Micromachines Research and Development in North America

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 3775

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
CommScope Ruckus Networks, 350 W Java Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA
Interests: microwave imaging; wearable and implanted antennas; MIMO and multi-antenna systems; wireless power transfer and computational electromagnetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
Interests: electromagnetic modeling and optimization; bio-electromagnetics; biomedical imaging; antennas; mobile health

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Interests: antennas & propagation; RF engineering; UAV wireless communications; mm-waves; sensors; energy harvesting systems; biomedical engineering; vehicle and UAV wireless communications; navigation systems; telematics systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The objective of this Special Issue is to showcase the latest advances in micromachines and devices in the US and Canada, with the aim of highlighting cutting-edge research and exploring emerging trends in the field. The Special Issue welcomes reviews, original research articles, and communications in the field of micromachines, ultimately providing investigators from the US and Canada with an opportunity to present their exciting, novel research results.

The contributions to this Special Issue will highlight the current frontiers in the fields of micro-/nano-sciences, devices, and applications.

Dr. Sima Noghanian
Dr. Negar Ebadi
Dr. George Shaker
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antenna design and miniaturization
  • microwave sensors and circuit miniaturization and design
  • sensors and actuators
  • bioelectronics and biosensors
  • electromagnetic compatibility and interference
  • millimeter-wave and terahertz technology
  • metamaterials and advanced materials
  • fabrication and measurement techniques
  • applications in industrial automation, radar, security, agriculture, IoT, health monitoring, etc.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 11892 KiB  
Article
Scaling a Hydraulic Motor for Minimally Invasive Medical Devices
by Manjeera Vinnakota, Kishan Bellur, Sandra L. Starnes and Mark J. Schulz
Micromachines 2024, 15(1), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15010131 - 12 Jan 2024
Viewed by 685
Abstract
Aligned with the medical device industry’s trend of miniaturization, academic and commercial researchers are constantly attempting to reduce device sizes. Many applications require miniature actuators (2 mm range) to perform mechanical work; however, biocompatible micromotors are not readily available. To that end, a [...] Read more.
Aligned with the medical device industry’s trend of miniaturization, academic and commercial researchers are constantly attempting to reduce device sizes. Many applications require miniature actuators (2 mm range) to perform mechanical work; however, biocompatible micromotors are not readily available. To that end, a hydraulic motor-driven cutting module that aims to combine cutting and drug delivery is presented. The hydraulic motor prototype developed has an outside diameter (OD) of ~4 mm (twice the target size) and a 1 mm drive shaft to attach a cutter. Four different designs were explored and fabricated using additive manufacturing. The benchtop experimental data of the prototypes are presented herein. For the prototype motor with fluid inlet perpendicular to the blades, the average angular velocity was 10,593 RPM at a flowrate of 3.6 mL/s and 42,597 RPM at 10.1 mL/s. This design was numerically modeled using 3D-transient simulations in ANSYS CFX (version 2022 R2) to determine the performance characteristics and the internal resistance of the motor. Simplified mathematical models were also used to compute and compare the peak torque with the simulation estimates. The viability of current design represents a crucial milestone in scaling the hydraulic motor to a 2 mm OD to power a microcutter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micromachines Research and Development in North America)
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12 pages, 3619 KiB  
Article
A Synthetic Ultra-Wideband Transceiver for Millimeter-Wave Imaging Applications
by Amir Mirbeik, Laleh Najafizadeh and Negar Ebadi
Micromachines 2023, 14(11), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112031 - 31 Oct 2023
Viewed by 864
Abstract
In this work, we present a transceiver front-end in SiGe BiCMOS technology that can provide an ultra-wide bandwidth of 100 GHz at millimeter-wave frequencies. The front-end utilizes an innovative arrangement to efficiently distribute broadband-generated pulses and coherently combine received pulses with minimal loss. [...] Read more.
In this work, we present a transceiver front-end in SiGe BiCMOS technology that can provide an ultra-wide bandwidth of 100 GHz at millimeter-wave frequencies. The front-end utilizes an innovative arrangement to efficiently distribute broadband-generated pulses and coherently combine received pulses with minimal loss. This leads to the realization of a fully integrated ultra-high-resolution imaging chip for biomedical applications. We realized an ultra-wide imaging band-width of 100 GHz via the integration of two adjacent disjointed frequency sub-bands of 10–50 GHz and 50–110 GHz. The transceiver front-end is capable of both transmit (TX) and receive (RX) operations. This is a crucial component for a system that can be expanded by repeating a single unit cell in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The imaging elements were designed and fabricated in Global Foundry 130-nm SiGe 8XP process technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micromachines Research and Development in North America)
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16 pages, 7440 KiB  
Article
Tackling Multi-Physics Nano-Scale Phenomena in Capillary Force Lithography with Small Data by Hybrid Intelligence
by Ashish Chapagain and In Ho Cho
Micromachines 2023, 14(11), 1984; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14111984 - 26 Oct 2023
Viewed by 725
Abstract
The scientific community has been looking for novel approaches to develop nanostructures inspired by nature. However, due to the complicated processes involved, controlling the height of these nanostructures is challenging. Nanoscale capillary force lithography (CFL) is one way to use a photopolymer and [...] Read more.
The scientific community has been looking for novel approaches to develop nanostructures inspired by nature. However, due to the complicated processes involved, controlling the height of these nanostructures is challenging. Nanoscale capillary force lithography (CFL) is one way to use a photopolymer and alter its properties by exposing it to ultraviolet radiation. Nonetheless, the working mechanism of CFL is not fully understood due to a lack of enough information and first principles. One of these obscure behaviors is the sudden jump phenomenon—the sudden change in the height of the photopolymer depending on the UV exposure time and height of nano-grating (based on experimental data). This paper uses known physical principles alongside artificial intelligence to uncover the unknown physical principles responsible for the sudden jump phenomenon. The results showed promising results in identifying air diffusivity, dynamic viscosity, surface tension, and electric potential as the previously unknown physical principles that collectively explain the sudden jump phenomenon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micromachines Research and Development in North America)
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Review

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20 pages, 8450 KiB  
Review
Materials, Designs, and Implementations of Wearable Antennas and Circuits for Biomedical Applications: A Review
by Minye Yang, Zhilu Ye, Yichong Ren, Mohamed Farhat and Pai-Yen Chen
Micromachines 2024, 15(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15010026 - 22 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1136
Abstract
The intersection of biomedicine and radio frequency (RF) engineering has fundamentally transformed self-health monitoring by leveraging soft and wearable electronic devices. This paradigm shift presents a critical challenge, requiring these devices and systems to possess exceptional flexibility, biocompatibility, and functionality. To meet these [...] Read more.
The intersection of biomedicine and radio frequency (RF) engineering has fundamentally transformed self-health monitoring by leveraging soft and wearable electronic devices. This paradigm shift presents a critical challenge, requiring these devices and systems to possess exceptional flexibility, biocompatibility, and functionality. To meet these requirements, traditional electronic systems, such as sensors and antennas made from rigid and bulky materials, must be adapted through material science and schematic design. Notably, in recent years, extensive research efforts have focused on this field, and this review article will concentrate on recent advancements. We will explore the traditional/emerging materials for highly flexible and electrically efficient wearable electronics, followed by systematic designs for improved functionality and performance. Additionally, we will briefly overview several remarkable applications of wearable electronics in biomedical sensing. Finally, we provide an outlook on potential future directions in this developing area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micromachines Research and Development in North America)
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