Advances in Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics of Citrus

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 5030

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment, 34090 Montpellier, France
Interests: citrus; plant breeding; plant genetics; genotyping; plant physiology; phylogenetics

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Citricultura y Producción Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
Interests: citrus; molecular breeding; genomics; molecular genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In tree crops, conventional breeding by sexual hybridization is challenging. In citrus, this process is hampered by the complex genetics and reproductive biology of the citrus (apomixis, partial pollen and/or ovule sterility, cross- and self-incompatibility and high heterozygosity). Moreover, citrus have a long juvenile phase, which delays the production of fruit by several years. Despite these limitations, very important advances in releasing new varieties adapted to new market demands have been achieved, together with new rootstocks that are resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, adapted to different soil conditions and to modern cultivation techniques. The development of molecular markers, the availability of a reference genetic map, and the advances in biotechnological tools and the complete genome sequence of several citrus species have enabled the acceleration of key studies, such as germplasm characterization, marker-assisted selection or gene function discovery and variety improvement.

Due to climate change, new market demands and new emerging diseases are adding constraints to plant breeding; therefore, researchers must continuously work to overcome the new challenges and contribute to gaining new knowledge in this area. Researchers perform many techniques to accomplish these objectives, such as mutation breeding, sexual hybridization, ploidy manipulation, molecular breeding, QTLs and association genetics, genomic and biotechnology tools or novel phenotyping techniques.

Conventional and novel research approaches to scion and rootstock improvement, together with reviews, will be welcomed. This Special Issue will provide updates on the most recent advances in these topics, which are aiding in building the citrus industry of the 21st century.

Dr. Franck Curk
Dr. Garcia-Lor Andres
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • germplasm
  • fruit quality
  • scion
  • rootstock
  • hybridization
  • mapping
  • MAS
  • mutation
  • polyploidy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1865 KiB  
Article
Real-Time PCR to Phenotype Resistance to the Citrus Nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb.
by Marta Ruiz, Annie Du Vo, J. Ole Becker and Mikeal L. Roose
Plants 2023, 12(13), 2543; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132543 - 04 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1037
Abstract
As pest management options, such as nematicides, become more restrictive, developing rootstocks resistant to the citrus nematode is fundamental for citrus production. This study provides an updated methodology to screen for citrus nematode resistance in rootstock-breeding programs. We developed a novel method to [...] Read more.
As pest management options, such as nematicides, become more restrictive, developing rootstocks resistant to the citrus nematode is fundamental for citrus production. This study provides an updated methodology to screen for citrus nematode resistance in rootstock-breeding programs. We developed a novel method to extract female citrus nematodes from roots that is suitable for molecular work and a real-time-PCR-based nematode quantification method for Tylenchulus semipenetrans. These procedures allow scaling up screening to high-throughput workflows, increasing the chances of finding rootstock candidates that combine all the desired traits. Our results contribute to the growing literature supporting quantification of nematodes with molecular methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics of Citrus)
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26 pages, 3069 KiB  
Article
Meiotic Behaviors of Allotetraploid Citrus Drive the Interspecific Recombination Landscape, the Genetic Structures, and Traits Inheritance in Tetrazyg Progenies Aiming to Select New Rootstocks
by Lény Calvez, Alexis Dereeper, Aude Perdereau, Pierre Mournet, Maëva Miranda, Saturnin Bruyère, Barbara Hufnagel, Yann Froelicher, Arnaud Lemainque, Raphaël Morillon and Patrick Ollitrault
Plants 2023, 12(8), 1630; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081630 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1293
Abstract
Sexual breeding at the tetraploid level is a promising strategy for rootstock breeding in citrus. Due to the interspecific origin of most of the conventional diploid citrus rootstocks that produced the tetraploid germplasm, the optimization of this strategy requires better knowledge of the [...] Read more.
Sexual breeding at the tetraploid level is a promising strategy for rootstock breeding in citrus. Due to the interspecific origin of most of the conventional diploid citrus rootstocks that produced the tetraploid germplasm, the optimization of this strategy requires better knowledge of the meiotic behavior of the tetraploid parents. This work used Genotyping By Sequencing (GBS) data from 103 tetraploid hybrids to study the meiotic behavior and generate a high-density recombination landscape for their tetraploid intergenic Swingle citrumelo and interspecific Volkamer lemon progenitors. A genetic association study was performed with root architecture traits. For citrumelo, high preferential chromosome pairing was revealed and led to an intermediate inheritance with a disomic tendency. Meiosis in Volkamer lemon was more complex than that of citrumelo, with mixed segregation patterns from disomy to tetrasomy. The preferential pairing resulted in low interspecific recombination levels and high interspecific heterozygosity transmission by the diploid gametes. This meiotic behavior affected the efficiency of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) detection. Nevertheless, it enabled a high transmission of disease and pest resistance candidate genes from P. trifoliata that are heterozygous in the citrumelo progenitor. The tetrazyg strategy, using doubled diploids of interspecific origin as parents, appears to be efficient in transferring the dominant traits selected at the parental level to the tetraploid progenies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics of Citrus)
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20 pages, 2363 KiB  
Article
Genotyping by Sequencing for SNP-Based Linkage Analysis and the Development of KASPar Markers for Male Sterility and Polyembryony in Citrus
by Rafael Montalt, José Cuenca, María Carmen Vives, Pierre Mournet, Luis Navarro, Patrick Ollitrault and Pablo Aleza
Plants 2023, 12(7), 1567; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12071567 - 06 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Polyembryony and male sterility (MS) are essential characters for citrus breeding. MS, coupled with parthenocarpy, allows for addressing the diversification of diploid seedless mandarin varieties, and nucleocytoplasmic MS is the most prevalent system. Polyembryony limits the use of seed parents in scion breeding [...] Read more.
Polyembryony and male sterility (MS) are essential characters for citrus breeding. MS, coupled with parthenocarpy, allows for addressing the diversification of diploid seedless mandarin varieties, and nucleocytoplasmic MS is the most prevalent system. Polyembryony limits the use of seed parents in scion breeding programs, and the recovery of monoembryonic hybrids to be used as female parents is a crucial pre-breeding component. The objectives of this work were the identification of SNPs closely linked with the genes implied in these traits for marker-assisted selection. Genotyping by sequencing was used to genotype 61 diploid hybrids from an F1 progeny recovered from crossing ‘Kiyomi’ and ‘Murcott’ tangors. A total of 6444 segregating markers were identified and used to establish the two parental genetic maps. They consisted of 1374 and 697 markers encompassing 1416.287 and 1339.735 cM for ‘Kiyomi’ and ‘Murcott’, respectively. Phenotyping for MS and polyembryony was performed. The genotype–trait association study identified a genomic region on LG8 which was significantly associated with MS, and a genomic region on LG1 which was significantly associated with polyembryony. Annotation of the identified region for MS revealed 19 candidate genes. One SNP KASPar marker was developed and fully validated for each trait. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics of Citrus)
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