Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
6.8
3.9
Journals
Sensors
Special Issues
IR-UWB Radar Sensors
sensors-logo
Submit to Sensors Review for Sensors Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

IR-UWB Radar Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Remote Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2020) | Viewed by 48455

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sung Ho Cho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Interests: applied signal processing; machine learning; radar computing; digital healthcare
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Emanuel Radoi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronics, University of Western Brittany, France
Interests: Waveform design and acquisition for IR-UWB transceivers, Sub-Nyquist sampling for UWB, Compressed sensing, and Cognitive radio
Dr. Faheem Khan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Interests: Radar signal processing, Computer vision, Estimation, Localization & tracking, and Gestures recognition
Prof. Dr. Lin Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 10 Xitucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: ultra-wideband bio-radar imaging and vital signal detection; network information processing and Internet of Vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar technology is a context-aware computing that recognizes an event by radiating a very narrow pulse-shaped signal and analyzing the reflections from objects or human body. The IR-UWB radar does not invoke privacy issue and cannot be affected by lighting conditions. There is no harmful effect on the human body as the emission power of the IR-UWB radar is extremely low.

Due to its various advantages over existing context-aware sensors and smart computing ability, the UWB radar has been getting more and more attention lately. It now shows huge potential in a wide variety of practical applications, such as safety & security, 2D/3D positioning & tracking, health monitoring, elderly care, smart home & smart building, smart vehicles, gesture recognition, radar imaging, see-through-wall, and so on. In particular, as the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely spread, the role of the UWB radar sensor is getting more crucial.

The main aim of the upcoming special issue “IR-UWB radar sensors” is to share innovative ideas and design experiences with each other in the IR-UWB radar sensor community. We welcome articles that present robust and innovative solutions to the challenging problems in the field of the IR-UWB radar sensors. We invite regular research articles as well as review papers and short papers that are related to but are not limited to the following topics:

  • Theories on IR-UWB radar
    • Survey/review papers
    • Radar signal processing
    • Machine learning for radar computing
    • Dynamic clutter removal
    • Waveform optimization, Pre-distortion and post-compensation
    • Sub-Nyquist sampling
    • UWB over Fiber
    • Radar array
    • Comparison of IR-UWB performances with other sensors such as Doppler/FMCW radar
  • Algorithms and applications of IR-UWB radar
    • Safety & security
    • 2D/3D positioning & tracking
    • Non-contact health monitoring, Elderly care
    • Smart home, Smart space, Smart buildings
    • Automotive
    • Gesture recognition
    • Radar imaging
    • See-through-wall radar
    • Ground penetration radar (GPR)
  • Hardware design
    • Hardware architecture
    • MIMO design
    • Implementation issues
    • Hardware for military and public safety use cases

The submitted manuscripts should be novel, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Prof. Sung Ho Cho
Prof. Emanuel Radoi
Dr. Faheem Khan
Prof. Lin Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • IR-UWB radar 
  • Radar signal processing 
  • Machine learning for radar computing
  • Radar array 
  • Safety & security 
  • 2D/3D positioning & tracking 
  • Non-contact health monitoring, Elderly care 
  • Smart home, Smart space, Smart buildings
  • Automotive 
  • Gesture recognition
  • Radar imaging
  • See-through-wall radar
  • Ground penetration radar (GPR) 
  • MIMO 
  • Hardware design

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

21 pages, 5639 KiB  
Article
IR-UWB Pulse Generation Using FPGA Scheme for through Obstacle Human Detection
by Lalida Tantiparimongkol and Pattarapong Phasukkit
Sensors 2020, 20(13), 3750; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20133750 - 04 Jul 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5006
Abstract
This research proposes a scheme of field programmable gate array (FPGA) to generate an impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) pulse. The FPGA scheme consists of three parts: digital clock manager, four-delay-paths stratagem, and edge combiner. The IR-UWB radar system is designed to detect human subjects [...] Read more.
This research proposes a scheme of field programmable gate array (FPGA) to generate an impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) pulse. The FPGA scheme consists of three parts: digital clock manager, four-delay-paths stratagem, and edge combiner. The IR-UWB radar system is designed to detect human subjects from their respiration underneath the rubble in the aftermath of an earthquake and to locate the human subjects based on range estimation. The proposed IR-UWB radar system is experimented with human subjects lying underneath layers of stacked clay bricks in supine and prone position. The results reveal that the IR-UWB radar system achieves a pulse duration of 540 ps with a bandwidth of 2.073 GHz (fractional bandwidth of 1.797). In addition, the IR-UWB technology can detect human subjects underneath the rubble from respiration and identify the location of human subjects by range estimation. The novelty of this research lies in the use of the FPGA scheme to achieve an IR-UWB pulse with a 2.073 GHz (117 MHz–2.19 GHz) bandwidth, thereby rendering the technology suitable for a wide range of applications, in addition to through-obstacle detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 6171 KiB  
Article
Optimal Central Frequency for Non-Contact Vital Sign Detection Using Monocycle UWB Radar
by Artit Rittiplang, Pattarapong Phasukkit and Teerapong Orankitanun
Sensors 2020, 20(10), 2916; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102916 - 21 May 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5433
Abstract
Ultra-wideband (UWB) radar has become a critical remote-sensing tool for non-contact vital sign detection such as emergency rescues, securities, and biomedicines. Theoretically, the magnitude of the received reflected signal is dependent on the central frequency of mono-pulse waveform used as the transmitted signal. [...] Read more.
Ultra-wideband (UWB) radar has become a critical remote-sensing tool for non-contact vital sign detection such as emergency rescues, securities, and biomedicines. Theoretically, the magnitude of the received reflected signal is dependent on the central frequency of mono-pulse waveform used as the transmitted signal. The research is based on the hypothesis that the stronger the received reflected signals, the greater the detectability of life signals. In this paper, we derive a new formula to compute the optimal central frequency to obtain as maximum received reflect signal as possible over the frequency up to the lower range of Ka-band. The proposed formula can be applicable in the optimization of hardware for UWB life detection and non-contact monitoring of vital signs. Furthermore, the vital sign detection results obtained by the UWB radar over a range of central frequency have been compared to those of the former continuous (CW) radar to provide additional information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each radar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 1833 KiB  
Article
A New Thresholding Method for IR-UWB Radar-Based Detection Applications
by Xuanjun Quan, Jeong Woo Choi and Sung Ho Cho
Sensors 2020, 20(8), 2314; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082314 - 18 Apr 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4212
Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a new thresholding method for impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar-based detection applications by taking both the false alarm and miss-detection rates into consideration. The thresholding algorithm is the key point of the detection application, and there have been [...] Read more.
In this paper, we proposed a new thresholding method for impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar-based detection applications by taking both the false alarm and miss-detection rates into consideration. The thresholding algorithm is the key point of the detection application, and there have been numerous studies on these developments. Most of these studies were related to the occurrence of false alarms, such as the constant false alarm rate algorithm (CFAR). However, very few studies have considered miss-detection, which is another crucial issue in detection applications. To mitigate this issue, our proposed algorithm considered miss-detection as well as the false alarms occurring during thresholding. In the proposed algorithm, a threshold is determined by combining a noise signal-based threshold, in which the focus point is the false alarm, with a target signal-based threshold, in which the focus point is a miss-detection, at a designed ratio. Therefore, a threshold can be determined based on the focus point by adjusting the designed ratio. In addition, the proposed algorithm can estimate the false alarm and miss-detection rates for the determined threshold, and thus, the threshold can be objectively set. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is better in terms of understanding the target signal for a given environment. A target signal can be affected by the clutter, installation height, and the angle of the radar, which are factors that noise-oriented algorithms do not consider. As the proposed algorithm analyzed the target signal, these factors were all considered. We analyzed the false alarm and miss-detection rates for the thresholds, which were determined by different combination ratios at various distances, and we experimentally verified the validity of the proposed algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 10192 KiB  
Article
Multi-Modal, Remote Breathing Monitor
by Nir Regev and Dov Wulich
Sensors 2020, 20(4), 1229; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041229 - 24 Feb 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4837
Abstract
Monitoring breathing is important for a plethora of applications including, but not limited to, baby monitoring, sleep monitoring, and elderly care. This paper presents a way to fuse both vision-based and RF-based modalities for the task of estimating the breathing rate of a [...] Read more.
Monitoring breathing is important for a plethora of applications including, but not limited to, baby monitoring, sleep monitoring, and elderly care. This paper presents a way to fuse both vision-based and RF-based modalities for the task of estimating the breathing rate of a human. The modalities used are the F200 Intel® RealSenseTM RGB and depth (RGBD) sensor, and an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. RGB image-based features and their corresponding image coordinates are detected on the human body and are tracked using the famous optical flow algorithm of Lucas and Kanade. The depth at these coordinates is also tracked. The synced-radar received signal is processed to extract the breathing pattern. All of these signals are then passed to a harmonic signal detector which is based on a generalized likelihood ratio test. Finally, a spectral estimation algorithm based on the reformed Pisarenko algorithm tracks the breathing fundamental frequencies in real-time, which are then fused into a one optimal breathing rate in a maximum likelihood fashion. We tested this multimodal set-up on 14 human subjects and we report a maximum error of 0.5 BPM compared to the true breathing rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 9257 KiB  
Article
Hand Gesture Recognition Using an IR-UWB Radar with an Inception Module-Based Classifier
by Shahzad Ahmed and Sung Ho Cho
Sensors 2020, 20(2), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20020564 - 20 Jan 2020
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 8342
Abstract
The emerging integration of technology in daily lives has increased the need for more convenient methods for human–computer interaction (HCI). Given that the existing HCI approaches exhibit various limitations, hand gesture recognition-based HCI may serve as a more natural mode of man–machine interaction [...] Read more.
The emerging integration of technology in daily lives has increased the need for more convenient methods for human–computer interaction (HCI). Given that the existing HCI approaches exhibit various limitations, hand gesture recognition-based HCI may serve as a more natural mode of man–machine interaction in many situations. Inspired by an inception module-based deep-learning network (GoogLeNet), this paper presents a novel hand gesture recognition technique for impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radars which demonstrates a higher gesture recognition accuracy. First, methodology to demonstrate radar signals as three-dimensional image patterns is presented and then, the inception module-based variant of GoogLeNet is used to analyze the pattern within the images for the recognition of different hand gestures. The proposed framework is exploited for eight different hand gestures with a promising classification accuracy of 95%. To verify the robustness of the proposed algorithm, multiple human subjects were involved in data acquisition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 18003 KiB  
Article
An UWB Physical Optics Approach for Fresnel-Zone RCS Measurements on a Complex Target at Non-Normal Incidence
by Ilie Valentin Mihai, Razvan Tamas and Ala Sharaiha
Sensors 2019, 19(24), 5454; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245454 - 11 Dec 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3020
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a fast method for measuring the radar cross section of a complex target at non-normal incidences and Fresnel region antenna-to-target distances. The proposed method relies both on the physical optics approach and on averaging the field distribution over [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose a fast method for measuring the radar cross section of a complex target at non-normal incidences and Fresnel region antenna-to-target distances. The proposed method relies both on the physical optics approach and on averaging the field distribution over the transmitting and receiving antenna apertures. The ratio between the analytical expression of the radar cross section at far-field and Fresnel region results in a field-zone extrapolation factor. The RCS resulting from the scattering parameters measured at Fresnel region distances is then corrected with that field-zone extrapolation factor. The method is suitable to be used in a perturbed, multipath environment by applying the distance averaging technique, coupling subtraction or time gating. Our technique requires a very simple measuring configuration consisting of two horn antennas and a vector network analyzer. The experimental validation of the proposed technique demonstrates reasonable agreement with simulated radar cross section at non-normal incidence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

21 pages, 2372 KiB  
Review
An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Remote Health Monitoring Using Impulse Radio UWB Transceiver
by Faheem Khan, Asim Ghaffar, Naeem Khan and Sung Ho Cho
Sensors 2020, 20(9), 2479; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092479 - 27 Apr 2020
Cited by 66 | Viewed by 14266
Abstract
Non-invasive remote health monitoring plays a vital role in epidemiological situations such as SARS outbreak (2003), MERS (2015) and the recently ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 because it is extremely risky to get close to the patient due to the spread of contagious infections. [...] Read more.
Non-invasive remote health monitoring plays a vital role in epidemiological situations such as SARS outbreak (2003), MERS (2015) and the recently ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 because it is extremely risky to get close to the patient due to the spread of contagious infections. Non-invasive monitoring is also extremely necessary in situations where it is difficult to use complicated wired connections, such as ECG monitoring for infants, burn victims or during rescue missions when people are buried during building collapses/earthquakes. Due to the unique characteristics such as higher penetration capabilities, extremely precise ranging, low power requirement, low cost, simple hardware and robustness to multipath interferences, Impulse Radio Ultra Wideband (IR-UWB) technology is appropriate for non-invasive medical applications. IR-UWB sensors detect the macro as well as micro movement inside the human body due to its fine range resolution. The two vital signs, i.e., respiration rate and heart rate, can be measured by IR-UWB radar by measuring the change in the magnitude of signal due to displacement caused by human lungs, heart during respiration and heart beating. This paper reviews recent advances in IR- UWB radar sensor design for healthcare, such as vital signs measurements of a stationary human, vitals of a non-stationary human, vital signs of people in a vehicle, through the wall vitals measurement, neonate’s health monitoring, fall detection, sleep monitoring and medical imaging. Although we have covered many topics related to health monitoring using IR-UWB, this paper is mainly focused on signal processing techniques for measurement of vital signs, i.e., respiration and heart rate monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IR-UWB Radar Sensors)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-7
Back to TopTop