere lengths, alterations of antioxidant enzymes and, selected proteins which reflect inflammation. The study [...] Read more.
Obesity causes genetic instability, which plays a key-role in the etiology of cancer and aging. We investigated the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on DNA repair, oxidative DNA damage, telomere lengths, alterations of antioxidant enzymes and, selected proteins which reflect inflammation. The study was realized with BS patients (n = 35). DNA damage, base oxidation, BER, and NER were measured before and 1 month and 6 months after surgery with the single-cell gel electrophoresis technique. SOD and GPx were quantified spectrophotometrically, malondealdehyde (MDA) was quantified by HPLC. Telomere lengths were determined with qPCR, and plasma proteome profiling was performed with high-resolution mass spectrophotometry. Six months after the operations, reduction of body weight by 27.5% was observed. DNA damage decreased after this period, this effect was paralleled by reduced formation of oxidized DNA bases, a decline in the MDA levels and of BER and NER, and an increase in the telomere lengths. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were not altered. Clear downregulation of certain proteins (CRP, SAA1) which reflect inflammation and cancer risks was observed. Our findings show that BS causes reduced oxidative damage of DNA bases, possibly as a consequence of reduction of inflammation and lipid peroxidation, and indicate that the surgery has beneficial long-term health effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 1426 KiB  
Article
Flowers of Allium cepa L. as Nutraceuticals: Phenolic Composition and Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Effects in Caenorhabditis elegans
by Cristina Moliner, Sonia Núñez, Guillermo Cásedas, Marta Sofía Valero, Maria Inês Dias, Lillian Barros, Víctor López and Carlota Gómez-Rincón
Antioxidants 2023, 12(3), 720; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030720 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1749
Abstract
Allium cepa L., commonly known as onion, is one of the most-consumed vegetables. The benefits of the intake of its bulb are well studied and are related to its high polyphenol content. The flowers of onions are also edible; however, there are no [...] Read more.
Allium cepa L., commonly known as onion, is one of the most-consumed vegetables. The benefits of the intake of its bulb are well studied and are related to its high polyphenol content. The flowers of onions are also edible; however, there are no studies about their biological properties. Our aim was to determine the polyphenolic profile and assess the antioxidant and anti-obesity capacity of an ethanolic extract from fresh flowers of A. cepa. The phenolic constituents were identified through LC-DAD-ESI/MSn. For the anti-obesity potential, the inhibitory activity against digestive enzymes was measured. Several in vitro assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant capacity. A Caenorhabditis elegans model was used to evaluate the effect of the extract on stress resistance and fat accumulation. For the first time, kaempferol and isorhamnetin glucosides were identified in the flowers. The extract reduced fat accumulation in the nematode and had a high lipase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity. Regarding the antioxidant activity, the extract increased the survival rate of C. elegans exposed to lethal oxidative stress. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were enhanced by the extract. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the antioxidant and anti-obesity activity of onion flowers and their potential use as functional foods and nutraceuticals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 3133 KiB  
Article
Protective Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids against Ang- II-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Brain Endothelial Cells: A Potential Role of Heme Oxygenase 2
by Modar Kassan, Youngin Kwon, Undral Munkhsaikhan, Amal M. Sahyoun, Tauheed Ishrat, María Galán, Alexis A. Gonzalez, Ammaar H. Abidi, Adam Kassan and Karima Ait-Aissa
Antioxidants 2023, 12(1), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12010160 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2357
Abstract
Objectives: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites released from the gut microbiota, are altered during hypertension and obesity. SCFAs play a beneficial role in the cardiovascular system. However, the effect of SCFAs on cerebrovascular endothelial cells is yet to be uncovered. In [...] Read more.
Objectives: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites released from the gut microbiota, are altered during hypertension and obesity. SCFAs play a beneficial role in the cardiovascular system. However, the effect of SCFAs on cerebrovascular endothelial cells is yet to be uncovered. In this study, we use brain endothelial cells to investigate the in vitro effect of SCFAs on heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) and mitochondrial function after angiotensin II (Ang-II) treatment. Methods: Brain human microvascular endothelial cells were treated with Ang-II (500 nM for 24 h) in the presence and absence of an SCFAs cocktail (1 μM; acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and/or HO-2 inhibitor (SnPP 5 μM). At the end of the treatment, HO-2, endothelial markers (p-eNOS and NO production), inflammatory markers (TNFα, NFκB-p50, and -p65), calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial ROS and H2O2, and mitochondrial respiration were determined in all groups of treated cells. Key Results: Our data showed that SCFAs rescued HO-2 after Ang-II treatment. Additionally, SCFAs rescued Ang-II-induced eNOS reduction and mitochondrial membrane potential impairment and mitochondrial respiration damage. On the other hand, SCFAs reduced Ang-II-induced inflammation, calcium dysregulation, mitochondrial ROS, and H2O2. All of the beneficial effects of SCFAs on endothelial cells and mitochondrial function occurred through HO-2. Conclusions: SCFAs treatment restored endothelial cells and mitochondrial function following Ang-II-induced oxidative stress. SCFAs exert these beneficial effects by acting on HO-2. Our results are opening the door for more studies to investigate the effect the of SCFAs/HO-2 axis on hypertension and obesity-induced cerebrovascular diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 2407 KiB  
Article
Catechin Bioavailability Following Consumption of a Green Tea Extract Confection Is Reduced in Obese Persons without Affecting Gut Microbial-Derived Valerolactones
by Geoffrey Y. Sasaki, Yael Vodovotz, Zhongtang Yu and Richard S. Bruno
Antioxidants 2022, 11(12), 2490; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122490 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2733
Abstract
Obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders are driven by inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis. Green tea catechins protect against cardiometabolic disorders by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prebiotic activities. However, whether obesity alters catechin bioavailability remains unknown. We hypothesized that obesity would decrease catechin bioavailability due to [...] Read more.
Obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders are driven by inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis. Green tea catechins protect against cardiometabolic disorders by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prebiotic activities. However, whether obesity alters catechin bioavailability remains unknown. We hypothesized that obesity would decrease catechin bioavailability due to altered gut microbiota composition. Obese and healthy persons completed a pharmacokinetics trial in which a confection formulated with green tea extract (GTE; 58% epigallocatechin gallate, 17% epigallocatechin, 8% epicatechin, 6% epicatechin gallate) was ingested before collecting plasma and urine at timed intervals for up to 24 h. Stool samples were collected prior to confection ingestion. Catechins and γ-valerolactones were assessed by LC-MS. Obesity reduced plasma area under the curve (AUC0-12h) by 24–27% and maximum plasma concentrations by 18–36% for all catechins. Plasma AUC0-12h for 5′-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone and 5′-(3′,4′,5′-trihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone, as well as total urinary elimination of all catechins and valerolactones, were unaffected. ⍺-Diversity in obese persons was lower, while Slackia was the only catechin-metabolizing bacteria that was altered by obesity. Ascorbic acid and diversity metrics were correlated with catechin/valerolactone bioavailability. These findings indicate that obesity reduces catechin bioavailability without affecting valerolactone generation, urinary catechin elimination, or substantially altered gut microbiota populations, suggesting a gut-level mechanism that limits catechin absorption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

21 pages, 1563 KiB  
Review
Current Status of Obesity: Protective Role of Catechins
by Tanisha Basu, Ashley Selman, Arubala P. Reddy and P. Hemachandra Reddy
Antioxidants 2023, 12(2), 474; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020474 - 13 Feb 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3693
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health concern in today’s society. Current estimates indicate that obesity occurs in both adults and young people. Recent research also found that the Hispanic population in the U.S. is 1.9 times more likely to be overweight as compared to [...] Read more.
Obesity is a growing health concern in today’s society. Current estimates indicate that obesity occurs in both adults and young people. Recent research also found that the Hispanic population in the U.S. is 1.9 times more likely to be overweight as compared to their non-Hispanic population. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that has a variety of causes. All current treatment options incorporate dietary changes aimed at establishing a negative energy balance. According to current scientific research, multiple factors are involved with the development of obesity, including genetic, biochemical, psychological, environmental, behavioral, and socio-demographic factors. The people who suffer from obesity are far more likely to suffer serious health problems, such as stroke, diabetes, lung disease, bone and joint disease, cancer, heart disease, neurological disorders, and poor mental health. Studies indicate that multiple cellular changes are implicated in the progression of obesity, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated microRNAs, inflammatory changes, hormonal deregulation, and others. This article highlights the role that oxidative stress plays in obesity and current obesity-prevention techniques with an emphasis on the impact of catechins to prevent and treat obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity-II)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-5
Back to TopTop