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Metals
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Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys
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Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Metals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 16015

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alexandra C. Alves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CMEMS-UMinho – Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems, Universidade do Minho, Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
Interests: biomaterials; corrosion; tribocorrosion; Ti surface modifications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ti and its alloys present a set of more attractive properties than other metallic materials, due to its high biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and excellent corrosion resistance making these materials very promising to use in different applications in biomedical, automotive, and aerospace industries.

Ti and its alloys’ excellent corrosion behavior is due to spontaneous compactification and protective nanometric oxide layer formed at its surface, mainly TiO2, when in contact with air. However, the low wear resistance of that layer is a concern.

Tribocorrosion is defined as a combined action between corrosion and mechanical actions, and it affects a large number of engineering systems such as biomedical devices, cutting/drilling tools or transportation industries. Thus, tribocorrosion plays an important role on the lifetime of these systems.

Tribocorrosion is an interdisciplinary topic which embraces different fields of research such as materials science, physics, chemistry, mechanical, and biomedical engineering. Thus, the Special Issue aims to provide the state-of-the-art findings on corrosion and tribocorrosion behavior of Ti alloys ranging from biomedical to automotive or aerospace applications. Accordingly, the Special Issue will gather papers dealing with novel and progressive research, together with review papers giving an overview and new insights into corrosion, fretting, and tribocorrosion behavior of Ti Alloys.

Dr. Alexandra C. Alves
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • titanium alloys
  • corrosion
  • wear
  • tribocorrosion

Published Papers (5 papers)

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17 pages, 4968 KiB  
Article
Improved Tribocorrosion Behavior Obtained by In-Situ Precipitation of Ti2C in Ti-Nb Alloy
by Vinícius Richieri Manso Gonçalves, Ihsan Çaha, Alexandra Cruz Alves, Fatih Toptan and Luís Augusto Rocha
Metals 2022, 12(6), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12060908 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2190
Abstract
Novel in-situ Ti-based matrix composites (TMCs) were developed through the reactive hot pressing of Ti + NbC powder blends. Due to the chemical reaction that occurred in the solid-state during processing, the produced samples were composed of an Nb-rich β-Ti phase that formed [...] Read more.
Novel in-situ Ti-based matrix composites (TMCs) were developed through the reactive hot pressing of Ti + NbC powder blends. Due to the chemical reaction that occurred in the solid-state during processing, the produced samples were composed of an Nb-rich β-Ti phase that formed a metallic matrix along with Ti2C as a reinforcing phase. By employing different proportions of Ti:NbC, the phase composition of the alloys was designed to contain different ratios of α-Ti and β-Ti. The present work investigated the corrosion and tribocorrosion behavior of the composites, compared to unreinforced Ti, in a phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) at body temperature. Corrosion tests included potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Tribocorrosion tests were carried out using a ball-on-plate tribometer with sliding performed at open circuit potential (OCP) and under anodic potentiostatic conditions. Results showed that the stabilization of the β phase in the matrix led to a decrease in the hardness. However, the formation of the in-situ reinforcing phase significantly improved the tribocorrosion behavior of the composites due to a load-carrying effect, lowering the corrosion tendency and kinetics under sliding. Furthermore, localized corrosion was not observed at the interface between the reinforcing phase and the matrix. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys)
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18 pages, 5927 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Behavior and Surface Conductivity of C/TiC Nanocomposite Coating on Titanium for PEMFC Bipolar Plate
by Wei Meng, Haifeng Zhu, Xiaopeng Wang, Guanghui Li, Yingze Fan, Deen Sun and Fantao Kong
Metals 2022, 12(5), 771; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050771 - 29 Apr 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2417
Abstract
In this study, a C/TiC nanocomposite coating has been prepared by magnetron sputtering technology and vacuum heat treatment technology on a titanium surface, which is used for bipolar plates (BPs) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This prepared C/TiC nanocomposite coating [...] Read more.
In this study, a C/TiC nanocomposite coating has been prepared by magnetron sputtering technology and vacuum heat treatment technology on a titanium surface, which is used for bipolar plates (BPs) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This prepared C/TiC nanocomposite coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical testing and interfacial contact resistance (ICR). The results show that a C/TiC nanocomposite coating consists of a single C surface layer (~28.88 nm) and TiC interface layer (~19.5 nm). In addition, compared with commercially pure titanium substrate (icorr = 345.10 μA cm−2), the corrosion resistance of a C/TiC nanocomposite coating (icorr = 0.74 μA cm−2) was greatly improved in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 5 ppm HF solution at 80 °C. The corrosion current density (icorr) decreased 3 orders of magnitude in a simulated cathodic environment. Moreover, the interfacial contact resistance of a C/TiC nanocomposite coating is 2.34 mΩ cm2 under 1.4 MPa compaction force, which is much lower than that of raw CP Ti (38.66 mΩ cm2). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys)
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11 pages, 8159 KiB  
Article
Influence of Calcium Acetate Concentration in Electrolyte on Tribocorrosion Behaviour of MAO Treated Titanium
by Luís Sousa, Ana Rita Mendes, Ana Maria Pires Pinto, Fatih Toptan and Alexandra Cruz Alves
Metals 2021, 11(12), 1985; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121985 - 9 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2690
Abstract
Ti-based materials are widely used for dental and orthopaedic implant applications due to their adequate mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and biocompatibility. However, these materials are biologically inert and display poor wear resistance. In one of the most studied processes that aims to overcome [...] Read more.
Ti-based materials are widely used for dental and orthopaedic implant applications due to their adequate mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and biocompatibility. However, these materials are biologically inert and display poor wear resistance. In one of the most studied processes that aims to overcome these drawbacks, Ti surfaces are often covered by anodic oxide films with the incorporation of bioactive agents such as Ca and P. Although there are several works on the tribocorrosion behaviour of MAO-treated Ti surfaces, the influence of electrolyte composition on the corrosion kinetics under sliding is yet to be fully understood. In the present work, anodic oxide films were produced on cp-Ti surfaces with different calcium acetate concentrations in the electrolyte. Tribocorrosion behaviour was investigated by reciprocating sliding tests performed in 8 g/L NaCl solution at body temperature, under potentiostatic conditions. The results showed that higher concentrations of calcium acetate had a detrimental effect on tribocorrosion kinetics, however, they resulted in less mechanical damage due to alterations in the topography and structure of the MAO layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys)
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22 pages, 91175 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Ti-Al-V Titanium Alloys Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering
by Aleksey Nokhrin, Pavel Andreev, Maksim Boldin, Vladimir Chuvil’deev, Mikhail Chegurov, Ksenia Smetanina, Mikhail Gryaznov, Sergey Shotin, Artem Nazarov, Gleb Shcherbak, Artem Murashov and Galina Nagicheva
Metals 2021, 11(6), 945; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11060945 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3750
Abstract
The research results of the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ti and Ti-Al-V Russian industrial titanium alloys obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) are described. Investigations of the microstructure, phase composition, hardness, tensile strength, electrochemical corrosion resistance and hot salt corrosion of Ti-Al-V [...] Read more.
The research results of the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ti and Ti-Al-V Russian industrial titanium alloys obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) are described. Investigations of the microstructure, phase composition, hardness, tensile strength, electrochemical corrosion resistance and hot salt corrosion of Ti-Al-V titanium alloy specimens were carried out. It was shown that the alloy specimens have a uniform highly dense microstructure and high hardness values. The studied alloys also have high resistance to electrochemical corrosion during tests in acidic aqueous solution causing the intergranular corrosion as well as high resistance to the hot salt corrosion. The assumption that the high hardness of the alloys as well as the differences in the corrosion resistance of the central and lateral parts of the specimens are due to the diffusion of carbon from the graphite mold into the specimen surface was suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys)
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23 pages, 10154 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Noise Analysis of the Corrosion of Titanium Alloys in NaCl and H2SO4 Solutions
by Jesús Manuel Jáquez-Muñoz, Citlalli Gaona-Tiburcio, Jose Cabral-Miramontes, Demetrio Nieves-Mendoza, Erick Maldonado-Bandala, Javier Olguín-Coca, Luis Daimir López-Léon, Juan Pablo Flores-De los Rios and Facundo Almeraya-Calderón
Metals 2021, 11(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11010105 - 7 Jan 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 3961
Abstract
Titanium alloys have been used in aerospace, aeronautic, automotive, biomedical, structural, and other applications because titanium alloys have less density than materials like steel and support higher stress than Al-alloys. However, components made of titanium alloys are exposed to corrosive environments, the most [...] Read more.
Titanium alloys have been used in aerospace, aeronautic, automotive, biomedical, structural, and other applications because titanium alloys have less density than materials like steel and support higher stress than Al-alloys. However, components made of titanium alloys are exposed to corrosive environments, the most common being industrial and marine atmospheres. This research shows the corrosion behavior of three titanium alloys, specifically Ti-CP2, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, and Ti-6Al-4V with α, near α, and α + β alloys phases. Alloys were exposed in two electrolytes to a 3.5 wt. % H2SO4 and NaCl solution at room temperature, and their electrochemical behavior was studied by electrochemical noise technique (EN) according to ASTM ASTM-G199 standard. EN signal was filtered by three different methods, and the polynomial method was employed to obtain Rn, kurtosis, skew, and the potential spectral density analysis (PSD). The wavelets method was used, from which energy dispersion plots were obtained. The last method was Hilbert–Huang Transform (HHT), where Hilbert Spectra were analyzed. Results indicated that Rn compared with PSD showed that Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo presented less dissolution in both electrolytes. Statistical methods showed that the passive layer created on Ti alloys’ surfaces is unstable; this condition is notable for Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo in NaCl solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Ti Alloys)
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