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Special Issue "Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine"

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2023 | Viewed by 6653

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lucia Baldino

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Guest Editor

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: nanotechnology; liposomes; niosomes; transfersomes; aerogels; biomaterials, nanomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanosomes are small vesicles that are used in precision nanomedicine to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific cells or tissues. They are designed to improve the efficacy and safety of drug delivery systems. Nanosomes have a unique structure consisting of a liposomal bilayer around a hydrophilic core. The core contains either a therapeutic drug or a functional biomolecule that can selectively target specific cells or tissues. The use of nanosomes in precision nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and infectious diseases. These nanovesicles can pass through biological barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier, and target specific cells or tissues, thus reducing the side effects associated with traditional drug delivery systems. Furthermore, nanosomes can be modified to carry multiple therapeutic drugs, allowing for personalized medicine tailored to individual patient's needs. Thanks to the continuous research and development, nanosomes represent a promise in revolutionizing the way to treat diseases, improving patients' lives through precision nanomedicine.

This special issue aims to collect reviews and papers on new advances or breakthroughs in the design, synthesis, production methods, fundamental understanding and applications of Nanosomes. We welcome outstanding researchers from all over the world to submit their latest, original and innovative works to the journal before the submission deadline.

Dr. Lucia Baldino
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

nanosomes
nanomedicine
liposomes, niosomes
transfersomes
exosomes
nanocarrier
drug delivery
targeted delivery
disease treatment
cancer therapy

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3182 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Production of Antioxidant Transfersomes by a Supercritical CO₂ Assisted Process for Transdermal Delivery Applications

Raffaella Squittieri

Lucia Baldino

and

Ernesto Reverchon

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(12), 1812; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13121812 - 06 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 744

Abstract

Transfersomes are deformable vesicles that can transport drugs across difficult-to-permeate barriers in human tissues. In this work, nano-transfersomes were produced for the first time by a supercritical CO₂ assisted process. Operating at 100 bar and 40 °C, different amounts of phosphatidylcholine (2000 and 3000 mg), kinds of edge activators (Span^® 80 and Tween^® 80), and phosphatidylcholine to edge activator weight ratio (95:5, 90:10, 80:20) were tested. Formulations prepared using Span^® 80 and phosphatidylcholine at an 80:20 weight ratio produced stable transfersomes (−30.4 ± 2.4 mV ζ-potential) that were characterized by a mean diameter of 138 ± 55 nm. A prolonged ascorbic acid release of up to 5 h was recorded when the largest amount of phosphatidylcholine (3000 mg) was used. Moreover, a 96% ascorbic acid encapsulation efficiency and a quasi-100% DPPH radical scavenging activity of transfersomes were measured after supercritical processing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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21 pages, 5067 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Catalytic Nanomedicine as a Therapeutic Approach to Brain Tumors: Main Hypotheses for Mechanisms of Action

Tessy López-Goerne

and

Francisco J. Padilla-Godínez

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(9), 1541; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091541 - 04 May 2023

Viewed by 1067

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary malignant tumor of the brain. Although there are currently a wide variety of therapeutic approaches focused on tumor elimination, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and tumor field therapy, among others, the main approach involves surgery to remove the GBM. However, since tumor growth occurs in normal brain tissue, complete removal is impossible, and patients end up requiring additional treatments after surgery. In this line, Catalytic Nanomedicine has achieved important advances in developing bionanocatalysts, brain-tissue-biocompatible catalytic nanostructures capable of destabilizing the genetic material of malignant cells, causing their apoptosis. Previous work has demonstrated the efficacy of bionanocatalysts and their selectivity for cancer cells without affecting surrounding healthy tissue cells. The present review provides a detailed description of these nanoparticles and their potential mechanisms of action as antineoplastic agents, covering the most recent research and hypotheses from their incorporation into the tumor bed, internalization via endocytosis, specific chemotaxis by mitochondrial and nuclear genetic material, and activation of programmed cell death. In addition, a case report of a patient with GBM treated with the bionanocatalysts following tumor removal surgery is described. Finally, the gaps in knowledge that must be bridged before the clinical translation of these compounds with such a promising future are detailed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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17 pages, 7671 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fabrication of Poly Dopamine@poly (Lactic Acid-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanohybrids for Cancer Therapy via a Triple Collaboration Strategy

and

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(9), 1447; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091447 - 24 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1096

Abstract

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor among women and has a higher risk of early recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. Systemic chemotherapy is still the most widely used treatment for patients with breast cancer. However, unavoidable side effects and acquired resistance severely limit the efficacy of treatment. The multi-drug combination strategy has been identified as an effective tumor therapy pattern. In this investigation, we demonstrated a triple collaboration strategy of incorporating the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and anti-angiogenesis agent combretastatin A4 (CA4) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based co-delivery nanohybrids (PLGA/DC NPs) via an improved double emulsion technology, and then a polydopamine (PDA) was modified on the PLGA/DC NPs’ surface through the self-assembly method for photothermal therapy. In the drug-loaded PDA co-delivery nanohybrids (PDA@PLGA/DC NPs), DOX and CA4 synergistically induced tumor cell apoptosis by interfering with DNA replication and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, respectively. The controlled release of DOX and CA4-loaded PDA@PLGA NPs in the tumor region was pH dependent and triggered by the hyperthermia generated via laser irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that PDA@PLGA/DC NPs enhanced cytotoxicity under laser irradiation, and combined therapeutic effects were obtained when DOX, CA4, and PDA were integrated into a single nanoplatform. Taken together, the present study demonstrates a nanoplatform for combined DOX, CA4, and photothermal therapy, providing a potentially promising strategy for the synergistic treatment of breast cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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13 pages, 1698 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Solution of the Drug Resistance Problem of Escherichia coli with Silver Nanoparticles: Efflux Effect and Susceptibility to 31 Antibiotics

Roberto Luna Vazquez-Gomez

Alexey Pestryakov

and

Nina Bogdanchikova

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(6), 1088; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13061088 - 17 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1028

Abstract

The current work is a continuation of our studies focused on the application of nanoparticles of metallic silver (AgNPs) to address the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In vivo, fieldwork was carried out with 200 breeding cows with serous mastitis. Ex vivo analyses showed that after the cow was treated with an antibiotic-containing drug Dienomast^TM, E. coli sensibility to 31 antibiotics decreased by 27.3%, but after treatment with AgNPs, it increased by 21.2%. This could be explained by the 8.9% increase in the portion of isolates showing an efflux effect after Dienomast^TM treatment, while treatment with Argovit-C^TM resulted in a 16.0% drop. We verified the likeness of these results with our previous ones on S. aureus and Str. dysgalactiae isolates from mastitis cows processed with antibiotic-containing medicines and Argovit-C^TM AgNPs. The obtained results contribute to the recent struggle to restore the efficiency of antibiotics and to preserve the wide range of antibiotics on the world market. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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25 pages, 44880 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

ROS- and pH-Responsive Polydopamine Functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x MXene-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Nanocarriers with High Antibacterial Activity

and

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(24), 4392; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12244392 - 09 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1696

Abstract

Premature drug release and poor controllability is a challenge in the practical application of tumor therapy, which may lead to poor chemotherapy efficacy and severe adverse effects. In this study, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable nanoparticle system (MXene-TK-DOX@PDA) was designed for effective chemotherapy drug delivery and antibacterial applications. Doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to the surface of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized MXene via an ROS-cleavable diacetoxyl thioketal (TK) linkage. Subsequently, the surfaces of the MXene nanosheets were coated with pH-responsive polydopamine (PDA) as a gatekeeper. PDA endowed the MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles with superior biocompatibility and stability. The MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles had an ultrathin planar structure and a small lateral size of approximately 180 nm. The as-synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency, superior photothermal stability, and a remarkable extinction coefficient (23.3 L g⁻¹ cm⁻¹ at 808 nm). DOX exhibited both efficient ROS-responsive and pH-responsive release performance from MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles due to the cleavage of the thioketal linker. In addition, MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles displayed high antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) within 5 h. Taken together, we hope that MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles will enrich the drug delivery system and significantly expand their applications in the biomedical field Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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Review

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34 pages, 11250 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances of Composite Nanomaterials for Antibiofilm Application

and

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(19), 2725; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13192725 - 08 Oct 2023

Viewed by 719

Abstract

A biofilm is a microbial community formed by bacteria that adsorb on the surface of tissues or materials and is wrapped in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids. As a protective barrier, the EPS can not only prevent the penetration of antibiotics and other antibacterial agents into the biofilm, but also protect the bacteria in the biofilm from the attacks of the human immune system, making it difficult to eradicate biofilm-related infections and posing a serious threat to public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new and efficient antibiofilm drugs. Although natural enzymes (lysozyme, peroxidase, etc.) and antimicrobial peptides have excellent bactericidal activity, their low stability in the physiological environment and poor permeability in biofilms limit their application in antibiofilms. With the development of materials science, more and more nanomaterials are being designed to be utilized for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. Nanomaterials have great application prospects in antibiofilm because of their good biocompati-bility, unique physical and chemical properties, adjustable nanostructure, high permeability and non-proneness to induce bacterial resistance. In this review, with the application of composite nanomaterials in antibiofilms as the theme, we summarize the research progress of three types of composite nanomaterials, including organic composite materials, inorganic materials and organic–inorganic hybrid materials, used as antibiofilms with non-phototherapy and phototherapy modes of action. At the same time, the challenges and development directions of these composite nanomaterials in antibiofilm therapy are also discussed. It is expected we will provide new ideas for the design of safe and efficient antibiofilm materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanosomes in Precision Nanomedicine)

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