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Antioxidants
Special Issues
New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants
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New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Extraction and Industrial Applications of Antioxidants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 2958

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Naoya Kishikawa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
Interests: quinone redox cycle; antioxidant assay and imaging; fluorogenic reagent; chemisluminscence reagents; food analysis; chromatographic separation of antioxidants
Dr. Mahmoud El-Maghrabey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Interests: quinone redox cycle; antioxidant imaging; chemisluminscence reagents; food analysis; pharmaceutical analysis; analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers such as aldehydes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antioxidant substances have garnered significant attention due to their superior ability to prevent biological components from oxidizing and to protect the body against harmful and carcinogenic reactive oxygen species. Thus, antioxidants are essential for sustaining human health. Antioxidants were found to have a protective role against many diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. Currently, various natural foods are ingested due to their nutritional antioxidant value, and many dietary supplements containing antioxidants are on the market. Therefore, a simple and rapid method for the assay, evaluation, and even imaging of antioxidant capacity in food samples and biological specimens would be useful to assess the performance of dietary supplements in vitro and in vivo and discover new effective antioxidants in natural foods.

Currently, there are many reported antioxidant extraction and assays in the literature; however, they suffer from various drawbacks, including low sensitivity, bad selectivity, long analysis time, poor extraction efficiency, the use of complicated instruments, or the use of electrochemical sensors that are deactivated by complex matrices. Hence, new innovative methods for the extraction, assay, and imaging of antioxidants in food samples and biological specimens and cells that overcome the drawback of the methods in the literature are urgently needed.

This Special Issue, entitled “New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants”, seeks papers that focus on the development of new extraction, assay, and imaging techniques for antioxidants in food samples and biological specimens. Authors are invited to submit articles focused on new and efficient extraction techniques of antioxidants, simple and rapid antioxidant assays, and efficient and sensitive antioxidant imaging. Papers on the characterization and evaluation of natural antioxidants from different food sources and manuscripts that deal with the synthesis and evaluation of new antioxidants will also be very well received.

Dr. Naoya Kishikawa
Dr. Mahmoud El-Maghrabey
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antioxidant extraction
  • antioxidant assay
  • biological samples
  • oxidative stress status
  • nutritional value
  • food analysis
  • redox cycle
  • cell imaging

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1656 KiB  
Article
A Sustainable Extraction Approach of Phytochemicals from Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit Cultivars Using Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent: A Comprehensive Study on Bioactivity and Phenolic Variability
by Ouarda Djaoudene, Mostapha Bachir-Bey, Connie Schisano, Sabrina Djebari, Gian Carlo Tenore and Anabela Romano
Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020181 - 31 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 761
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) on the extraction of phytochemicals from eight Algerian date fruit cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In this study, lactic acid/sucrose-based NADESs were used as an alternative to conventional chemical [...] Read more.
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) on the extraction of phytochemicals from eight Algerian date fruit cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In this study, lactic acid/sucrose-based NADESs were used as an alternative to conventional chemical solvents using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method. The obtained extracts were assessed for the determination of bioactive compound contents, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibitory potential. The results showed a considerable variation in phytochemical compositions and related activities between cultivars, where the greatest contents of total phenolics (1288.7 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoids (53.8 mg QE/100 g), proanthocyanidins (179.5 mg CE/g), and total triterpenoids (12.88 mg OAE/100 g) were detected in the fruits of the Ourous cultivar. The same cultivar displayed the highest antioxidant capacity against DPPH• free radical (595 mg AAE/100 g), ABTS•+ cation radical (839 mg TE/100 g), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (704 mg AAE/100 g). All extracts manifested moderate antioxidant activities tested by phosphomolybdenum, NO•, and linoleic acid lipid peroxidation assays. These extracts also exhibited interesting levels of in vitro enzyme inhibition; the Ourous cultivar gave the best inhibitory activity against α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase with 45 and 37%, respectively. HPLC-DAD-MS detected a total of five compounds, with phenolic acids and flavonoids being the main phenolics identified in the extract. The phenolic composition exhibited significant variability among cultivars. Notably, the highest amounts were revealed in the Tazizaout cultivar, with the predominance of gallic acid. The results confirmed that the combination of UAE and NADESs provides a novel and important alternative to chemical solvents for sustainable and environmentally friendly extraction and can represent a good alternative in food and pharmaceutical industry applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants)
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23 pages, 3891 KiB  
Article
Impact of Sodium Silicate Supplemented, IR-Treated Panax Ginseng on Extraction Optimization for Enhanced Anti-Tyrosinase and Antioxidant Activity: A Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Approach
by Seda Nur Kabadayı, Nooruddin Bin Sadiq, Muhammad Hamayun, Nam-Il Park and Ho-Youn Kim
Antioxidants 2024, 13(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13010054 - 28 Dec 2023
Viewed by 868
Abstract
Ginseng has long been widely used for its therapeutic potential. In our current study, we investigated the impact of abiotic stress induced by infrared (IR) radiations and sodium silicate on the upregulation of antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase levels, as well as the total phenolic [...] Read more.
Ginseng has long been widely used for its therapeutic potential. In our current study, we investigated the impact of abiotic stress induced by infrared (IR) radiations and sodium silicate on the upregulation of antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase levels, as well as the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) variety Yeonpoong. The RSM-based design was used to optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction time (1–3 h) and temperature (40–60 °C) for better anti-tyrosinase activity and improved antioxidant potential. The optimal extraction results were obtained with a one-hour extraction time, at a temperature of 40 °C, and with a 1.0 mM sodium silicate treatment. We recorded maximum anti-tyrosinase (53.69%) and antioxidant (40.39%) activities when RSM conditions were kept at 875.2 mg GAE/100 g TPC, and 3219.58 mg catechin/100 g. When 1.0 mM sodium silicate was added to the media and extracted at 40 °C for 1 h, the highest total ginsenoside content (368.09 mg/g) was recorded, with variations in individual ginsenosides. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, and F2 were significantly affected by extraction temperature, while Rb2 and Rc were influenced by the sodium silicate concentration. Moreover, ginsenoside F2 increased with the sodium silicate treatment, while the Rg3-S content decreased. Interestingly, higher temperatures favored greater ginsenoside diversity while sodium silicate impacted PPD-type ginsenosides. It was observed that the actual experimental values closely matched the predicted values, and this agreement was statistically significant at a 95% confidence level. Our findings suggest that the application of IR irradiation in hydroponic systems can help to improve the quality of ginseng sprouts when supplemented with sodium silicate in hydroponic media. Optimized extraction conditions using ultrasonication can be helpful in improving antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants)
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20 pages, 1602 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Anthocyanin Extraction from Wine Lees: A Comprehensive Ultrasound-Assisted Optimization Study
by Marcelo A. Umsza-Guez, Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa, Nuria Chinchilla, María José Aliaño-González, Carolina Oliveira de Souza, Kodjovi Ayena, Gerardo Fernández Barbero, Miguel Palma and Ceferino Carrera
Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2074; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122074 - 05 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 912
Abstract
Wine lees, an important by-product of the wine industry, pose a major environmental problem due to the enormous quantities of solid–liquid waste that are discarded annually without defined applications. In this study, the optimization of a method based on a Box–Behnken design with [...] Read more.
Wine lees, an important by-product of the wine industry, pose a major environmental problem due to the enormous quantities of solid–liquid waste that are discarded annually without defined applications. In this study, the optimization of a method based on a Box–Behnken design with surface response has been carried out to obtain extracts with high anthocyanin content and potent antioxidant activity. Six variables have been considered: %EtOH, temperature, amplitude, cycle, pH, and ratio. The developed method exhibited important repeatability properties and intermediate precision, with less than 5% CV being achieved. Furthermore, these novel methods were successfully applied to diverse wine lees samples sourced from Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah varieties (Vitis vinifera), resulting in extracts enriched with significant anthocyanin content and noteworthy antioxidant activity. Additionally, this study evaluated the influence of grape variety, fermentation type (alcoholic or malolactic), and sample treatment on anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity, providing valuable insights for further research and application in various sectors. The potential applications of these high-quality extracts extend beyond the winemaking industry, holding promise for fields like medicine, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals, thus promoting a circular economy and mitigating environmental contamination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Techniques for Extraction, Assay, and Imaging of Antioxidants)
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