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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant
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Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Novel Antimicrobial Agents".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 20760

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lucia Recinella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine regulation; GHRH deficiency; feeding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sheila Leone

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine regulation; GHRH deficiency; feeding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Annalisa Chiavaroli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: food compounds; pharma-toxicological evaluation of herbal extracts and natural compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit original articles for publication in this Special Issue entitled "Antimicrobial activity of extracts from plant".

Novel antimicrobial agents are actually required to reduce toxicity and emerging microbial resistance related to conventional chemotherapeutic and antifungal drugs. 

Medicinal plants contain numerous bioactive secondary metabolites, including  flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which display antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

The goal of this Special Issue is the evaluation of antimicrobial activities on specific bacterial strains and fungi involved in chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases.  In addition, investigations into characterization of phytochemical and botanical properties related to tested extracts, cytotoxicity determination, mechanism of action, as well as pharmaco-toxicological evaluations are encouraged.


Dr. Lucia Recinella
Dr. Sheila Leone
Dr. Annalisa Chiavaroli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial activity
  • metabolomic fingerprint
  • bioinformatics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1597 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Thai Plant Extracts for Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities against Pathogenic Bacteria
by Dennapa Saeloh and Monton Visutthi
Antibiotics 2021, 10(12), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121470 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3164
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has impacted the outcome of current therapeutics as a threat to global healthcare; novel medicines are urgently needed. Thirteen medicinal plants were collected in Northeastern Thailand, and their crude ethanolic extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus [...] Read more.
The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has impacted the outcome of current therapeutics as a threat to global healthcare; novel medicines are urgently needed. Thirteen medicinal plants were collected in Northeastern Thailand, and their crude ethanolic extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC25922 using the broth micro-dilution method. Piper betle leaf ethanolic extract showed optimal activity against both representative bacterial strains. Activity was also observed against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and E. coli, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.31 mg/mL to 2.5 mg/mL and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from 0.62 mg/mL to 2.5 mg/mL. A time-kill study revealed that the extract activity was time- and dose-dependent, and also bactericidal on the tested bacteria. P. betle extract inhibited biofilm formation and promoted biofilm eradication in both S. aureus and E. coli. 4-Allyl-1,2-diacetoxybenzene and eugenol were identified as the most abundant compounds in the extract and may play major roles in the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity. Results suggest that ethanolic P. betle leaf extract shows promise as an alternative method for the prevention of bacterial diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
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12 pages, 1653 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Profiling and Biological Activities of Pleurotus columbinus Quél. Cultivated on Different Agri-Food Byproducts
by Paola Angelini, Roberto Maria Pellegrino, Bruno Tirillini, Giancarlo Angeles Flores, Husam B. R. Alabed, Federica Ianni, Francesca Blasi, Lina Cossignani, Roberto Venanzoni, Giustino Orlando, Luigi Menghini and Claudio Ferrante
Antibiotics 2021, 10(10), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101245 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2679
Abstract
The genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm (Pleurotaceae, Basidiomycota) comprises a cosmopolitan group of mushrooms highly appreciated for their nutritional value and health-promoting benefits. Despite there being many studies about the phytochemical composition of Pleurotus spp., there are very few reports dealing with the [...] Read more.
The genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm (Pleurotaceae, Basidiomycota) comprises a cosmopolitan group of mushrooms highly appreciated for their nutritional value and health-promoting benefits. Despite there being many studies about the phytochemical composition of Pleurotus spp., there are very few reports dealing with the phytochemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of P. columbinus Quél. In this study, a mass spectrometry ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC)-QTOF method, coupled with principal component analysis (PCA), was applied to the P. columbinus metabolome in order to investigate the influence of different agri-food residues as growth substrates for P. columbinus cultivation, on the bioactive chemical profile of fruiting bodies and evaluated their potential as antioxidants and antimicrobials. Additionally, a quantitative HPLC-DAD-MS analysis was conducted on phenolic and flavonoid compounds, that could explain, albeit partially, the observed biological effects of P. columbinus extracts. The qualitative metabolic profile identified 97 metabolites, whereas the quantitative HPLC-DAD-MS analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic and flavonoids, in the mushroom extracts, which also showed intrinsic scavenging/reducing and antimicrobial effects. The antibacterial effects were particularly evident against Escherichia coli, whereas Tricophyton and Aspergillus were the dermatophytes more sensitive to the mushroom extracts. The present study supports more in-depth investigations, aimed at evaluating the influence of growth substrate on P. columbinus antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The extracts from P. columbinus revealed valuable sources of primary and secondary metabolites, thus suggesting potential applications in the formulation of food supplements with biological properties, above all in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
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12 pages, 268 KiB  
Article
Growth Suppression of a Gingivitis and Skin Pathogen Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes by Medicinal Plant Extracts
by Hyoung-An Choi, Sang-Oh Ahn, Ho-Dong Lim and Geun-Joong Kim
Antibiotics 2021, 10(9), 1092; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091092 - 09 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2607
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes, newly reclassified as Cutibacterium acnes, is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium causing acne, found mainly on the skin. In addition, P. acnes is responsible for inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and blood vessels, consequently leading to various diseases in the [...] Read more.
Propionibacterium acnes, newly reclassified as Cutibacterium acnes, is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium causing acne, found mainly on the skin. In addition, P. acnes is responsible for inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and blood vessels, consequently leading to various diseases in the human body. In recent years, the evolution of microorganisms, such as P. acnes, that have become resistant to many commercial antibiotics due to the widespread use of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases has emerged as a major clinical problem. We here analyzed the potential use of 37 medicinal plant extracts as plausible candidates for treating P. acnes, in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidants scavenging and antimicrobial activity. Consequently, methanol extracts from 14 medicinal plants showed promising antimicrobial activities against P. acnes. In particular, as the extracts from Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. and Thuja orientalis L. exhibited distinct antimicrobial activities in both the broth dilution and disc diffusion assay, they could be effectively used as active ingredients for preventing or treating inflammatory periodontal diseases, such as periodontitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
18 pages, 1650 KiB  
Article
Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth
by Priscilla Augusta de Sousa Fernandes, Josefa Carolaine Pereira da Silva, Débora Lima Sales, Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro, Edy Sousa de Brito, Marta Regina Kerntopf, Gyllyandeson de Araújo Delmondes, Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade Pinheiro, Gerson Javier Torres Salazar, Francisco Lucas Alves Batista, Francisco Ernani Alves Magalhães, Maria Celeste Vega Gomez, Míriam Rolón, Cathia Coronel, Jaime Ribeiro-Filho, José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho and Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Bragaadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Antibiotics 2021, 10(9), 1074; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091074 - 05 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3027
Abstract
Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth (Euphorbiaceae), whose occurrence has already been registered in the most varied Brazilian biomes, is commonly found in the Chapada do Araripe, Ceará. The species is traditionally used to treat fungal, parasitic, and degenerative diseases. This study investigated the chemical composition [...] Read more.
Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth (Euphorbiaceae), whose occurrence has already been registered in the most varied Brazilian biomes, is commonly found in the Chapada do Araripe, Ceará. The species is traditionally used to treat fungal, parasitic, and degenerative diseases. This study investigated the chemical composition and pharmacological potential (antioxidant, antifungal, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic) of an aqueous extract obtained from the roots of C. heliotropiifolius. Following a qualitative phytochemical screening, the chemical constituents were identified by ultra-efficiency liquid chromatography coupled witha quadrupole/time-of-flight system (UPLC-QTOF). The antioxidant potential was verified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The direct and combined antifungal activity of the extract against opportunistic Candida strains was investigated using the microdilution method. The minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined by subculture, while the modulation of the morphological transition (fungal virulence) was evaluated by light microscopy. The in vitro antiparasitic activity was analyzed using epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum, while cytotoxicity was determined in cultures of mouse fibroblasts. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of acids, terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, and alkaloids. Among these constituents, the presence of polar and non-polar phenolic compounds with known antioxidant action was highlighted. While the extract showed clinically ineffective antifungal effects, it could enhance the effectiveness of fluconazole, in addition to inhibiting the morphological transition associated with increased virulence in Candida strains. Although the extract showed low cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, it also had weak antiparasitic effects. In conclusion, Croton heliotropiifolius is a source of natural products with antifungal and antioxidant potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
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18 pages, 3295 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Boswellia sacra Flueck. Oleoresin Extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis Periodontal Pathogen
by Nashwah G. M. Attallah, Walaa A. Negm, Engy Elekhnawy, Najla Altwaijry, Elshaymaa I. Elmongy, Thanaa A. El-Masry, Eman A. Alturki, Doaa A. Yousef and Malak Y. Shoukheba
Antibiotics 2021, 10(7), 859; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070859 - 15 Jul 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3472
Abstract
Boswellia sacra Flueck. oleoresin extract (frankincense) has traditionally been used in the treatment of different diseases, but there are no sufficient studies on its potential activity against periodontal pathogens. Therefore, antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of frankincense extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis clinical isolates were [...] Read more.
Boswellia sacra Flueck. oleoresin extract (frankincense) has traditionally been used in the treatment of different diseases, but there are no sufficient studies on its potential activity against periodontal pathogens. Therefore, antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of frankincense extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis clinical isolates were studied. The phytochemical composition of the volatile components of the extract was identified by GC-MS analysis revealing 49 compounds as trans-nerolidyl formate, cycloartenol acetate, ursenoic acid 3-oxomethyl ester, bisabolene epoxide, and kaur-16-ene. It decreased the growth and increased the leakage of nucleotides in 58.3% and 33.3% of isolates, respectively. Additionally, it reduced the extracellular polysaccharide production and the cell surface hydrophobicity in 41.67% and 50% of the isolates, respectively. Crystal violet assay revealed inhibition of biofilm formation by the tested isolates. Light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to examine the biofilms and they confirmed the reduction of biofilm formation by frankincense extract. Downregulation of the genes linked to biofilm formation (fimA, hagA, and hagB) was observed using qRT-PCR after treatment with the frankincense extract. This study suggested that the frankincense extract could exhibit antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against P. gingivalis isolates. Thus, the frankincense extract could be used as a treatment approach for periodontitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
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Review

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17 pages, 756 KiB  
Review
Antibiofilm Potential of Medicinal Plants against Candida spp. Oral Biofilms: A Review
by Rafaela Guimarães, Catarina Milho, Ângela Liberal, Jani Silva, Carmélia Fonseca, Ana Barbosa, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, Maria José Alves and Lillian Barros
Antibiotics 2021, 10(9), 1142; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091142 - 21 Sep 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4600
Abstract
The use of natural products to promote health is as old as human civilization. In recent years, the perception of natural products derived from plants as abundant sources of biologically active compounds has driven their exploitation towards the search for new chemical products [...] Read more.
The use of natural products to promote health is as old as human civilization. In recent years, the perception of natural products derived from plants as abundant sources of biologically active compounds has driven their exploitation towards the search for new chemical products that can lead to further pharmaceutical formulations. Candida fungi, being opportunistic pathogens, increase their virulence by acquiring resistance to conventional antimicrobials, triggering diseases, especially in immunosuppressed hosts. They are also pointed to as the main pathogens responsible for most fungal infections of the oral cavity. This increased resistance to conventional synthetic antimicrobials has driven the search for new molecules present in plant extracts, which have been widely explored as alternative agents in the prevention and treatment of infections. This review aims to provide a critical view and scope of the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of several medicinal plants, revealing species with inhibition/reduction effects on the biofilm formed by Candida spp. in the oral cavity. The most promising plant extracts in fighting oral biofilm, given their high capacity to reduce it to low concentrations were the essential oils extracted from Allium sativum L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plant)
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