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Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development...
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Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018)

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2019) | Viewed by 42725

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Predrag Dašić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SaTCIP Publisher Ltd., Street Tržni Centar Pijaca 101, 36210 Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia
Interests: production engineering; machining; informatics; statistics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ivica Ristović

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
Interests: mining; mechanization; environment; secondary raw materials; treatment and recycling of industrial and mining wastes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Domenico Guida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: applied mechanics; mechanical systems; mechanical vibrations; tribology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 18th International Conference, "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" (RaDMI-2018) (Web site: http://www.radmi.org/), will be held 13–16 September, 2018, in Vrnjačka Banja (Serbia), and is organized by the publishing house "SaTCIP" Publisher Ltd. from Vrnjačka Banja (Serbia).

More than 70 participants from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Ukraine, and others, have applied to the conference.

All papers will be printed in the proceedings in hard copy and on CD-ROM in an electronic format.

All original and research papers from the 18th International Conference RaDMI-2018, which successfully pass the review process, will be published in the journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702) (Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/machines/) in this Special Issue, 31 March 2019. Machines is indexed in the following citation databases: Scopus from Elsevier (Website: https://www.scopus.com/), ESCI (Emerging Sources Citation Index) as part of WoS (Web of Science) from Clarivate Analytics Corp. (Website: https://www.clarivate.com/products/web-of-science/), INSPEC from IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology) (Website: http://www.theiet.org/resources/inspec/), GS (Google Scholar) (Website: http://scholar.google.com/), etc.

This Special Issue aims to bring together papers that report on recent advances and challenges in addressing problems and designing new solutions for the improvements of tools, equipments, and technologies in manufacturing engineering. Original contribution papers are expected with contents that present successful solutions to new problems in manufacturing systems. We believe that this Special Issue will be useful and informative to both researchers and practitioners. We also hope to deliver readers promising new ideas and directions for future developments in the field of manufacturing engineering.

Suitable topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Research and development of manufacturing systems;
  • Tools, equipments and technologies in manufacturing engineering;
  • New materials and product design;
  • Tribology;
  • Maintenance and effectiveness of technical systems;
  • Quality management, sustainable development and management in mechanical engineering;
  • Application of information technologies and electronics in mechanical engineering.

Prof. Hon.D.Sc. Predrag Dašić
Prof. Dr. Ivica Ristović
Prof. Dr. Domenico Guida
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mechanical engineering
  • Manufacturing systems
  • Machining
  • Product design

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1141 KiB  
Article
Design and Development of a New Press for Grape Marc
by Andrea Formato, Domenico Ianniello, Raffaele Romano, Arcangelo Pellegrino and Francesco Villecco
Machines 2019, 7(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7030051 - 09 Jul 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3705
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal geometry of a variable pitch conical helicoid to be used in a pressing machine for grape pomace, also known as grape marc. This study attempted to understand if the optimized geometry of the [...] Read more.
The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal geometry of a variable pitch conical helicoid to be used in a pressing machine for grape pomace, also known as grape marc. This study attempted to understand if the optimized geometry of the considered helicoid after every pitch resulted in volume decrease DVc, equal to that obtained during the pressing phase of grape pomace DVp, using an optimized membrane press. The conical helicoid with variable pitch was replaced in a machine that offered continuous pressing of grape pomace using a cylindrical helicoid with constant pitch (constant pressure distribution, not optimized, along the cochlea axis). As this was a machine already available in the market, the overall dimensions were already established—5.95 m in length and 1.5 m in width. The pressure distribution p1 and volume change DVp, obtained during the grape pomace pressing phase in the optimized membrane press (producing high-quality wine) was taken into consideration in this research. Furthermore, the optimized pressure distribution p1 was applied in seven phases during the pressing process, and a consequent volume change value DVp was obtained for each phase. Therefore, this study determined the geometry of the variable pitch conical helicoid, which, after every pitch, resulted in volume changing DVc that was similar to the volume changing DVp obtained by the optimized membrane press. For this scope, calculations were realized using the Mathematica 10 program code, which, on being assigned the overall dimensions, slope angle of the helicoid, and volume for the first pitch value, determined the radius and pitch values of the helicoid, total volume, and volume change DVc. It was also noted that by appropriately varying the geometric parameters (taper and pitch of the helicoid), different options of pressure distribution on grape pomace can be obtained, thus enabling improvement and optimization of product quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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12 pages, 5203 KiB  
Article
Fluid–Structure Interaction Modeling Applied to Peristaltic Pump Flow Simulations
by Gaetano Formato, Raffaele Romano, Andrea Formato, Joonas Sorvari, Tuomas Koiranen, Arcangelo Pellegrino and Francesco Villecco
Machines 2019, 7(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7030050 - 09 Jul 2019
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 5983
Abstract
In this study, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) modeling was applied for predicting the fluid flow in a specific peristaltic pump, composed of one metallic roller and a hyperelastic tube pumping a viscous Newtonian fluid. Hyperelastic material dynamics and turbulence flow dynamics were coupled in [...] Read more.
In this study, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) modeling was applied for predicting the fluid flow in a specific peristaltic pump, composed of one metallic roller and a hyperelastic tube pumping a viscous Newtonian fluid. Hyperelastic material dynamics and turbulence flow dynamics were coupled in order to describe all the physics of the pump. The commercial finite element software ABAQUS 6.14 was used to investigate the performance of the pump with a 3D transient model. By using this model, it was possible to predict the von Mises stresses in the tube and flow fluctuations. The peristaltic pump generated high pressure and flow pulses due to the interaction between the roller and the tube. The squeezing and relaxing of the tube during the operative phase allowed the liquid to have a pulsatile behavior. Numerical simulation data results were compared with one cycle pressure measurement obtained from pump test loop data, and the maximum difference between real and simulated data was less than 5%. The applicability of FSI modeling for geometric optimization of pump housing was also discussed in order to prevent roller and hose parts pressure peaks. The model allowed to investigate the effect of pump design variations such as tube occlusion, tube diameter, and roller speed on the flow rate, flow fluctuations, and stress state in the tube. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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10 pages, 2917 KiB  
Article
Vibration-Based Experimental Identification of the Elastic Moduli Using Plate Specimens of the Olive Tree
by Andrea Formato, Domenico Ianniello, Arcangelo Pellegrino and Francesco Villecco
Machines 2019, 7(2), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7020046 - 20 Jun 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 2711
Abstract
Mechanical parameters of the olive wood plate have been computed by data inversion of vibrational experimental tests. A numerical-experimental method has allowed the evaluation of the two transverse shear moduli and the four in-plane moduli of a thick orthotropic olive tree plate. Therefore, [...] Read more.
Mechanical parameters of the olive wood plate have been computed by data inversion of vibrational experimental tests. A numerical-experimental method has allowed the evaluation of the two transverse shear moduli and the four in-plane moduli of a thick orthotropic olive tree plate. Therefore, the natural flexural vibration frequencies of olive trees plates have been evaluated by the impulse technique. For our purposes, we define the objective function as the difference between the numerical computation data and the experimental ones. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm was chosen as optimization strategy in order to minimize the matching error: the evaluation of the objective function has required a complete finite element simulation by using the ANSYS code. As input, we have used the uniaxial test data results obtained from the olive plates. The converged elastic moduli with n = 10 natural modes were E1 = 14.8 GPa, E2 = 1.04 GPa, G12 = 4.45 GPa, G23 = 4.02 GPa, G13 = 4.75 GPa, ν12 = 0.42, and ν13 = 0.42. The relative root mean square (RMS) errors between the experimental frequencies and the computed one is 9.40%. Then, it has been possible to obtain a good agreement between the measured and calculated frequencies. Therefore, it has been found that for plates of moderate thickness the reliability of the estimated values of the transverse shear moduli is good. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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21 pages, 1672 KiB  
Article
Unmanned Ground Vehicle Modelling in Gazebo/ROS-Based Environments
by Zandra B. Rivera, Marco C. De Simone and Domenico Guida
Machines 2019, 7(2), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7020042 - 14 Jun 2019
Cited by 67 | Viewed by 17144
Abstract
The fusion of different technologies is the base of the fourth industrial revolution. Companies are encouraged to integrate new tools in their production processes in order to improve working conditions and increase productivity and production quality. The integration between information, communication technologies and [...] Read more.
The fusion of different technologies is the base of the fourth industrial revolution. Companies are encouraged to integrate new tools in their production processes in order to improve working conditions and increase productivity and production quality. The integration between information, communication technologies and industrial automation can create highly flexible production models for products and services that can be customized through real-time interactions between consumer, production and machinery throughout the production process. The future of production, therefore, depends on increasingly intelligent machinery through the use of digital systems. The key elements for future integrated devices are intelligent systems and machines, based on human–machine interaction and information sharing. To do so, the implementation of shared languages that allow different systems to dialogue in a simple way is necessary. In this perspective, the use of advanced prototyping tools like Open-Source programming systems, the development of more detailed multibody models through the use of CAD software and the use of self-learning techniques will allow for developing a new class of machines capable of revolutionizing our companies. The purpose of this paper is to present a waypoint navigation activity of a custom Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR) in an available simulated 3D indoor environment by using the Gazebo simulator. Gazebo was developed in 2002 at the University of Southern California. The idea was to create a high-fidelity simulator that gave the possibility to simulate robots in outdoor environments under various conditions. In particular, we wanted to test the high-performance physics Open Dynamics Engine (ODE) and the sensors feature present in Gazebo for prototype development activities. This choice was made for the possibility of emulating not only the system under analysis, but also the world in which the robot will operate. Furthermore, the integration tools available with Solidworks and Matlab-Simulink, well known commercial platforms of modelling and robotics control respectively, are also explored. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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15 pages, 1150 KiB  
Article
Tie-System Calibration for the Experimental Setup of Large Deployable Reflectors
by Alessandro Cammarata, Rosario Sinatra, Riccardo Rigato and Pietro Davide Maddio
Machines 2019, 7(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7020023 - 15 Apr 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3411
Abstract
The trade-off between the design phase and the experimental setup is crucial in satisfying the accuracy requirements of large deployable reflectors. Manufacturing errors and tolerances change the root mean square (RMS) of the reflecting surface and require careful calibration of the tie-rod system [...] Read more.
The trade-off between the design phase and the experimental setup is crucial in satisfying the accuracy requirements of large deployable reflectors. Manufacturing errors and tolerances change the root mean square (RMS) of the reflecting surface and require careful calibration of the tie-rod system to be able to fit into the initial design specifications. To give a possible solution to this problem, two calibration methods—for rigid and flexible ring truss supports, respectively—are described in this study. Starting from the acquired experimental data on the net nodal co-ordinates, the initial problem of satisfying the static equilibrium with the measured configuration is described. Then, two constrained optimization problems (for rigid or flexible ring truss supports) are defined to meet the desired RMS accuracy of the reflecting surface by modifying the tie lengths. Finally, a case study to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methods is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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15 pages, 1678 KiB  
Article
Modelling of Temperature Field and Stress–Strain State of the Workpiece with Plasma Coatings during Surface Grinding
by Anatoly V. Usov, Vladimir M. Tonkonogyi, Predrag V. Dašić and Olga V. Rybak
Machines 2019, 7(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7010020 - 22 Mar 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3953
Abstract
Plasma coatings play a key role in surface tailoring through providing important advantages for tools during their further application. However, grinding these coatings may cause different defects such as grinding burns and cracks, structural changes to the coating material, and the destruction of [...] Read more.
Plasma coatings play a key role in surface tailoring through providing important advantages for tools during their further application. However, grinding these coatings may cause different defects such as grinding burns and cracks, structural changes to the coating material, and the destruction of adhesive contacts between the coating layer and the substrate. The reason for that is the high heat flux generated in the process of abrasive material removal due to the high friction and stresses. In order to define the optimal conditions for grinding plasma coatings, the mathematical model of the temperature thermal field and the stress–strain state during the grinding process is developed. Based on the temperature, strength, and fracture criteria, this mathematical model makes it possible to define the functional relationship between the technological characteristics of the grinding process and the conditions that provide the required quality of surface processing. The role of the structural defects that are generated while coatings are being sprayed, as well as during coating adhesion, is also considered. An algorithm developed to present the results of the modelling process enables checking if the input parameters meet the condition of zero-defect grinding of a workpiece, and determining an expected surface roughness. Input parameters include the grinding wheel geometry, its abrasive properties, the wheel speed, longitudinal and transverse motion, grinding depth, and the use of the cutting fluid. Experimental testing of this study shows the way in which the regime of the grinding process and different grinding wheel parameters influence the physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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26 pages, 689 KiB  
Article
Forward and Inverse Dynamics of a Unicycle-Like Mobile Robot
by Carmine Maria Pappalardo and Domenico Guida
Machines 2019, 7(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7010005 - 11 Jan 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4973
Abstract
In this research work, a new method for solving forward and inverse dynamic problems of mechanical systems having an underactuated structure and subjected to holonomic and/or nonholonomic constraints is developed. The method devised in this paper is based on the combination of the [...] Read more.
In this research work, a new method for solving forward and inverse dynamic problems of mechanical systems having an underactuated structure and subjected to holonomic and/or nonholonomic constraints is developed. The method devised in this paper is based on the combination of the Udwadia-Kalaba Equations with the Underactuation Equivalence Principle. First, an analytical method based on the Udwadia-Kalaba Equations is employed in the paper for handling dynamic and control problems of nonlinear nonholonomic mechanical systems in the same computational framework. Subsequently, the Underactuation Equivalence Principle is used for extending the capabilities of the Udwadia-Kalaba Equations from fully actuated mechanical systems to underactuated mechanical systems. The Underactuation Equivalence Principle represents an efficient method recently developed in the field of classical mechanics. The Underactuation Equivalence Principle is used in this paper for mathematically formalizing the underactuation property of a mechanical system considering a particular set of nonholonomic algebraic constraints defined at the acceleration level. On the other hand, in this study, the Udwadia-Kalaba Equations are analytically reformulated in a mathematical form suitable for treating inverse dynamic problems. By doing so, the Udwadia-Kalaba Equations are employed in conjunction with the Underactuation Equivalence Principle for developing a nonlinear control method based on an inverse dynamic approach. As shown in detail in this investigation, the proposed method can be used for analytically solving in an explicit manner the forward and inverse dynamic problems of several nonholonomic mechanical systems. In particular, the tracking control of the unicycle-like mobile robot is considered in this investigation as a benchmark example. Numerical experiments on the dynamic model of the unicycle-like mobile robot confirm the effectiveness of the nonlinear dynamic and control approaches developed in this work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 18th International Conference Research and Development in Mechanical Industry (RaDMI-2018))
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