Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
3.5
2.4
Journals
Mathematics
Special Issues
Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing
share announcement

Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing

A special issue of Mathematics (ISSN 2227-7390). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering Mathematics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 11170

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhongkai Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: tunnel engineering; numerical modeling in geotechnical engineering; vulnerability assessment; probabilistic risk analysis; resilience engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dongming Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: machine learning; big data in tunneling; tunnel mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xing-Tao Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
Interests: resilience evaluation; shield tunneling; soil arching effect; earth pressure calculation
Dr. Dianchun Du

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, No.2, Southeast University Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211189, China
Interests: analytical and numerical modeling in geotechnical engineering; design of underground and surface excavations; geotechnical engineering; analysis of earth pressure for shallow tunnel; the stability of tunnel face; slope stability and bearing capacity of foundation; design of non-circular tunnel; ocean geotechnical engineering
Dr. Jin-Zhang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: stratum uncertainty; machine learning; soil spatial variability; coupling effect; probabilistic analysis; tunneling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As big cities become increasingly full, there is a growing demand for infrastructures, i.e., buildings, bridges, rail transit, pipelines and utility tunnels. These facilities function as cross-scale complex network systems, and their serviceability is closely related to human life in terms of transportation, water conveyance and energy supply. However, coupled with unseen stratum and uncertain environments, any small variants in the system could accumulate risks of failure once facing extreme impacts. Such accidents have been reported repeatedly all around the world, resulting in tremendous economic and social losses. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the resilience of the infrastructure using multiple modern mathematical technologies. The National Academy of Sciences of the United States defines resilience as the ability to prevent, bear, recover and adapt to adverse events. Thus, resilient infrastructure must be capable of avoiding catastrophic engineering failures and recovering its serviceability rapidly. We propose this issue in an attempt to build a stage for communicating the most recent progress in achieving resilient infrastructure via advanced mathematical modeling, risk assessment and smart sensing technologies. It is believed that building resilient infrastructures will establish a more resilient and sustainably city.

This Special Issue focuses on the latest developments in the mathematical modeling of engineering problems, assessment and smart sensing of essential infrastructures. New insights into the scientific knowledge or engineering practice in infrastructure resilience assessment and enhancement are also welcomed. We invite you to contribute and submit your latest research work.

Dr. Zhong-Kai Huang
Prof. Dr. Dongming Zhang
Dr. Xing-Tao Lin
Dr. Dianchun DU
Dr. Jin-Zhang Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Mathematics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • earthquake
  • flood
  • fire
  • typhoon
  • surcharge
  • excavation
  • mathematical calculation method
  • mathematical modeling of engineering problems
  • damage analysis and assessment
  • soil spatial variability
  • engineering mathematics
  • probabilistic analysis
  • numerical modeling
  • risk assessment models
  • resilience assessment
  • machine learning
  • smart sensing
  • performance-based assessment

Published Papers (10 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 175 KiB  
Editorial
Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment, and Smart Sensing
by Zhongkai Huang, Dongming Zhang, Xingtao Lin, Dianchun Du and Jinzhang Zhang
Mathematics 2023, 11(23), 4816; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11234816 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 610
Abstract
As big cities become more dense, there is a growing demand for infrastructures, i [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

13 pages, 5606 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Asynchronous Grouting Pressure Distribution on Ultra-Large-Diameter Shield Tunnel Segmental Response
by Chen Wang, Ming Song, Min Zhu, Xiangsheng Chen and Xiaohua Bao
Mathematics 2023, 11(21), 4502; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11214502 - 31 Oct 2023
Viewed by 606
Abstract
The complex distribution of synchronous grouting pressure results in excessive tunnel deformation and various structural diseases, especially for ultra-large-diameter shield tunnels. In this study, to reduce the risk of tunnel failure, a three-dimensional refined finite element model was established for the Wuhan Lianghu [...] Read more.
The complex distribution of synchronous grouting pressure results in excessive tunnel deformation and various structural diseases, especially for ultra-large-diameter shield tunnels. In this study, to reduce the risk of tunnel failure, a three-dimensional refined finite element model was established for the Wuhan Lianghu highway tunnel project, taking into account the non-uniform distribution of synchronous grouting pressure. This study focuses on investigating the development patterns of internal forces, deformations, and damages in segment structures under varying grouting pressure ratios. The results indicate that the primary failure mode of a segment is tensile failure occurring at the outer edge of the arch. Moreover, an increased ratio of grouting pressure between the arch bottom and top leads to a higher positive bending moment value and greater tensile damage at the arch waist. The tunnel ring gradually exhibits distinct “horizontal duck egg” shape deformation. When the grouting pressure ratio is 2.8, there is a risk of tensile cracking at the outer edge of the arch waist. At this time, the segment convergence deformation is 39.71 mm, and the overall floating amount reaches 43.12 mm. This research offers engineering reference for the prediction of internal forces and deformations in ultra-large-diameter shield tunnels during grouting construction, thereby facilitating their application in the development of resilient cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 9933 KiB  
Article
Numerical Computing Research on Tunnel Structure Cracking Risk under the Influence of Multiple Factors in Urban Deep Aquifer Zones
by Minglei Ma, Wei Wang, Jianqiu Wu, Lei Han, Min Sun and Yonggang Zhang
Mathematics 2023, 11(16), 3600; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11163600 - 20 Aug 2023
Viewed by 716
Abstract
During the operation period of tunnels in urban deep aquifer zones, the geological environment around the tunnel is complex and the surrounding strata are rich in groundwater, which often poses a risk of structure cracking and groundwater leakage, seriously threatening the tunnel’s safety. [...] Read more.
During the operation period of tunnels in urban deep aquifer zones, the geological environment around the tunnel is complex and the surrounding strata are rich in groundwater, which often poses a risk of structure cracking and groundwater leakage, seriously threatening the tunnel’s safety. To reduce the risk of tunnel cracking, a theoretical calculation model and a three-dimensional concrete–soil interaction thermo-mechanical coupling numerical computing model was established to analyze the tunnel structure cracking risk under the influence of multiple factors in urban deep aquifer zones. The response mechanism of structural stress and deformation under the influence of the grade of rock and soil mass, overburden thickness, temperature difference, structure’s length–height ratio, structure’s thickness, and structure’s elastic modulus was investigated, and the stress and deformation response characteristics of the structure with deformation joints were explored. The results show that the maximum longitudinal tensile stress of the structure increases with the increase in the grade of rock and soil mass, overburden thickness, temperature difference, structure’s length–height ratio, and elastic modulus. The temperature difference has the most significant impact on the longitudinal tensile stress of the structure, with the maximum tensile stress of the structure increasing by 2.8 times. The tunnel deformation joints can effectively reduce the longitudinal tensile stress of the structure, and the reduction magnitude of the tensile stress is the largest at the deformation joints, which is 64.7%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 6727 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Key Structural Parameters for Middle-Buried Rubber Waterstops
by Yimin Wu, Haiping Wu, Chenjie Gong and Le Huang
Mathematics 2023, 11(16), 3546; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11163546 - 16 Aug 2023
Viewed by 648
Abstract
Leakage at the lining joints of mountain tunnels is frequent. According to the waterproofing mechanism of waterstops, it is known that the deformation of middle-buried rubber waterstops under stress in typical operating conditions determines their waterproof performance. In addition to the deformation of [...] Read more.
Leakage at the lining joints of mountain tunnels is frequent. According to the waterproofing mechanism of waterstops, it is known that the deformation of middle-buried rubber waterstops under stress in typical operating conditions determines their waterproof performance. In addition to the deformation of the adjacent lining concrete, the structural parameters of waterstops are the main factors influencing their deformation under stress. This study combines the common structural components of middle-buried waterstops and considers the bond strength between waterstops and the concrete. A localized numerical model of the lining joint is constructed to explore the impact of geometric parameters, such as hole size, number and position of waterstop ribs, and length and thickness of wing plates on the stress-induced deformation and waterproof performance of the waterstops. The effective mechanisms of different components are revealed, and recommended structural parameters are proposed to further optimize the design of middle-buried rubber waterstops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 17976 KiB  
Article
Study on the Reinforcement Mechanism of High-Energy-Level Dynamic Compaction Based on FDM–DEM Coupling
by Yiwei Sun, Kan Huang, Xiangsheng Chen, Dongmei Zhang, Xiaoming Lou, Zhongkai Huang, Kaihang Han and Qijiang Wu
Mathematics 2023, 11(13), 2807; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11132807 - 22 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1092
Abstract
The high-energy-level dynamic compaction method is widely used in various foundation treatment projects, but its reinforcement mechanism still lags behind the practice. In view of this, a three-dimensional fluid–solid coupling dynamic analysis model was established on the basis of the FDM–DEM coupling method. [...] Read more.
The high-energy-level dynamic compaction method is widely used in various foundation treatment projects, but its reinforcement mechanism still lags behind the practice. In view of this, a three-dimensional fluid–solid coupling dynamic analysis model was established on the basis of the FDM–DEM coupling method. The variation trends of crater depth, soil void ratio, vertical additional dynamic stress, and pore water pressure during the process of dynamic compaction were analyzed. The results indicate that the curvature of the crater depth fitting curve gradually decreases with the increase in strike times, tending to a stable value. The initial particle structure is altered by the huge dynamic stress induced by dynamic compaction. As strike times increase, the soil void ratio decreases gradually. The vertical additional dynamic stress is the fundamental reason resulting in foundation compaction. Precipitation preloading before dynamic compaction can improve the reinforcement effect of dynamic compaction, making up for the deficiency that the vertical additional dynamic stress attenuates rapidly along the depth direction. The simulated CPT results illustrate that the modulus of foundation soil can be increased by 3–5 times after dynamic compaction. The research results can provide important reference for similar projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 28503 KiB  
Article
Experimental Research on the Settlement Feature of Two Ground Deformation Modes Induced by Tunnelling
by Qingtao Lin, Caixia Guo, Xu Meng, Hongyu Dong and Fanchao Kong
Mathematics 2023, 11(10), 2351; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11102351 - 18 May 2023
Viewed by 941
Abstract
Two ground deformation modes, i.e., the arching mode and collapsing mode, may be caused by tunnel excavation. However, the development of the ground deformation corresponding to the two modes is unclear. A piece of a model test facility is designed to study the [...] Read more.
Two ground deformation modes, i.e., the arching mode and collapsing mode, may be caused by tunnel excavation. However, the development of the ground deformation corresponding to the two modes is unclear. A piece of a model test facility is designed to study the ground settlement induced by tunnel excavation. Tunnel excavation is realized by decreasing the area of the model tunnel. Two model tests with different soil cohesion are conducted, and the two ground deformation modes form in the two tests, respectively. The former mode is observed at higher soil cohesion while the latter is found to develop at lower soil cohesion. Whether the failure surface develops to the ground surface or not is the most significant difference between the two ground deformation modes. In the two modes, the failure surface occurs at the position where the ground settlement contours distribute densely, and the shape of the failure surface can be described by the semi-oval for both modes. Meanwhile, for both the arching mode and the collapsing mode, Gaussian curves can reasonably describe the ground settlement troughs before the ground surface settlement becomes stable or increases sharply, and distribution of the trough width parameter is similar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 8842 KiB  
Article
Analytical Predictions on the Ground Responses Induced by Shallow Tunneling Adjacent to a Pile Group
by Caixia Guo, Yingying Tao, Fanchao Kong, Leilei Shi, Dechun Lu and Xiuli Du
Mathematics 2023, 11(7), 1608; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11071608 - 27 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1058
Abstract
Prevalent buildings are supported by pile foundations in urban areas, and the importance of nearby excavation prediction is indisputable due to various engineering accidents caused by the density of urban buildings and the complexity of the underground environment. Recently, a case of tunneling [...] Read more.
Prevalent buildings are supported by pile foundations in urban areas, and the importance of nearby excavation prediction is indisputable due to various engineering accidents caused by the density of urban buildings and the complexity of the underground environment. Recently, a case of tunneling adjacent to a pile group has received a lot of attention from the research community and engineers. In this study, a mechanical model of a shallow tunnel adjacent to a pile group is established. The proposed stress-release function is taken as the stress boundary condition of the tunnel periphery. Considering the pile group, the elastic stresses are calculated by complex variable theory, combined with the Mindlin’s solution. Then, the new analytical solutions to stress are obtained to predict the stratum responses induced by tunneling adjacent to the existing pile group loads inside the stratum in a gravity field. Ultimately, this study provides parameters to analyze their influence on ground stress and potential plastic zone, such as the stress release coefficient, pile group locations, and soil parameters. This research provides a theoretical basis for stratum stresses’ prediction in shallow tunneling engineering fields when tunneling adjacent to a pile group, and it can be applied to the construction of resilient cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 5480 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Analysis of Construction Costs of Shield Tunneling in Complex Geological Conditions by Machine Learning Method
by Xiaomu Ye, Pengfei Ding, Dawei Jin, Chuanyue Zhou, Yi Li and Jin Zhang
Mathematics 2023, 11(6), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11061423 - 15 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1300
Abstract
The estimation of construction costs for shield tunneling projects is typically based on a standard quota, which fails to consider the variation of geological parameters and often results in significant differences in unit cost. To address this issue, we propose a novel model [...] Read more.
The estimation of construction costs for shield tunneling projects is typically based on a standard quota, which fails to consider the variation of geological parameters and often results in significant differences in unit cost. To address this issue, we propose a novel model based on a random forest machine learning procedure for analyzing the construction cost of shield tunnelling in complex geological conditions. We focus specifically on the unit consumption of grease, grouting, labor, water, and electricity. Using a dataset of geotechnical parameters and consumption quantities from a shield tunneling project, we employ KNN and correlation analysis to reduce the input dataset dimension from 17 to 6 for improved model accuracy and efficiency. Our proposed approach is applied to a shield tunneling project, with results showing that the compressive strength of geomaterial is the most influential parameter for grease, labor, water, and electricity, while it is the second most influential for grouting quantity. Based on these findings, we calculate the unit consumption and cost of the tunnelling project, which we classify into three geological categories: soil, soft rock, and hard rock. Comparing our results to the standard quota value, it is found that the unit cost of shield tunneling in soil is slightly lower (6%), while that in soft rock is very close to the standard value. However, the cost in the hard rock region is significantly greater (38%), which cannot be ignored in project budgeting. Ultimately, our results support the use of compressive strength as a classification index for shield tunneling in complex geological conditions, representing a valuable contribution to the field of tunneling cost prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 3300 KiB  
Article
An Iterative PSD-Based Procedure for the Gaussian Stochastic Earthquake Model with Combined Intensity and Frequency Nonstationarities: Its Application into Precast Concrete Structures
by Xu-Yang Cao
Mathematics 2023, 11(6), 1294; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11061294 - 08 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1223
Abstract
Earthquakes cause severe damage to human beings and financial development, and they are commonly associated with a lot of uncertainties and stochastic factors regarding their frequency, intensity and duration. Thus, how to accurately select an earthquake record and determine an earthquake’s influence on [...] Read more.
Earthquakes cause severe damage to human beings and financial development, and they are commonly associated with a lot of uncertainties and stochastic factors regarding their frequency, intensity and duration. Thus, how to accurately select an earthquake record and determine an earthquake’s influence on structures are important questions that deserve further investigation. In this paper, the author developed an iterative power spectral density (PSD)-based procedure for the Gaussian stochastic earthquake model with combined intensity and frequency nonstationarities. In addition, they applied this procedure to five precast concrete structures for dynamic analysis and verification. The research proved the effectiveness of the iterative procedure for matching the target response spectra and for generating the required seismic records. The application examples verified the accuracy of the seismic design for the precast concrete structures and indicated the reliable dynamic demands of the precast concrete structures under the stochastic excitation of nonstationary earthquakes. In general, the research provided a meaningful reference for further stochastic earthquake selections, and it could play an effective role in further assessments of precast structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 9322 KiB  
Article
Coupling Failure Mechanism of Underground Structures Induced by Construction Disturbances
by Jianhong Zhang, Aixia Wang, Limin Zhang and Xiangsheng Chen
Mathematics 2023, 11(3), 615; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030615 - 26 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1157
Abstract
The development of cities often involves the construction of new tunnels buried underneath densely distributed existing structures. When tunnels experience complicated and difficult conditions, coupling failure mechanisms often develop, in which the failure of one structure results in the failures of adjacent structures [...] Read more.
The development of cities often involves the construction of new tunnels buried underneath densely distributed existing structures. When tunnels experience complicated and difficult conditions, coupling failure mechanisms often develop, in which the failure of one structure results in the failures of adjacent structures caused by soil failure initiated from the excavation of the new tunnel. Four centrifuge tests were performed in this study to reveal three major mechanisms, i.e., rapid sand flow, partial failure and overall collapse induced by the instability of a tunnel face and the effects of soil types and buried existing structures. Data are presented about the deformation and the failure mechanisms. Effects of soil properties and groundwater are discussed. The tests indicate that rapid sand flow can be easily triggered by tunnel face instability, a chimney-like mechanism creating gaps underneath existing structures. In cohesive soil, failure may be limited in front of the tunnel face due to the formation of arching, rendering a partial collapse. An overall collapse may occur in less cohesive soil when involving changes in underground water, which is a failure mode of a ground block bounded by two single shear planes extending from the tunnel face to the surface. It was observed that the bending deformation of the existing tunnel is well correlated with the failure mode, and a limited partial collapse had the smallest impact on the tunnel. The magnitude of the deformation of the structures depended not only on the failure mode but also on the scope and orientation of the failure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilient Infrastructure: Mathematical Modeling, Assessment and Smart Sensing)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-10
Back to TopTop