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Photonics
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Optical Fiber Transmission Systems
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Optical Fiber Transmission Systems

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Communication and Network".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 6025

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mario Zitelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Dell'Informazione, Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni (DIET), Università Degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
Interests: quantum communications; multimode fibers; optical nonlinearities; space-division multiplexing; modulation formats
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The capacity of optical transmission systems based on single-mode fibers (SMF) has grown by about three orders of magnitude over the last twenty years, reaching the so-called nonlinear Shannon limit. Further improvement of the capacity of an optical channel are offered by increasing the optical bandwidth, the use of advanced modulation formats, reducing the fiber nonlinearity, and the adoption of space-division multiplexing (SDM), together with the more common multiplexing techniques of wavelength (WDM) and of polarization (PDM).

In SDM, spatially separated optical channels are injected into separate cores of a multicore fiber (MCF), or into different modes of a multimode fiber (MMF); this technique is particularly promising due to its potential cost, space, and energy savings. An ultra-wide optical bandwidth is achievable by simultaneously exploiting the S, C and L transmission bands of silica fibers. However, this challenges the development of suitable lumped or distributed optical amplifiers. Fibers offering low Kerr nonlinearity, such as hollow-core fibers (HCF), are promising in terms of reducing the impact of the nonlinear Shannon limit and increasing the possible optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR).

The Special Issue on Optical Fiber Transmission Systems aims to illustrate the most advanced techniques used to increase the capacity of an optical channel, covering the following topics:

  • SDM techniques in multimode and multicore fibers;
  • Ultra-wide band optical systems;
  • Specialty optical fibers;
  • Advanced modulation formats.

Dr. Mario Zitelli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • space-division multiplexing
  • ultra-wide band optical systems
  • specialty optical fibers
  • advanced modulation formats
  • optical channel capacity

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2686 KiB  
Article
Kramers–Kronig Transmission with a Crosstalk-Dependent Step Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Volterra Equalizer in a Seven-Core Fiber
by Feng Tian, Tianze Wu, Chao Yu, Chuxuan Wang, Mohai Yue, Ran Gao, Qi Zhang, Zhipei Li, Qinghua Tian, Fu Wang and Xiangjun Xin
Photonics 2023, 10(9), 1017; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10091017 - 05 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 747
Abstract
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a net bit rate of 261.7 Gbit/s in a seven-core transmission system with a Kramers–Kronig (KK) receiver. The 10 GBaud 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal is transmitted over a 2.5 km seven-core fiber, and the relationship [...] Read more.
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a net bit rate of 261.7 Gbit/s in a seven-core transmission system with a Kramers–Kronig (KK) receiver. The 10 GBaud 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal is transmitted over a 2.5 km seven-core fiber, and the relationship between carrier-to-signal power ratio, signal power, frequency spacing, and optical power is analyzed. Moreover, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Volterra equalization algorithm with crosstalk-dependent steps is proposed to compensate for inter-core crosstalk and impairments induced by other devices. Compared to the single-input single-output (SISO) Volterra equalizer, the CSPR can be reduced by 1.3 dB, and the received power gain can reach up to 0.7 dB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Transmission Systems)
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13 pages, 7900 KiB  
Communication
Suppression of Nonlinear Optical Effects in DWDM-PON by Frequency Modulation Non-Coherent Detection
by Lei Xin, Xiao Xu, Liuge Du, Chonglei Sun, Feng Gao and Jia Zhao
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030323 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1289
Abstract
We propose a simple and cost-effective method, using a direct frequency modulation (FM) and noncoherent detection (NCD) scheme, to suppress the nonlinear optical effects in dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) optical communication. The FM transmitter comprises a directly modulated distributed feedback laser and [...] Read more.
We propose a simple and cost-effective method, using a direct frequency modulation (FM) and noncoherent detection (NCD) scheme, to suppress the nonlinear optical effects in dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) optical communication. The FM transmitter comprises a directly modulated distributed feedback laser and a saturable semiconductor optical amplifier. In the NCD receiver, an optical slope filter as the FM to intensity modulation (IM) signal convertor is placed before a conventional photodetector. Because the FM signal has more evenly distributed optical power, bit-pattern-dependent nonlinear effects are consequently suppressed. After analyzing the nonlinear effects in the FM-NCD system and traditional IM direct detection (IM-DD) system, we found that the minimum achievable BER of the proposed FM-NCD scheme is 40 dB smaller. Moreover, a 2 Tbps (10 Gb/s × 200 channels) capacity was achieved by the FM-NCD system in 100 km DWDM passive optical networks (PONs), which is twice the capacity of the IM-DD system (10 Gb/s × 100 channels) under the same condition. These results indicate that WDM-PONs with the cost-effective FM-NCD scheme are strong candidates for future broad access networks and show great potential for the combination of optical access and metro networks for future generations of PONs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Transmission Systems)
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8 pages, 1628 KiB  
Communication
Combined Optical Fiber Transmission System Based on QNSC and BER-LM
by Xiaokun Yang, Xiangqing Wang, Dongfei Wang, Lan Zhang, Zufang Yang, Han Zhu and Baohong Wu
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 154; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020154 - 02 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1072
Abstract
A quantum noise stream cipher (QNSC) is a physical layer encryption technology based on quantum noise. Bit error rate loopback measurement (BER-LM) is a method to measure the BER of a loopback channel and extract channel characteristics. Then, channel characteristics can be extracted, [...] Read more.
A quantum noise stream cipher (QNSC) is a physical layer encryption technology based on quantum noise. Bit error rate loopback measurement (BER-LM) is a method to measure the BER of a loopback channel and extract channel characteristics. Then, channel characteristics can be extracted, and consensus keys can be obtained through negotiation. In previous studies, encryption and key distribution were implemented in independent channels. In this paper, we propose a scheme that combines these two technologies in a single fiber channel to achieve encrypted transmission and key distribution. We verified a 20 Gbps QPSK coherent optical transmission system with a PSK/QNSC scheme. The results show that by reasonably setting the negotiation bit position, the consensus key could be obtained through negotiation, and the requirements of transmission performance could be met. When the negotiation bit position was set to seven, the Q-factor of the system was nine, which met the error-free condition of the 7% forward error correction (FEC) limit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Transmission Systems)
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8 pages, 3931 KiB  
Communication
Power-over-Fiber with Simultaneous Transmission of Optical Carrier for a High Frequency Analog Signal over Standard Single-Mode Fiber
by Andrei Varlamov, Peter Agruzov, Mikhail Parfenov, Aleksandr Tronev, Igor Ilichev, Anna Usikova and Aleksandr Shamrai
Photonics 2023, 10(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10010017 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1273
Abstract
Efficient simultaneous transmission of light with a power of more than 2 W at a wavelength of 976 nm and an optical carrier for transmitting a high-frequency analog signal at a wavelength of 1550 nm over a distance of 1 km over a [...] Read more.
Efficient simultaneous transmission of light with a power of more than 2 W at a wavelength of 976 nm and an optical carrier for transmitting a high-frequency analog signal at a wavelength of 1550 nm over a distance of 1 km over a standard single-mode fiber was experimentally demonstrated. Electrical power up to 350 mW (5 V, 70 mA) was obtained from a multi-junction silicon photocell, resulting in the optical transmission efficiency of about 70% and a photocell efficiency of 25%. The power transmission did not affect the transmission of the high frequency analog signal. Key broadband analog transmission characteristics such as noise figure (NF < 25 dB) and spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR3 > 117 dB/Hz2/3) were achieved and were close to the fundamental shot noise limit. This approach is promising for powering a remote antenna unit in optical fronthaul architecture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Transmission Systems)
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7 pages, 897 KiB  
Communication
Influence of the Width of Launch Beam Distribution on the Transmission Performance of Seven-Core Polymer-Clad Silica Fibers
by Svetislav Savović, Alexandar Djordjevich, Konstantinos Aidinis and Rui Min
Photonics 2022, 9(9), 645; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090645 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1168
Abstract
We propose a space division multiplexing (SDM) in a newly constructed multicore polymer-clad silica fiber (PCSF) with seven cores arrayed in a hexagonal array, each carrying a centrally launched beam. This enables a higher SDM capacity at longer fiber lengths in the proposed [...] Read more.
We propose a space division multiplexing (SDM) in a newly constructed multicore polymer-clad silica fiber (PCSF) with seven cores arrayed in a hexagonal array, each carrying a centrally launched beam. This enables a higher SDM capacity at longer fiber lengths in the proposed seven-core PCSF if compared with previously proposed angular division multiplexing (ADM) in single-core (SC) PCSF. As a result, the SDM is not limited to short fiber lengths in the proposed seven-core PCSF, as it is in the case of the ADM channels due to mode coupling in the SC PCSF. In addition, the time-independent power flow equation (TI PFE) is used to analyze the effect of the width of the launch beam distribution on the equilibrium mode distribution (EMD) and steady state distribution (SSD) in each of the seven cores of the investigated PCSF. The width of the launch beam distribution has a considerable impact on the fiber length at which the EMD and SSD are attained, according to our numerical results. Thus, by decreasing the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the launch beam distribution from 20 to 2°, the length at which EMD is established increases from Lc = 1020 to 1250 m, and the length at which SSD is attained increases from zs = 2650 to 3250 m. A narrow launch beam distribution leads to higher bandwidth at small and intermediate fiber lengths. On the other hand, at shorter fiber lengths, a wider launch beam distribution induces a bandwidth change from 1/z proportional to 1/z1/2 proportional curve, e.g., a slower bandwidth reduction. When building a multicore optical fiber transmission system for SDM, such characterization of multicore PCSFs under various launch conditions should be taken into account. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Transmission Systems)
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