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Metabolites
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Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism
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Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Lipid Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2021) | Viewed by 13296

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Beate Fuchs

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Core Facility Metabolomics, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
Interests: regulation of lipid metabolism; lipidomics; metabolomics; mass spectrometry and analytics (GC-MS/MS, MALDI-TOF MS, TLC, HR-ESI-MS/MS)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Based on technological developments of the last decade, including progress with analytical techniques and informatics for data processing, lipidomics has become an important part of metabolomics research. There are many lipidomics-driven studies; such studies range from the fundamental to the applied sciences in the fields of plant, agriculture, food, microbes, pharmaceutics, and medicine. To identify and quantify lipid species, researchers are taking advantage of recent developments in the area of lipidomics, mainly involving mass spectrometry and further techniques, such as chromatographic separations but also NMR spectroscopy.

This Special Issue of Metabolites, “Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism”, will be dedicated to in-depth applications of lipidomics techniques to the applied sciences and cutting-edge technological development for detailed analytics, both from a fundamental and an applied point of view. The topics that will be covered by this Special Issue include the following: quality control of foods, traditional medicines, microbial metabolism, identification of novel lipid functions, biomarker discovery for diseases diagnosis and pharmaceutical development, lipidomics flux analysis using stable isotopes, single-cell analysis requiring a sensitive quantification of diverse lipids in tiny samples, empirical and computational methods of annotating lipids, imaging of lipids and the mathematical modeling of lipid metabolism. Manuscripts dealing with other challenging issues are also highly desired.

Dr. Beate Fuchs
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lipidomics
  • phospholipids
  • lipids
  • fatty acids
  • mass spectrometry
  • liquid chromatography
  • gas chromatography

Published Papers (5 papers)

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11 pages, 3444 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Normalization Approaches for Quantitative Analysis of Bile Acids in Human Feces
by Hans-Frieder Schött, Esther W. L. Chua, Sartaj Ahmad Mir, Bo Burla, Anne K. Bendt and Markus R. Wenk
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 723; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12080723 - 05 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of bile acids in human feces can potentially help to better understand the influence of the gut microbiome and diet on human health. Feces is a highly heterogeneous sample matrix, mainly consisting of water and indigestible solid material (as plant fibers) [...] Read more.
Quantitative analysis of bile acids in human feces can potentially help to better understand the influence of the gut microbiome and diet on human health. Feces is a highly heterogeneous sample matrix, mainly consisting of water and indigestible solid material (as plant fibers) that show high inter-individual variability. To compare bile acid concentrations among different individuals, a reliable normalization approach is needed. Here, we compared the impact of three normalization approaches, namely sample wet weight, dry weight, and protein concentration, on the absolute concentrations of fecal bile acids. Bile acid concentrations were determined in 70 feces samples from healthy humans. Our data show that bile acid concentrations normalized by the three different approaches are substantially different for each individual sample. Fecal bile acid concentrations normalized by wet weight show the narrowest distribution. Therefore, our analysis will provide the basis for the selection of a suitable normalization approach for the quantitative analysis of bile acids in feces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism)
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20 pages, 4181 KiB  
Article
Unusual Lipid Components of Legionella gormanii Membranes
by Elżbieta Chmiel, Christina E. Galuska, Piotr Koper, Bożena Kowalczyk, Teresa Urbanik-Sypniewska, Marta Palusińska-Szysz and Beate Fuchs
Metabolites 2022, 12(5), 418; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12050418 - 06 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1881
Abstract
Legionella spp. cause Legionnaires’ disease with pneumonia as the predominant clinical symptom. L. gormanii is the second most prevalent causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia after L. pneumophila. The study aimed to characterize the lipidome of L. gormanii membranes and the importance of [...] Read more.
Legionella spp. cause Legionnaires’ disease with pneumonia as the predominant clinical symptom. L. gormanii is the second most prevalent causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia after L. pneumophila. The study aimed to characterize the lipidome of L. gormanii membranes and the importance of these analyses in bacterial chemotaxonomy. Lipidomic analyses based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed the detection of individual molecular species of a wide range of L. gormanii membrane lipids contained in the outer (OM) and inner membranes (IM). The lipid profile comprised glycerolipids (triglycerides, diglycerides), phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin), and sphingolipids (ceramides, hexosylceramides). The most abundant lipid fraction in the IM and OM were phospholipids. The lipidomic analysis showed that two independent phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis pathways operating in L. gormanii: the PE-methylation (PmtA) pathway and the PC synthase (Pcs) pathway. Comparison of the molecular profile of PC species contained in the lipids of L. gormanii membranes cultured on the medium, with and without exogenous choline, showed quantitative differences in the PC pool. An unusual feature of the L. gormanii lipids was the presence of ceramides and hexosylceramides, which are typical components of eukaryotic cells and a very small group of bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of ceramides in Legionella bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism)
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14 pages, 2140 KiB  
Article
A Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry-Based Method for the Quantification of Short Chain Fatty Acids
by Julia K. Rohde, Marceline M. Fuh, Ioannis Evangelakos, Mira J. Pauly, Nicola Schaltenberg, Francesco Siracusa, Nicola Gagliani, Klaus Tödter, Joerg Heeren and Anna Worthmann
Metabolites 2022, 12(2), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12020170 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4181
Abstract
Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) are produced by the gut microbiota and are present in varying concentrations in the intestinal lumen, in feces but also in the circulatory system. By interacting with different cell types in the body, they have a great impact [...] Read more.
Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) are produced by the gut microbiota and are present in varying concentrations in the intestinal lumen, in feces but also in the circulatory system. By interacting with different cell types in the body, they have a great impact on host metabolism and their exact quantification is indispensable. Here, we present a derivatization-free method for the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based quantification of SCFAs in plasma, feces, cecum, liver and adipose tissue. SCFAs were extracted using ethanol and concentrated by alkaline vacuum centrifugation. To allow volatility for separation by GC, samples were acidified with succinic acid. Analytes were detected in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode and quantified using deuterated internal standards and external calibration curves. Method validation rendered excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99 for most analytes), good recovery rates (95–117%), and good reproducibility (RSD: 1–4.5%). Matrix effects were ruled out in plasma, feces, cecum, liver and fat tissues where most abundant SCFAs were detected and accurately quantified. Finally, applicability of the method was assessed using samples derived from conventionally raised versus germ-free mice or mice treated with antibiotics. Altogether, a reliable, fast, derivatization-free GC-MS method for the quantification of SCFAs in different biological matrices was developed allowing for the study of the (patho)physiological role of SCFAs in metabolic health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism)
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17 pages, 932 KiB  
Article
Lipid Metabolism, Carcass Characteristics and Longissimus dorsi Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Tropical Crossbred Beef Cattle in Response to Desmanthus spp. Forage Backgrounding
by Felista W. Mwangi, David J. C. Blignaut, Edward Charmley, Christopher P. Gardiner, Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli, Robert T. Kinobe and Aduli E. O. Malau-Aduli
Metabolites 2021, 11(12), 804; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11120804 - 27 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2095
Abstract
Lipid metabolism, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle were evaluated in tropical crossbred steers backgrounded on Desmanthus spp. (desmanthus) with or without feedlot finishing. It was hypothesized that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with [...] Read more.
Lipid metabolism, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle were evaluated in tropical crossbred steers backgrounded on Desmanthus spp. (desmanthus) with or without feedlot finishing. It was hypothesized that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce carcasses with similar characteristics and FA composition. Forty-eight Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers were backgrounded for 140 days on Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay augmented with 0, 15, 30 or 45 percent desmanthus on dry matter basis. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay was added to the 0, 15 and 30 percent desmanthus diets to ensure that they were isonitrogenous with the 45 percent desmanthus diet. After backgrounding, the two heaviest steers in each pen were slaughtered and the rest were finished in the feedlot for 95 days before slaughter. Muscle biopsy samples were taken at the beginning and end of the backgrounding phase. Carcasses were sampled at slaughter for intramuscular fat (IMF) content, fat melting point (FMP) and FA composition analyses. Increasing the proportion of desmanthus in the diet led to a linear increase in docosanoic acid (p = 0.04) and omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFA; p = 0.01), while docosahexaenoic acid decreased linearly (p = 0.01). Feedlot finishing increased hot carcass weight, subcutaneous fat depth at the P8 site and dressing percentage (p ≤ 0.04). The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was within the recommended < 5 for human diets. IMF was within the consumer-preferred ≥3% level for palatability. The hypothesis that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce similar carcass characteristics and FA composition was accepted. These findings indicate that a combination of tropical beef cattle backgrounding on desmanthus augmented forage and short-term feedlot finishing produces healthy and highly palatable meat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism)
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9 pages, 2018 KiB  
Brief Report
Lipid Alterations in African American Men with Prostate Cancer
by Anindita Ravindran, Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna, Jie Gohlke, Vasanta Putluri, Tanu Soni, Stacy Lloyd, Patricia Castro, Subramaniam Pennathur, Jeffrey A. Jones, Michael Ittmann, Nagireddy Putluri, George Michailidis, Thekkelnaycke M. Rajendiran and Arun Sreekumar
Metabolites 2022, 12(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12010008 - 22 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2602
Abstract
African-American (AA) men are more than twice as likely to die of prostate cancer (PCa) than European American (EA) men. Previous in silico analysis revealed enrichment of altered lipid metabolic pathways in pan-cancer AA tumors. Here, we performed global unbiased lipidomics profiling on [...] Read more.
African-American (AA) men are more than twice as likely to die of prostate cancer (PCa) than European American (EA) men. Previous in silico analysis revealed enrichment of altered lipid metabolic pathways in pan-cancer AA tumors. Here, we performed global unbiased lipidomics profiling on 48 matched localized PCa and benign adjacent tissues (30 AA, 24 ancestry-verified, and 18 EA, 8 ancestry verified) and quantified 429 lipids belonging to 14 lipid classes. Significant alterations in long chain polyunsaturated lipids were observed between PCa and benign adjacent tissues, low and high Gleason tumors, as well as associated with early biochemical recurrence, both in the entire cohort, and within AA patients. Alterations in cholesteryl esters, and phosphatidyl inositol classes of lipids delineated AA and EA PCa, while the levels of lipids belonging to triglycerides, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidic acid, and cholesteryl esters distinguished AA and EA PCa patients with biochemical recurrence. These first-in-field results implicate lipid alterations as biological factors for prostate cancer disparities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography Based Analytics in Lipid Metabolism)
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