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Life
Special Issues
Toxicity Mechanisms and Toxicokinetics of Exogenous Toxic Substances
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Toxicity Mechanisms and Toxicokinetics of Exogenous Toxic Substances

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 November 2022) | Viewed by 5879

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yanzhu Zhu

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Guest Editor
Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Changchun, China
Interests: pharmacology; toxicology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xudong Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
Interests: aluminum; toxicity; metabolism; immune; organelle; liver
Dr. Xu Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: animal toxicology and animal nutrition metabolic disease; toxicology of heavy metal; toxicology of mycotoxin
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zheng Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Interests: mycotoxin; heavy metal; testis; nervous system; intestines
Dr. Cuicui Zhuang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030810, China
Interests: heavy metal; toxicity; bovine mastitis; host-pathogen interaction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Toxicology is an applied discipline that studies the harmful effects of exogenous factors (chemical, physical, biological) on biological systems. It is the science of studying the toxic reactions of chemical substances to living organisms, their severity, frequency of occurrence, and mechanisms of toxic effects, as well as the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of toxic effects. It is a discipline that predicts the hazards to humans and the ecological environment and provides a scientific basis for determining safety limits and taking preventive and control measures.

We welcome the submission of original research articles, review articles, case reports, and other scientific reports, including but not limited to the following topics:

  • The toxicology focused on the immune, brain, nervous, hepatic, intestine, reproductive, cardiovascular, and renal systems toxicology.
  • Exogenous toxins include metal, toxins, Pesticides, pharmacology, trace element, etc.
  • The interaction between the organism and foreign compounds,
  • Mechanistic elucidation of toxicology.
  • Screen the biomarker of the toxicology.
  • The treatment of toxicology should focus on the mechanism.

Dr. Yanzhu Zhu
Prof. Dr. Xudong Sun
Dr. Xu Yang
Dr. Zheng Cao
Dr. Cuicui Zhuang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • animal toxicology
  • animal nutrition metabolic disease
  • toxicology of heavy metal
  • toxicity
  • immunity
  • host-pathogen interaction
  • aluminum
  • metabolism

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2900 KiB  
Article
Honokiol Antagonizes Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Quail by Alleviating Autophagy Dysfunction, Apoptosis and Mitochondrial UPR Inhibition with Its Antioxidant Properties
by Kanglei Zhang, Wenxuan Dong, Jiahui Li, Zhonggui Gong, Wenjing Liu, Shuangjiang He, Hui Zou, Ruilong Song, Gang Liu and Zongping Liu
Life 2022, 12(10), 1574; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101574 - 10 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1523
Abstract
Japanese quail is a highly economically valuable bird due to its commercial production for meat and eggs. Although studies have reported Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous heavy metal that can cause injury to various organs, the molecular mechanisms of Cd on quail kidney [...] Read more.
Japanese quail is a highly economically valuable bird due to its commercial production for meat and eggs. Although studies have reported Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous heavy metal that can cause injury to various organs, the molecular mechanisms of Cd on quail kidney injury remain largely unknown. It has been reported that Honokiol (HKL), a highly functional antioxidant, can protect cells against oxidative stress effectively. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Cd on quail kidneys injury and the protective effect of HKL on Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 40 Japanese quails were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, Cd treatment group, Co-treatment group and HKL treatment group. The results showed that Cd resulted in significant changes in growth performance, kidney histopathology and kidney biochemical status, antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress parameters, and ultrastructure of renal tubular epithelial cells, compared with controls. Cd increased the expression of autophagy-related and apoptosis-related genes, but decreased expression of lysosomal function-related and UPRmt-related genes. The co-treatment group ameliorated Cd-induced nephrotoxicity by alleviating oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis, repairing autophagy dysfunction and UPRmt disorder. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of HKL showed beneficial effects on Japanese quail kidney injury caused by Cd. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Mechanisms and Toxicokinetics of Exogenous Toxic Substances)
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15 pages, 2306 KiB  
Article
Disturbance in Some Fertility Biomarkers Induced and Changes in Testis Architecture by Chronic Exposure to Various Dosages of Each of Nonylphenol or Bisphenol A and Their Mix
by Sahar J. Melebary, Mariam S. AlGhamdi, Manal E. A. Elhalwagy, Soha A. Alsolmy and Al Jawaher A. Bin Dohaish
Life 2022, 12(10), 1555; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101555 - 07 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1261
Abstract
This investigation was conducted to demonstrate the potential impacts of different doses of Bisphenol A (BPA) or Nonylphenol (NP) and their mixtures on some biological activities in male albino rats. Seventy male albino rats were allocated to the control group (GI) and were [...] Read more.
This investigation was conducted to demonstrate the potential impacts of different doses of Bisphenol A (BPA) or Nonylphenol (NP) and their mixtures on some biological activities in male albino rats. Seventy male albino rats were allocated to the control group (GI) and were given 1 mL of ethanol. G II and G III were given 100 mg/kg of each of BPA and NP, G IV and G V were given 25 mg/kg of each of BPA and NP, G VI was given a high dose of BPA and NP, and G VII was given a low dose of BPA and NP. All animals were treated orally for 60 days. Serum biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidants, immune-inflammatory mediators, and apoptotic markers were determined, as well as a histopathological examination of the testis at the end of the experimental period. The results obtained showed a pronounced increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and 4-hydroxynonenol (4-HNE), concomitant with a significant reduction in serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase enzyme (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in all treated groups. A significant elevation in TNF Alpha, TNF Beta, and Caspase 3 serum was recorded individually and in the groups treated with high doses. The disturbance is represented by histological damage in the testis in the germinal epithelium and a decrease in spermatozoa inside the lumen of seminiferous tubules. The effects on testis tissues were dose-dependent, pronounced in mixture doses, and remarkable in higher doses. In conclusion, exposure to BPA and NP strongly impacts antioxidants, immune-inflammatory mediators, and testis tissue architecture. Furthermore, the data from this investigation support the idea that exposure to BPA and NP in daily life has multiple damages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Mechanisms and Toxicokinetics of Exogenous Toxic Substances)
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17 pages, 9487 KiB  
Article
Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Neuro- and Reproductive Toxicity in Male Albino Rats
by Arwa A. Hassan, Karima Bel Hadj Salah, Esraa M. Fahmy, Doaa A. Mansour, Sally A. M. Mohamed, Asmaa A. Abdallah, Mada F. Ashkan, Kamlah Ali Majrashi, Sahar J. Melebary, El-Sayed A. El-Sheikh and Nashwa El-Shaer
Life 2022, 12(10), 1500; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101500 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2684
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a common organophosphorus insecticide. It is associated with negative consequences such as neurotoxicity and reproductive injury. This study aimed to observe the ability of olive leaf extract to attenuate chlorpyrifos toxicity, which induced neuro- and reproductive toxicity in male albino [...] Read more.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a common organophosphorus insecticide. It is associated with negative consequences such as neurotoxicity and reproductive injury. This study aimed to observe the ability of olive leaf extract to attenuate chlorpyrifos toxicity, which induced neuro- and reproductive toxicity in male albino rats. Olive leaf extract (OLE) exhibits potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Twenty-two mature male rats were divided into four groups: control (saline), CPF (9 mg/kg), OLE (150 mg/kg), and CPF + OLE. Treatment was administered orally for 80 days. The CPF significantly reduced serum sex hormones, sperm counts and motility, high oxidants (MDA), and depleted antioxidants (GSH, SOD, TAC) in the brain and testes homogenate; additionally, it decreased serum AChE and brain neurotransmitters, increased Bax, decreased Bcl-2, and boosted caspase-3 immune expression in neural and testicular cells. Immunological expression of Ki 67 in the cerebrum, cerebellum, choroid plexus, and hippocampus was reduced, and α-SMA in testicular tissue also decreased. Histopathological findings were consistent with the above impacts. OLE co-administration significantly normalized all these abnormalities. OLE showed significant protection against neural and reproductive damage caused by CPF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Mechanisms and Toxicokinetics of Exogenous Toxic Substances)
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