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Advances in Environmental Stress Resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants
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Advances in Environmental Stress Resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 5822

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yang-Rui Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
Interests: sugar crops; salt stress; sugar cane; physiological and biochemical characteristics
Prof. Dr. Othmane Merah

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, France
2. Département Génie Biologique, IUT Paul Sabatier, Université Paul Sabatier, 32000 Auch, France
Interests: plant physiology; plant breeding; abiotic stress; bioactive accumulation; essential oils; biofertilizers; cereals; oilseed crop; legumes; vegetables
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal Plants will be publishing a Special Issue entitled “Advances in environmental stress resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants”. There is an interest in understanding the mechanisms of plant adaptation and tolerance strategies to unfavorable environmental conditions. Plants are continuously exposed to changing environmental variables, such as high light, UV radiation, nutrients, wind, gasses, oxidative stress, dehydration, salt, excessive temperatures, metal toxicity, and other factors are among them. Numerous researchers have been studying the adaptability of a variety of crops, such as varieties, cultivars, genotypes, hybrids, and others to various environmental stressors, either alone or in combined. Unfavorable environmental variables cause negative effects on plant performance and productivity, overall plant die. The ability of plants to sustain their activities under stressed is critical for achieving sustainable crop growth, development and productivity in stressful situations. Exogenous phytoprotectants, which can alleviate their effects on plants, are one of the strategies for enhancing plants' resistance to environmental stresses. Further studies/ demonstrations are required on the morphological, physio-biochemical, and metabolic mechanisms assessed in a variety of plants that are tolerant or resistant to environmental stresses with a view to the functional characterization of stress related genes associated in adaptation mechanisms.

This Special Issue aims to bring together current knowledge on the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular/genetic mechanisms for resistance and associated problem of environmental stresses in arid and semi-arid areas.

Researchers from the globe are warmly invited to submit original research and review articles on the related topics as:

  • Physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies assessing the impact of unfavorable environmental variables on plant morphology, water relations, photosynthetic leaf gas exchange, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant, metabolites, and productivity
  • Effect of environmental stress on the development of plants
  • Studies on the molecular responses to stress related genes and pathways for plant growth regulation and stress resistance capacity

Prof. Dr. Yang-Rui Li
Prof. Dr. Othmane Merah
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental stress
  • enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants
  • plant growth responses
  • development
  • photosynthesis and gas exchange
  • genes and genetic control
  • productivity
  • phytohormones
  • adaptation strategies
  • reactive oxygen species
  • signaling molecules

Published Papers (3 papers)

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13 pages, 1348 KiB  
Article
Morpho-Anatomical Modulation of Seminal Roots in Response to Water Deficit in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum)
by Oum Cheikh Felouah, Faiza Ammad, Ahmed Adda, Assia Bouzid, Mohammed Lotfi Gharnaout, Philippe Evon and Othmane Merah
Plants 2024, 13(4), 487; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13040487 - 08 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1018
Abstract
The productivity of durum wheat in Mediterranean regions is greatly reduced by water deficits that vary in intensity and time of occurrence. The development of more tolerant cultivars is the main solution for fighting these stresses, but this requires prior study of their [...] Read more.
The productivity of durum wheat in Mediterranean regions is greatly reduced by water deficits that vary in intensity and time of occurrence. The development of more tolerant cultivars is the main solution for fighting these stresses, but this requires prior study of their mechanisms. The involvement of the root system in drought avoidance is of major importance. It is in this context that the present work attempts to establish the impact of morpho-anatomical remodeling of seminal roots on dehydration avoidance at the javelina stage in five durum wheat genotypes grown under three water regimes, 100%, 60% and 30% of field capacity (FC). In the last two treatments, which were applied by stopping irrigation, moisture was concentrated mainly in the depths of the substrate cylinders and was accompanied by greater root elongation compared with the control. The elongation reached rates of 20 and 22% in the ACSAD 1231 genotype and 12 and 13% in the Waha genotype, in the 60% FC and 30% FC treatments respectively. The seminal roots anatomy was also modified by water deficit in all genotypes but to different degrees. The diameter of vessels in the late metaxylem vessels was reduced, reaching 17.3 and 48.2% in the Waha genotype in the 60% FC and 30% FC treatments, respectively. The water deficit also increased the number of vessels in the early metaxylem, while reducing the diameter of its conducting vessels. ACSAD 1361 and Langlois genotypes stood out with the highest rates of diameter reduction. The morpho-anatomical transformations of the roots contributed effectively to the plants’ absorption of water and, consequently, to the maintenance of a fairly high relative water content, approaching 80%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Environmental Stress Resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants)
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16 pages, 1473 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Alternative Substrate for Tomato Production in Arid Zone: Lesson from Growth, Water Relations, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Photosynthesis
by Samir Aydi, Sameh Sassi Aydi, Asma Marsit, Nadia El Abed, Rami Rahmani, Jalloul Bouajila, Othmane Merah and Chedly Abdelly
Plants 2023, 12(7), 1457; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12071457 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1813
Abstract
Soilless culture is considered the mostpromising, intensive, and sustainable approach with various advantages for plant production in terms of saving water and nutrients. It can provide consumers with sufficient and high-quality food. However, the commonly used growing substrate for soilless cultivation, coconut fiber [...] Read more.
Soilless culture is considered the mostpromising, intensive, and sustainable approach with various advantages for plant production in terms of saving water and nutrients. It can provide consumers with sufficient and high-quality food. However, the commonly used growing substrate for soilless cultivation, coconut fiber (CF), is usually imported and expensive or even unavailable. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of local organic farm resources substrates on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant growth, water relations, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phytochemical analysis of fruits in a hydroponics culture system. Two growth substrates were evaluated: date-palm waste composted with animal manure (7:3 w/w) (DPAM) and date-palm trunk compost (DPT). CF and local soil were utilized as positive and negative controls, respectively, in randomized blocks. The results revealed that DPAM substrate enhanced plant growth and physiology: shoot development, leaves tissues hydration, and photosynthetic parameters, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence. However, DPT and CF improved fruit quality: water, mineral, sugar, and protein content. The antioxidant activity of the fruit extract was the greater in DPAM, reaching 13.8 mg GAEg−1 DW. This value wasdecreased in soil by 40%. Photosynthesis activity was the most important in DPAM with 12 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1, and only 6.4 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 in the soil condition. However, regarding the non-photochemical quenching, the dissipated light energy was greater in soil (0.096 ± 0.02) than in DPAM (0.025 ± 0.04). Date-palm waste-based substrates improved tomato vegetative growth and fruit quality as compared to soil-based culture. Date-palm waste-based substrates supplemented with manure appear to be promising and less expensive alternatives to the coconut fiber substrate extensively used in soilless crops in North Africa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Environmental Stress Resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants)
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13 pages, 666 KiB  
Article
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Commercial Strawberry Cultivars under Optimal and Drought Stress Conditions
by Seyed Morteza Zahedi, Marjan Sadat Hosseini, Narjes Fahadi Hoveizeh, Saeid Kadkhodaei and Marek Vaculík
Plants 2023, 12(3), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030496 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2016
Abstract
Improving the extent of adaptation and the choice of the most tolerant cultivar is the first step to mitigating the adverse effects of limited water, especially in susceptible plants such as strawberries. To address this issue, two commercial strawberry cultivars (Camarosa and Gaviota) [...] Read more.
Improving the extent of adaptation and the choice of the most tolerant cultivar is the first step to mitigating the adverse effects of limited water, especially in susceptible plants such as strawberries. To address this issue, two commercial strawberry cultivars (Camarosa and Gaviota) were compared when irrigated to match 100, 75, 50, and 25% field capacity (FC) to simulate the control, slight, moderate, and severe drought stress conditions, respectively. Drought stress induced the reduction of total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content, and phenolic content significantly, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes, electrolyte leakage, osmolyte accumulation, and oxidative markers upsurged progressively in drought severity-dependent behavior. Gaviota produced more proline, hydrogen peroxide as a marker of membrane lipid peroxidation and disposed of by higher electrolyte leakage, significantly. On the other hand, Camarosa having higher soluble carbohydrates as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants could be considered a drought-tolerant cultivar. Genotypic variation between these cultivars could be used in breeding projects to promote drought-tolerant strawberries in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Environmental Stress Resistance on Morpho-Physiological Characters in Plants)
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