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Wearable Antennas
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Wearable Antennas

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 22648

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sima Noghanian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CommScope Ruckus Networks, 350 W Java Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA
Interests: microwave imaging; wearable and implanted antennas; MIMO and multi-antenna systems; wireless power transfer and computational electromagnetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the growth of wearable technology, many wireless devices are being developed for applications such as biomedical health monitoring systems, body area networks, wireless sports monitoring, and Internet of Things sensors. Over the past decade, research effort has focused on finding better materials and fabrication technologies for wearable antennas. Antenna performance under wearing conditions such as stretching, crumpling, humidity, and the effects of the human body has been investigated.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to share their work on wearable antennas for wireless communication and wireless power transfer. We encourage submissions on areas related to:

  • Textile antennas;
  • Flexible microstrip and printed antennas;
  • 3D printed antennas;
  • Epidermal antennas;
  • Wearable antennas testing and measurements;
  • Wearable antennas fabrication technology;
  • On-body communication channel propagation modelling and measurement;
  • Origami wearable antennas;
  • Wearable antenna safety and regulations;
  • Wearable antennas for wireless power transfer; and
  • Connector design for wearable antennas.

Dr. Sima Noghanian
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • textile antennas
  • flexible antennas
  • wearable antennas
  • antenna fabrication
  • flexible 3D printed antennas
  • antenna and body interaction
  • flexible antenna measurements

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3582 KiB  
Article
Breathable Textile Rectangular Ring Microstrip Patch Antenna at 2.45 GHz for Wearable Applications
by Abdul Wahab Memon, Igor Lima de Paula, Benny Malengier, Simona Vasile, Patrick Van Torre and Lieva Van Langenhove
Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1635; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051635 - 26 Feb 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4597
Abstract
A textile patch antenna is an attractive package for wearable applications as it offers flexibility, less weight, easy integration into the garment and better comfort to the wearer. When it comes to wearability, above all, comfort comes ahead of the rest of the [...] Read more.
A textile patch antenna is an attractive package for wearable applications as it offers flexibility, less weight, easy integration into the garment and better comfort to the wearer. When it comes to wearability, above all, comfort comes ahead of the rest of the properties. The air permeability and the water vapor permeability of textiles are linked to the thermophysiological comfort of the wearer as they help to improve the breathability of textiles. This paper includes the construction of a breathable textile rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna with improved water vapor permeability. A selection of high air permeable conductive fabrics and 3-dimensional knitted spacer dielectric substrates was made to ensure better water vapor permeability of the breathable textile rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna. To further improve the water vapor permeability of the breathable textile rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna, a novel approach of inserting a large number of small-sized holes of 1 mm diameter in the conductive layers (the patch and the ground plane) of the antenna was adopted. Besides this, the insertion of a large number of small-sized holes improved the flexibility of the rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna. The result was a breathable perforated (with small-sized holes) textile rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna with the water vapor permeability as high as 5296.70 g/m2 per day, an air permeability as high as 510 mm/s, and with radiation gains being 4.2 dBi and 5.4 dBi in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively. The antenna was designed to resonate for the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band at a specific 2.45 GHz frequency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Antennas)
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10 pages, 5286 KiB  
Article
Wideband Epidermal Antenna for Medical Radiometry
by Germán León, Luis F. Herrán, Ignacio Mateos, Enrique Villa and Juan B. Ruiz-Alzola
Sensors 2020, 20(7), 1987; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071987 - 02 Apr 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2825
Abstract
Microwave thermometry is a noninvasive and passive technique for measuring internal body temperature. Wearable compact antennas, matched to the specific body area, are required for this method. We present a new epidermal wideband antenna for medical radiometry. The double asymmetric H-shaped slot antenna [...] Read more.
Microwave thermometry is a noninvasive and passive technique for measuring internal body temperature. Wearable compact antennas, matched to the specific body area, are required for this method. We present a new epidermal wideband antenna for medical radiometry. The double asymmetric H-shaped slot antenna was designed to be matched to different parts of the body without fat layers. The slots are fed by a short-circuited microstrip line in order to decrease size and back radiation, thus reducing potential interferences. In this way, contribution to radiometric temperature due to back radiation is lower than 4%, versus the 20% of the volume under investigation, over the whole operating frequency band. The designed prototype was manufactured on a flexible substrate. The antenna is a very small size, to make it comfortable and suitable for being used by patients with different body mass indexes. The double H-shaped antenna shows good wideband matching results from around 1.5 GHz up to 5 GHz, in different body locations such as the neck, foot instep and foot sole. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Antennas)
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10 pages, 5042 KiB  
Article
Study of Rotation and Bending Effects on a Flexible Hybrid Implanted Power Transfer and Wireless Antenna System
by Reem Shadid, Mohammad Haerinia and Sima Noghanian
Sensors 2020, 20(5), 1368; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20051368 - 02 Mar 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3775
Abstract
We present rotational misalignment and bending effects on a hybrid system to transfer power and data wirelessly for an implantable device. The proposed system consists of a high-frequency coil (13.56 MHz) to transfer power and an ultra-high frequency antenna (905 MHz) for data [...] Read more.
We present rotational misalignment and bending effects on a hybrid system to transfer power and data wirelessly for an implantable device. The proposed system consists of a high-frequency coil (13.56 MHz) to transfer power and an ultra-high frequency antenna (905 MHz) for data communication. The system performance and the transmitted power were studied under two misalignment conditions: (1) receiver rotation around itself with reference to the transmitter, and (2) bending of the implanted receiver under three different radii. Implanted receiver was printed on a flexible Kapton substrate and placed inside a layered body tissue model at a 30 mm depth. It is shown that the inductive link is stable under rotational misalignment and three bending conditions, whereas the communication data link is suitable to be used if the rotation angle is less than 75° or larger than 150°. The results show that the resonance frequency varies by 1.6%, 11.05%, and 6.62% for the bending radii of 120 mm, 80 mm, and 40 mm, respectively. Moreover, transmission efficiency varies by 4.3% for the bending radius of 120 mm. Decreasing the bending radius has more effects on antenna transmission efficiency that may cause severe losses in the communication link. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Antennas)
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Review

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26 pages, 9443 KiB  
Review
Liquid Metal Antennas: Materials, Fabrication and Applications
by Kashif Nisar Paracha, Arslan Dawood Butt, Ali S. Alghamdi, Suleiman Aliyu Babale and Ping Jack Soh
Sensors 2020, 20(1), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010177 - 28 Dec 2019
Cited by 60 | Viewed by 10612
Abstract
This work reviews design aspects of liquid metal antennas and their corresponding applications. In the age of modern wireless communication technologies, adaptability and versatility have become highly attractive features of any communication device. Compared to traditional conductors like copper, the flow property and [...] Read more.
This work reviews design aspects of liquid metal antennas and their corresponding applications. In the age of modern wireless communication technologies, adaptability and versatility have become highly attractive features of any communication device. Compared to traditional conductors like copper, the flow property and lack of elasticity limit of conductive fluids, makes them an ideal alternative for applications demanding mechanically flexible antennas. These fluidic properties also allow innovative antenna fabrication techniques like 3D printing, injecting, or spraying the conductive fluid on rigid/flexible substrates. Such fluids can also be easily manipulated to implement reconfigurability in liquid antennas using methods like micro pumping or electrochemically controlled capillary action as compared to traditional approaches like high-frequency switching. In this work, we discuss attributes of widely used conductive fluids, their novel patterning/fabrication techniques, and their corresponding state-of-the-art applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Antennas)
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