Novel Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 November 2021) | Viewed by 2592

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Chemical Biology Group, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
Interests: ubiquitin proteasome; small molecule activators of p53; screening for novel biologically active molecules; functional modification of proteins; CAR-T cell immunotherapy

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Guest Editor
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Department of Genetics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Interests: multi-omics medicine; precision medicine; regenerative medicine; gene and cell therapy; molecular neurobiology; molecular virology; cancer diagnostics and therapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer-related inflammation is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. Tumor growth is closely connected to inflammation, and the crosstalk between the two processes depends on certain cellular and molecular pathways. Carcinogenesis mostly results from genomic instability, proliferative abnormality, reprogramming of the stromal environment, and aberrant transition between mesenchymal and epithelial states. The concepts of cancer-associated inflammation and inflammation-driven incipient neoplasia are relatively well established, but the exact underlying mechanisms often remain elusive. This significantly limits our capabilities in relation to development of novel therapeutic approaches.

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases represent chronic and highly disabling disorders involving inappropriate or excessive immune responses, caused or accompanied by cytokine dysregulation and acute or chronic inflammation. Examples include inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, Crohn’s disease and various chronic inflammatory systemic diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that many, but not all, chronic inflammatory diseases are also linked with an increased risk of cancer development.

This Special Issue aims to summarize the current knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with tumorigenesis and inflammation, and their diverse interplay, with a primary focus on therapeutic approaches. We invite authors to contribute original manuscripts, case reports, and clinical trials, as well as reviews focused on recent advances relating to the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

- Recent discoveries in the field of cancer and inflammatory diseases (including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases);
- Novel molecular biomarkers and targets;
- Therapeutic approaches based on small molecules;
- Therapeutic approaches based on gene therapies, e.g. gene editing and gene addition (including for cases with rare genetic mutations);
- Therapeutic approaches based on immune cells, like CAR-Ts, TCR-Ts, TILs, macrophages, dendritic and other cells, as well as extracellular vesicles;
- Molecular mechanisms of disease initiation and progression;
- Case reports.

Dr. Emil Bulatov
Prof. Dr. Albert Rizvanov
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • inflammatory diseases
  • biomarkers
  • molecular targets
  • small molecule therapeutics
  • gene and cell therapies

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1678 KiB  
Article
The Detection of Stem-Like Circulating Tumor Cells Could Increase the Clinical Applicability of Liquid Biopsy in Ovarian Cancer
by Snezhanna O. Gening, Tatyana V. Abakumova, Dina U. Gafurbaeva, Albert A. Rizvanov, Inna I. Antoneeva, Regina R. Miftakhova, Andrey B. Peskov and Tatyana P. Gening
Life 2021, 11(8), 815; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080815 - 11 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Stem properties allow circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to survive in the bloodstream and initiate cancer progression. We aimed to assess the numbers of stem-like CTCs in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) before treatment and during first-line chemotherapy (CT). Flow cytometry was performed (Cytoflex [...] Read more.
Stem properties allow circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to survive in the bloodstream and initiate cancer progression. We aimed to assess the numbers of stem-like CTCs in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) before treatment and during first-line chemotherapy (CT). Flow cytometry was performed (Cytoflex S (Beckman Coulter, CA, USA)) using antibodies against CD45; epithelial markers EpCAM and cytokeratin (CK) 8,18; mesenchymal vimentin (vim); and stem-like CD44, CD133 and ALDH. This study included 38 stage I–IV OC patients (median age 66 (Q1–Q3 53–70)). The CK+vim- counts were higher (p = 0.012) and the CD133+ALDHhigh counts were lower (p = 0.010) before treatment in the neoadjuvant CT group than in the adjuvant group. The patients with ascites had more CK+vim- cells before treatment (p = 0.009) and less EpCAM-vim+ cells during treatment (p = 0.018) than the patients without ascites. All the CTC counts did not differ significantly in paired samples. Correlations were found between the CK-vim+ and CD133+ALDHhigh (r = 0.505, p = 0.027) and EpCAM-vim+ and ALDHhigh (r = 0.597, p = 0.004) cells before but not during treatment. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that progression-free survival was longer with the presence of surgical treatment (HR 0.06 95% CI 0.01–0.48, p = 0.009) and fewer CD133+ALDHveryhigh cells (HR 1.06 95% CI 1.02–1.12, p = 0.010). Thus, CD133+ALDH+ CTCs have the greatest prognostic potential in OC among the phenotypes studied. Full article
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