Data-Driven Aerodynamic Modeling

A special issue of Aerospace (ISSN 2226-4310). This special issue belongs to the section "Aeronautics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 2204

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Team Leader Surrogates and Uncertainty Management, Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
Interests: data-driven modeling; aerodynamics; reduced-order modeling; machine learning; computational fluid dynamics; uncertainty management; numerical simulation; fluid–structure interaction; aeroelasticity; robust design; intrusive methods; data fusion

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Guest Editor
Head of C2A2S2E Department (Center for Computer Applications in AeroSpace Science and Engineering), Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
Interests: aerodynamics; computational fluid dynamics; multidisciplinary analysis and multidisciplinary optimization; shape optimization; uncertainties; robust design; machine learning; surrogate and reduced-order modeling; data fusion; physics-informed neural networks; expert systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Data-driven modeling in general and machine learning techniques in particular have transformed our everyday life over the past few years. In areas for which vast amounts of data are available, the aforementioned techniques have achieved remarkable success, especially when mathematical models are lacking. Instead, aerodynamic tools such as computational fluid dynamics solvers rely on first principles that directly enable us to describe and investigate system behavior. Numerical simulation tools derived from these principles have become invaluable in aircraft design and are about to significantly contribute to the green transformation of the aviation sector. However, such tools are far from perfect and suffer from several shortcomings, e.g., computational cost may become prohibitive once a large number of simulations are required, or there is the problem of deriving accurate and reliable turbulence models to describe small-scale turbulent flow behavior. Data-driven modeling is generally regarded as a promising approach to enhance and complement existing aerodynamic methods and tools to circumvent some of these shortcomings and to improve physical modeling. This Aerospace Special Issue covers recent advances in data-driven aerodynamic modeling including surrogate and reduced-order modeling; machine learning for aerodynamics; data fusion; uncertainty propagation and management; aerodynamic shape optimization, physics-informed neural networks, and data-driven turbulence modeling. The Guest Editors of this Special Issue invite authors to submit papers addressing topics in the aforementioned areas of data-driven modeling, with a special focus on aerodynamic applications. 

Dr. Philipp Bekemeyer
Prof. Dr. Stefan Görtz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 1815 KiB  
Article
A Python Toolbox for Data-Driven Aerodynamic Modeling Using Sparse Gaussian Processes
by Hugo Valayer, Nathalie Bartoli, Mauricio Castaño-Aguirre, Rémi Lafage, Thierry Lefebvre, Andrés F. López-Lopera and Sylvain Mouton
Aerospace 2024, 11(4), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11040260 - 27 Mar 2024
Viewed by 671
Abstract
In aerodynamics, characterizing the aerodynamic behavior of aircraft typically requires a large number of observation data points. Real experiments can generate thousands of data points with suitable accuracy, but they are time-consuming and resource-intensive. Consequently, conducting real experiments at new input configurations might [...] Read more.
In aerodynamics, characterizing the aerodynamic behavior of aircraft typically requires a large number of observation data points. Real experiments can generate thousands of data points with suitable accuracy, but they are time-consuming and resource-intensive. Consequently, conducting real experiments at new input configurations might be impractical. To address this challenge, data-driven surrogate models have emerged as a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative. They provide simplified mathematical representations that approximate the output of interest. Models based on Gaussian Processes (GPs) have gained popularity in aerodynamics due to their ability to provide accurate predictions and quantify uncertainty while maintaining tractable execution times. To handle large datasets, sparse approximations of GPs have been further investigated to reduce the computational complexity of exact inference. In this paper, we revisit and adapt two classic sparse methods for GPs to address the specific requirements frequently encountered in aerodynamic applications. We compare different strategies for choosing the inducing inputs, which significantly impact the complexity reduction. We formally integrate our implementations into the open-source Python toolbox SMT, enabling the use of sparse methods across the GP regression pipeline. We demonstrate the performance of our Sparse GP (SGP) developments in a comprehensive 1D analytic example as well as in a real wind tunnel application with thousands of training data points. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data-Driven Aerodynamic Modeling)
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18 pages, 15675 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Turbulence Model for Leading Edge Vortex Flows Preconditioned by a Hybrid Neural Network
by Moritz Zieher and Christian Breitsamter
Aerospace 2024, 11(3), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11030238 - 18 Mar 2024
Viewed by 796
Abstract
Eddy-viscosity-based turbulence models provide the most commonly used modeling approach for computational fluid dynamics simulations in the aerospace industry. These models are very accurate at a relatively low cost for many cases but lack accuracy in the case of highly rotational leading edge [...] Read more.
Eddy-viscosity-based turbulence models provide the most commonly used modeling approach for computational fluid dynamics simulations in the aerospace industry. These models are very accurate at a relatively low cost for many cases but lack accuracy in the case of highly rotational leading edge vortex flows for mid to low aspect-ratio wings. An enhanced adaptive turbulence model based on the one-equation Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model is fundamental to this work. This model employs several additional coefficients and source terms, specifically targeting vortex-dominated flow regions, where these coefficients can be calibrated by an optimization procedure based on experimental or high-fidelity numerical data. To extend the usability of the model from single or cluster-wise calibrated cases, this work presents a preconditioning approach of the turbulence model via a neural network. The neural network provides a case-unspecific calibration approach, enabling the use of the model for many known or unknown cases. This extension enables aircraft design teams to perform low-cost Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations with increased accuracy instead of complex and costly high-fidelity simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data-Driven Aerodynamic Modeling)
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