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Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II)
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Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II)

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 16953
Related Special Issue: Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sergei Alexandrov

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Laboratory of Technological Processes, Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119526 Moscow, Russia
2. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: plasticity theory; fracture mechanics; metal forming; structural mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Valentina Zhukova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Faculty, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
2. Department Applied Physics I, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, EIG, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
Interests: advanced magnetic materials; amorphous; nanocrystalline and granular magnetic materials; post-processing of magnetic materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Arcady Zhukov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Polymers and Advanced Matererials, University Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
2. EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
Interests: magnetic materials and applications; amorphous nano-crystalline and granular magnetic materials; hysteretic magnetic properties; magnetic wires; transport properties (giant magneto-impedance effect, magneto-resistance); magnetic sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Valeria Rodionova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Novel Magnetic Materials & Institute of Physics Mathematics and Informational Technologies, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia
Interests: thin films and nanostructures; amorphous and soft magnetic materials; magnetic shape memory materials; magnetic methods in biology; ecology and medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in technology and engineering are greatly associated with the development of advanced innovated materials with improved properties. Certain industrial sectors, such as construction, automobile and aerospace industries, microelectronics, sensors, medicine, and security, demand cost-effective materials with tunable and optimized properties (i.e., enhanced physical (magnetic or mechanical) or chemical, biocompatible, etc.).

On the other hand, insecure supplies of critical materials (i.e., rare-earth or Co) could hinder the development of new technologies related to massive applications. Another issue is related to the miniaturization of modern magnetoelectronic devices, which tends to stimulate the rapid development of nanoscale magnetic materials, including nanostructured thin films, nanowires, nano-dots, and nanoparticle assemblies. However, most materials need post-processing in order to exhibit physical and chemical properties suitable for technological progress. Process engineering is intrinsically related to the understanding and application of the fundamental principles and laws of nature, allowing one to transform raw material and energy into products that are useful to society, at an industrial level. Process engineering therefore focuses on the design, operation, control, optimization, and intensification of chemical, physical, and biological processes. Material forming processes are widely used in many sectors of industry. These processes’ efficiency depends on the accuracy of experimental data, constitutive equations, and theoretical methods. Consequently, the development of processes and post-processing allowing the improvement of the physical properties of materials has become crucial for both emerging and large-scale applications.

The overall goal of this Special Issue is to provide the most up-to-date information about recent developments in the processing of innovative materials for the achievement of advanced functional properties, making them suitable for technological applications. Both reviews and original research papers will be considered. Reviews should provide an up-to-date, well-balanced overview of the current state-of-the-art in a particular application and include main results from other groups.

This Special Issue on “Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II)” aims to promote research and development activities in innovative engineering materials, process engineering, and material forming processes. We hope this Issue “Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes” will stimulate further interest in materials and processes research.

Potential topics of interest include but are not limited to the following areas:

  • New advanced functional materials;
  • Development of innovative post-processing and materials;
  • Properties optimization techniques;
  • Process design and optimization;
  • Process synthesis and design;
  • Process control and operations;
  • Process safety management;
  • Chemical and physical engineering fundamentals;
  • Chemical and physical engineering equipment design and process design;
  • Process systems, instrumentation, and control;
  • Nanomanufacturing;
  • Environmental engineering and sustainable development;
  • Traditional material forming processes (including rolling, extrusion, forging, and drawing) and incremental forming, severe plastic deformation processes, and microforming;
  • Evolution of damage and roughness in material forming processes;
  • Multiscale modeling.

Prof. Dr. Sergei Alexandrov
Prof. Dr. Valentina Zhukova
Prof. Dr. Arcady Zhukov
Dr. Valeria Rodionova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

17 pages, 7587 KiB  
Article
A Novel Continuous Roll-Forming Process of Elastomer Molds
by Yuan-Yang Chen and Yung-Jin Weng
Processes 2023, 11(3), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11030931 - 18 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1116
Abstract
This study proposed a novel continuous roll-forming process of elastomer molds, which can control the deformation of the mold using the rolling belt stack combination method. This study analyzed various rolling belt combinations, assembled the system based on simulation and experimental data according [...] Read more.
This study proposed a novel continuous roll-forming process of elastomer molds, which can control the deformation of the mold using the rolling belt stack combination method. This study analyzed various rolling belt combinations, assembled the system based on simulation and experimental data according to the deformation requirement design, and obtained a controllable microstructure mold rolling belt with tensile deformation. Mold thickness and microstructure size are key microstructure mold deformation parameters. This study designed and assembled a controllable microstructure mold rolling belt-type imprint molding system and conducted a series of experiments. The impact and application of different experimental system operation procedures and fabrication methods of the auxetic structure rolling belt on replication molding were analyzed. The innovative controllable microstructure mold rolling belt-type imprint replication molding technique proposed in this study had a stable and controllable mold deformation mechanism. It can control and replicate molding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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13 pages, 6910 KiB  
Article
Polycaprolactone with Glass Beads for 3D Printing Filaments
by Mária Kováčová, Anna Vykydalová and Zdenko Špitálský
Processes 2023, 11(2), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020395 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2203
Abstract
At present, 3D printing is experiencing a great boom. The demand for new materials for 3D printing is also related to its expansion. This paper deals with manufacturing innovative polymer composite filaments suitable for the Fused Filament Fabrication method in 3D printing. As [...] Read more.
At present, 3D printing is experiencing a great boom. The demand for new materials for 3D printing is also related to its expansion. This paper deals with manufacturing innovative polymer composite filaments suitable for the Fused Filament Fabrication method in 3D printing. As a filler, common and uncostly glass beads were used and mixed with biocompatible and biodegradable poly (ε-caprolactone), as a polymer matrix. This material was characterized via several physical-chemical methods. The Youngs modulus was increasing by about 30% with 20% loading of glass beads, and simultaneously, brittleness and elongations were decreased. The glass beads do not affect the shore hardness of filaments. The rheological measurement confirmed the material stability in a range of temperatures 75–120 °C. The presented work aimed to prepare lightweight biocompatible, cheap material with appropriate mechanical properties, lower printing temperature, and good printing processing. We can assess that the goal was fully met, and these filaments could be used for a wide range of applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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12 pages, 4976 KiB  
Article
Kinetics of Ion-Exchange Extraction of Lithium from Aqueous Solutions by Protonated Potassium Polytitanates
by Maria Vikulova, Lilia Maximova, Valeria Rudyh, Nikolay Gorshkov and Alexander Gorokhovsky
Processes 2022, 10(11), 2258; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112258 - 02 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1542
Abstract
In this work, protonated forms of potassium polytitanate were obtained by treating the precursor in HCl solution at pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, or 7.0. The synthesized materials were studied using XRD, FTIR, and XRF. The ion-exchange properties were studied using a [...] Read more.
In this work, protonated forms of potassium polytitanate were obtained by treating the precursor in HCl solution at pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, or 7.0. The synthesized materials were studied using XRD, FTIR, and XRF. The ion-exchange properties were studied using a LiCl solution with a concentration of C(Li+) = 0.01 mol/L. It was shown that extraction of lithium by potassium polytitanates is dependent on their protonation degree. It has been established that the samples with the highest degree of protonation obtained at pH = 2.0 and 3.0 have the highest efficiency in the ion-exchange extraction of Li+ ions from an aqueous solution. For determination of exchange ion rates and the mechanism of the ion-exchange process, pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models as well as the Weber–Morris intraparticle diffusion model, were employed. Experimental data with their participation are in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The calculated kinetic parameters were qe = 0.47–0.52 mmol/g and k2 = 0.25–0.43, depending on the protonation degree of potassium polytitanate. The obtained experimental and calculated values of the sorption capacity were compared with the cation-exchange capacity of materials studied. According to the kinetics study, the mechanism of lithium adsorption by potassium polytitanates with a higher protonation degree is the ion-exchange chemical reaction. Low-cost protonated potassium polytitanates are promising to extract Li+ ions from aqueous solutions with a low concentration, as confirmed by the analysis of the results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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11 pages, 3681 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Activity of Ni Nanotubes Covered with Nanostructured Gold
by Alena Shumskaya, Larissa Panina, Alexander Rogachev, Zhanna Ihnatovich, Artem Kozlovskiy, Maxim Zdorovets, Egor Kaniukov and Ilya Korolkov
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2279; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122279 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2166
Abstract
Ni nanotubes (NTs) were produced by the template method in the pores of ion-track membranes and then were successfully functionalized with gold nanoparticles (Ni@Au NTs) using electroless wet-chemical deposition with the aim to demonstrate their high catalytic activity. The fabricated NTs were characterized [...] Read more.
Ni nanotubes (NTs) were produced by the template method in the pores of ion-track membranes and then were successfully functionalized with gold nanoparticles (Ni@Au NTs) using electroless wet-chemical deposition with the aim to demonstrate their high catalytic activity. The fabricated NTs were characterized using a variety of techniques in order to determine their morphology and dimensions, crystalline structure, and magnetic properties. The morphology of Au coating depended on the concentration of gold chloride aqueous solution used for Au deposition. The catalytic activity was evaluated by a model reaction of the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by borohydride ions in the presence of Ni and Ni@Au NTs. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically in real time by detecting the decrease in the absorption peaks. It was found that gold coating with needle-like structure formed at a higher Au-ions concentration had the strongest catalytic effect, while bare Ni NTs had little effect. The presence of a magnetic core allowed the extraction of the catalyst with the help of a magnetic field for reusable applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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12 pages, 1689 KiB  
Article
Innovative Gold/Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite: Physicochemical and Cytotoxicity Properties
by Anna Motorzhina, Sonja Jovanović, Victor K. Belyaev, Dmitry Murzin, Stanislav Pshenichnikov, Valeria G. Kolesnikova, Alexander S. Omelyanchik, Lea Gazvoda, Matjaž Spreitzer, Larissa Panina, Valeria Rodionova, Marija Vukomanović and Kateryna Levada
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2264; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122264 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2781
Abstract
The combination of plasmonic material and magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles is widely used in multifunctional nanosystems. Here we propose a method for the fabrication of a gold/cobalt ferrite nanocomposite for biomedical applications. The composite includes gold cores of ~10 nm in diameter coated [...] Read more.
The combination of plasmonic material and magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles is widely used in multifunctional nanosystems. Here we propose a method for the fabrication of a gold/cobalt ferrite nanocomposite for biomedical applications. The composite includes gold cores of ~10 nm in diameter coated with arginine, which are surrounded by small cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with diameters of ~5 nm covered with dihydrocaffeic acid. The structure and elemental composition, morphology and dimensions, magnetic and optical properties, and biocompatibility of new nanocomposite were studied. The magnetic properties of the composite are mostly determined by the superparamagnetic state of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, and optical properties are influenced by the localized plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity of gold/cobalt ferrite nanocomposite was tested using T-lymphoblastic leukemia and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Studied composite has selective citotoxic effect on cancerous cells while it has no cytotoxic effect on healtly cells. The results suggest that this material can be explored in the future for combined photothermal treatment and magnetic theranostic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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22 pages, 11004 KiB  
Article
Turbulence Enhancement and Mixing Analysis for Multi-Inlet Vortex Photoreactor for CO2 Reduction
by Jesús Valdés, Jorge Luis Domínguez-Juárez, Rufino Nava, Ángeles Cuán and Carlos M. Cortés-Romero
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2237; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122237 - 13 Dec 2021
Viewed by 2122
Abstract
In this article, we describe a prototype photoreactor of which the geometrical configuration was obtained by Genetic Algorithms to maximize the residence time of the reactant gases. A gas reaction mixture of CO2:H2O (1:2 molar ratio) was studied from [...] Read more.
In this article, we describe a prototype photoreactor of which the geometrical configuration was obtained by Genetic Algorithms to maximize the residence time of the reactant gases. A gas reaction mixture of CO2:H2O (1:2 molar ratio) was studied from the fluid dynamic point of view. The two main features of this prototype reactor are the conical shape, which enhances the residence time as compared to a cylindrical shape reference reactor, and the inlet heights and position around the main chamber that enables turbulence and mass transfer control. Turbulence intensity, mixing capability, and residence time attributes for the optimized prototype reactor were calculated with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and compared with those from a reference reactor. Turbulence intensity near the envisioned catalytic bed was one percentage point higher in the reference than in the optimized prototype reactor. Finally, the homogeneity of the mixture was guaranteed since both types of reactors had a turbulent regime, but for the prototype the CO2 mass fraction was found to be better distributed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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11 pages, 1119 KiB  
Article
An Efficient Method of Calculating the Force and Torque in the Upsetting of Cylinders with Rotating Dies
by Sergei Alexandrov, Elena Lyamina and Yeong-Maw Hwang
Processes 2021, 9(10), 1845; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9101845 - 18 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1578
Abstract
The process of upsetting, with rotating dies, is used to reduce the force required to deform the workpiece and to receive more homogeneous deformation compared to the same process without the rotational motion of the dies. The upper bound method is an efficient [...] Read more.
The process of upsetting, with rotating dies, is used to reduce the force required to deform the workpiece and to receive more homogeneous deformation compared to the same process without the rotational motion of the dies. The upper bound method is an efficient tool for a quick estimate of process parameters. The accuracy of upper bound solutions depends on the chosen class of kinematically admissible velocity fields. The present paper provides an efficient method for choosing kinematically admissible velocity fields that satisfy some stress boundary conditions if the associated flow rule is considered. The method applies to the upsetting of cylinders. It is expected that it leads to accurate solutions if friction is high enough. Besides, the kinematically admissible velocity field accounts for a rigid region near the axis of symmetry. Such a region inevitably occurs in exact solutions because the friction stress must vanish at the axis of symmetry. The final expression for the upper bound, on a combination of the force and torque, involves two arbitrary parameters. These parameters are determined using the upper bound theorem. An example is provided to illustrate the method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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Review

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18 pages, 1021 KiB  
Review
Physical and Chemical Macroscopic Processes in Wooden Construction Materials of Buildings during WUI Fires: Recent and Advanced Developments
by Nikolay Viktorovich Baranovskiy and Aleksey Olegovich Malinin
Processes 2022, 10(2), 263; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10020263 - 28 Jan 2022
Viewed by 2058
Abstract
Forest fires are one of the strongest natural phenomena, occurring both for natural and man-made reasons. Forest fires entail not only economic losses, but also affect the ecological, biological and demographic picture of the region of its origin and far beyond its borders. [...] Read more.
Forest fires are one of the strongest natural phenomena, occurring both for natural and man-made reasons. Forest fires entail not only economic losses, but also affect the ecological, biological and demographic picture of the region of its origin and far beyond its borders. Around the world, work is underway to develop effective methods for predicting the impact of a forest fire on the environment, the speed and direction of propagation and impact on various infrastructure facilities near the wildland–urban interface (WUI). The purpose of the work is to review recent and significant research works on the physical and chemical processes in wooden construction materials during WUI fires. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, works devoted to the modeling and experimental study of various physical and chemical processes, namely, the impact of forest fires on residential and industrial facilities, heat and mass transfer in structural materials, drying processes, pyrolysis, and ignition of structural materials, are highlighted. The results of the analysis of literature sources and promising directions are presented in the Discussion section. The formulated conclusions are presented in the Conclusion section. The main conclusion is that the existing experimental and theoretical work can be integrated into the developed deterministic–probabilistic approach for predicting the impact of a forest fire on buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Innovative Engineering Materials and Processes (II))
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