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Processes
Special Issues
Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds
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Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 5447

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaowei Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Interests: catalysts; phase change materials; energy storage; MOFs; perovskites
Dr. Hongyi Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: thermal energy storage; phase change materials; MOFs; catalyst synthesis; aerogel

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal compounds, such as metal oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, phosphides, nitrides, and carbides, exhibited outstanding potential applications in catalysis, batteries, detectors, ceramics, biomedicine, water treatment and other fields. Among which, the composition control, doping regulation and surface/interface engineering of metal compounds have been considered as effective methods to modulate their microstructures, providing a powerful means for creating a large variety of high-performance metal compounds for different chemical processes. Of particular interest, there has been growing research concerning the controllable preparation of metal compounds to optimize their performance.

This special issue on “Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal compounds” aims to gather the important developments related to this rapidly growing fields of metal compounds, such as the structural design and precise preparation methods of metal compounds, defect and interface engineering, cost-effective material synthesis techniques, as well as the applications of metal compounds in catalysis, batteries, detectors, ceramics and other fields.

Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Structural design and controlled preparation;
  • Theoretical and experimental investigation on the relationship between material structures and their properties;
  • Application of metal compounds in catalysis, batteries, detectors, ceramics, biomedicine, water treatment and other fields;
  • Clean energy technologies;
  • Energy conversion and storage technologies;
  • Development and challenges relating to metal compounds and their applications.

Dr. Xiaowei Zhang
Dr. Hongyi Gao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal compounds
  • catalysts
  • batteries
  • detectors
  • ceramics
  • detectors
  • clean energy
  • energy conversion and storage
  • water treatment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 17136 KiB  
Article
Construction of a Multifunctional PCM@Catalyst Composite and Its Application in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process
by Guoqing An, Zhixiang Cheng, Ying Ouyang, Siqi Liu and Hongyi Gao
Processes 2023, 11(9), 2659; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11092659 - 05 Sep 2023
Viewed by 748
Abstract
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most important processes in gasoline/diesel oil production, but the strong endothermic effect accompanied by this reaction often results in the deactivation of the catalyst. In this paper, a novel multifunctional phase change material (PCM)@Catalyst composite [...] Read more.
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most important processes in gasoline/diesel oil production, but the strong endothermic effect accompanied by this reaction often results in the deactivation of the catalyst. In this paper, a novel multifunctional phase change material (PCM)@Catalyst composite was designed and constructed, in which the PCM could be used to store waste heat and regulate the temperature for enhancing the catalytic efficiency of the FCC catalyst. Firstly, a core/shell Al-12wt%Si@Al2O3 was prepared via subsequent vapor treatment and high-temperature calcination of an Al-12wt%Si sphere. The Al species in the Al-12wt%Si served as the source of metal ions and was transformed in situ into a well-defined Al2O3 shell, which greatly improved the thermal stability and prevented the leaking of the Al-12wt% Si core in the high-temperature situation. The PCMs@Catalyst composite was then fabricated by casting the mixed powder of Al-12wt%Si@Al2O3 and Y zeolite into a granulated structure. The FCC results demonstrate that Al-12wt%Si@Al2O3/Y zeolite can optimize product distribution and reduce coke yield. This design concept and synthesis strategy can be extended to the production of a wide variety of hierarchical PCM@Catalyst composites for other reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds)
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13 pages, 4324 KiB  
Article
Highly Sensitive Ethylene Sensors Based on Ultrafine Pd Nanoparticles-Decorated Porous ZnO Nanosheets and Their Application in Fruit Ripeness Detection
by Zhen Jin, De-Cai Wang, Wen-Jie Xie, Yi Ding and Jie Li
Processes 2023, 11(6), 1686; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11061686 - 01 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1132
Abstract
Ethylene is the most common ripening phytohormone in fruits, and excess ethylene can overripen the fruit. However, the in-field detection of ethylene is still limited. In this work, ultrafine Pd nanoparticles-decorated porous ZnO nanosheets (UPNP ZnO nanosheets) were conveniently synthesized through a facile [...] Read more.
Ethylene is the most common ripening phytohormone in fruits, and excess ethylene can overripen the fruit. However, the in-field detection of ethylene is still limited. In this work, ultrafine Pd nanoparticles-decorated porous ZnO nanosheets (UPNP ZnO nanosheets) were conveniently synthesized through a facile solvent reduction method. The UPNP ZnO nanosheets were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ZnO nanosheets were uniformly coated with Pd nanoparticles. The size of the Pd nanoparticle was very small, with a diameter of approximately 2 nm. Due to the unique structure of the porous ZnO nanosheets and the excellent catalytic properties of the ultrafine Pd nanoparticles, the as-prepared samples showed very high sensing performance in ethylene detection. The lowest detection concentration was 10 ppb, which is the lowest detection limit to our knowledge. It has been proved that the decoration of ultrafine Pd nanoparticles can largely increase the relative percentage of chemisorbed oxygen and deficient oxygen, which are benefits for ethylene oxidation, and actually accelerate the process of the sensing reaction. Furthermore, the UPNP ZnO nanosheets can even be applied in fruit maturity detection. Using mangos as an example, our experiment revealed that the response of UPNP ZnO nanosheets to mangos at different maturity stages was quite different. This result suggests that our product has broad application prospects in monitoring fruit ripening stage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds)
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13 pages, 3205 KiB  
Article
High-Thermal-Conductivity AlN Ceramics Prepared from Octyltrichlorosilane-Modified AlN Powder
by Guangqi Li, Bin Li, Bo Ren, Yang Li, Haiyang Chen and Junhong Chen
Processes 2023, 11(4), 1186; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11041186 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1488
Abstract
Aluminum nitride has been widely used as heat-management material for large-scale integrated circuits and semiconductor packages because of its excellent insulation, high thermal conductivity, low dielectric constant and loss, similar expansion coefficient to that of silicon, and non-toxicity. However, the increase of oxygen [...] Read more.
Aluminum nitride has been widely used as heat-management material for large-scale integrated circuits and semiconductor packages because of its excellent insulation, high thermal conductivity, low dielectric constant and loss, similar expansion coefficient to that of silicon, and non-toxicity. However, the increase of oxygen content caused by the hydration of aluminum nitride powder during storage often decreases the thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride ceramics. In this work, we propose an approach for preparing high-thermal-conductivity AlN ceramics via octyltrichlorosilane-modified AlN powder. The octyltrichlorosilane reacted with the hydroxyl group on the surface of the AlN powder forming a siloxane protective layer. The protective layer not only enhanced the water contact angle of AlN powder from 34.8° to 151°, but also ensured the phase of AlN powder did not change in the distilled water at 25 °C for 72 h. High-thermal-conductivity AlN ceramics up to 186 W·m−1·K−1 were successfully prepared based on the modified AlN powder which had been stored for one year. This work provides a simple, effective, and practical method for the stable preparation of high-thermal-conductivity AlN ceramics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds)
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11 pages, 3369 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride Using Sodium Aluminate as Aluminum Source
by Guangqi Li, Bin Li, Bo Ren, Haiyang Chen, Bo Zhu and Junhong Chen
Processes 2023, 11(4), 1034; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11041034 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1639
Abstract
At present, the carbothermal reduction and nitridation process is an important method for the large-scale preparation of aluminum nitride powder in industry, but the tremendous energy consumption caused by long-term high temperatures seriously restricts its practical application. To solve this problem, the (NaAlO [...] Read more.
At present, the carbothermal reduction and nitridation process is an important method for the large-scale preparation of aluminum nitride powder in industry, but the tremendous energy consumption caused by long-term high temperatures seriously restricts its practical application. To solve this problem, the (NaAlO2+C) mixture with a mole ratio of NaAlO2:C = 1:3 was prepared based on sodium aluminate and carbon black which has been ball milled with anhydrous ethanol as a grinding liquid. The crystal structure evolution and nitridation reaction behavior of sodium aluminate at 800–1600 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of carbon were systematically studied employing XRD, SEM, and ICP-MS. The results showed that: high energy θ-Al2O3, η-Al2O3 can be excited by heating sodium aluminate to 1400 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of carbon. The transformation process between sodium aluminate and aluminum nitride is carried out via the direct nitridation of θ-Al2O3, η-Al2O3. Benefiting from the direct nitridation of η-Al2O3 and θ-Al2O3, high-purity aluminum nitride powder with a particle size of 0.50 ± 0.18 μm was synthesized at 1400 °C. This work provides a new path for reduced energy consumption in the aluminum nitride industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Controllable Preparation and Application of Metal Compounds)
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