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Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair
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Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 9132

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jung Eun Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
Interests: osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation; bone remodeling; bone development and homeostasis; bone metastasis; musculoskeletal diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to the Special Issue of Biochemistry Section of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, on “Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair”.

Bone is a highly dynamic tissue that is continuously remodeled to replace old bone tissue with new bone tissue from birth throughout life. Bone is also repaired by complex and well-coordinated physiological processes during micro-crack or fracture healing. Thus, bone remodeling and repair are tightly regulated by the balance between bone cells and various factors in the bone microenvironment.

This Special Issue is focused on the cells and molecules that play a role in bone remodeling and repair. The molecular mechanisms of bone cells and molecules contributing to bone remodeling and repair provide a powerful platform for elucidating novel insights on bone pathophysiology. We very welcome the submission of original research articles and comprehensive reviews.

Prof. Dr. Jung Eun Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • osteoblast
  • osteoclast
  • mesenchymal stem cell
  • hematopoietic stem cell
  • bone remodeling
  • bone repair
  • bone pathophysiology
  • bone microenvironment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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15 pages, 2511 KiB  
Article
Engineering a Pro-Osteogenic Secretome through the Transient Silencing of the Gene Encoding Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 1
by Daniel García-Sánchez, Alberto González-González, Itzíar Álvarez-Iglesias, Mónica del Dujo-Gutiérrez, Alfonso Bolado-Carrancio, Matilde Certo, María Isabel Pérez-Núñez, José A. Riancho, José Carlos Rodríguez-Rey, Jesús Delgado-Calle and Flor María Pérez-Campo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(15), 12399; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512399 - 03 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1030
Abstract
The evidence sustaining the regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) secretome has prompted a paradigm change, where MSCs have shifted from being considered direct contributors to tissue regeneration toward being seen as cell factories for producing biotech medicines. We have previously designed [...] Read more.
The evidence sustaining the regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) secretome has prompted a paradigm change, where MSCs have shifted from being considered direct contributors to tissue regeneration toward being seen as cell factories for producing biotech medicines. We have previously designed a method to prime MSCs towards osteogenic differentiation by silencing the Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitor Sfpr1. This approach produces a significant increase in bone formation in osteoporotic mice. In this current work, we set to investigate the contribution of the secretome from the MSCs where Sfrp1 has been silenced, to the positive effect seen on bone regeneration in vivo. The conditioned media (CM) of the murine MSCs line C3H10T1/2, where Sfrp1 has been transiently silenced (CM-Sfrp1), was found to induce, in vitro, an increase in the osteogenic differentiation of this same cell line, as well as a decrease of the expression of the Wnt inhibitor Dkk1 in murine osteocytes ex vivo. A reduction in the RANKL/OPG ratio was also detected ex vivo, suggesting a negative effect of CM-Sfrp1 on osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, this CM significantly increases the mineralization of human primary MSCs isolated from osteoportotic patients in vitro. Proteomic analysis identified enrichment of proteins involved in osteogenesis within the soluble and vesicular fractions of this secretome. Altogether, we demonstrate the pro-osteogenic potential of the secretome of MSCs primmed in this fashion, suggesting that this is a valid approach to enhance the osteo-regenerative properties of MSCs’ secretome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair)
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Review

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13 pages, 995 KiB  
Review
The Role of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Bone Healing: Systematic Review
by Micaela Berni, Alice Maria Brancato, Camilla Torriani, Valentina Bina, Salvatore Annunziata, Elena Cornella, Michelangelo Trucchi, Eugenio Jannelli, Mario Mosconi, Giulia Gastaldi, Laura Caliogna, Federico Alberto Grassi and Gianluigi Pasta
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7094; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087094 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5062
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment that is increasingly used in orthopedics practices. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes angiogenesis, fracture healing and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, the underlying mechanisms during bone [...] Read more.
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment that is increasingly used in orthopedics practices. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes angiogenesis, fracture healing and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, the underlying mechanisms during bone formation remain largely unknown. Factors such as wavelength, energy density, irradiation and frequency of LLLT can influence the cellular mechanisms. Moreover, the effects of LLLT are different according to cell types treated. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the molecular pathways activated by LLLT and its effects on the bone healing process. A better understanding of the cellular mechanisms activated by LLLT can improve its clinical application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair)
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17 pages, 1684 KiB  
Review
The Cell-Specific Role of SHP2 in Regulating Bone Homeostasis and Regeneration Niches
by Jie Zhang, Chengxinyue Ye, Yufan Zhu, Jun Wang and Jin Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2202; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032202 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2349
Abstract
Src homology-2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, has been proven to participate in bone-related diseases, such as Noonan syndrome (NS), metachondromatosis and osteoarthritis. However, the mechanisms of SHP2 in bone remodeling and homeostasis maintenance are complex and undemonstrated. The [...] Read more.
Src homology-2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, has been proven to participate in bone-related diseases, such as Noonan syndrome (NS), metachondromatosis and osteoarthritis. However, the mechanisms of SHP2 in bone remodeling and homeostasis maintenance are complex and undemonstrated. The abnormal expression of SHP2 can influence the differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and chondrocytes. Meanwhile, SHP2 mutations can act on the immune system, vasculature and nervous system, which in turn affect bone development and remodeling. Signaling pathways regulated by SHP2, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Indian hedgehog (IHH) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), are also involved in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of bone functioning cells. This review summarizes the recent advances of SHP2 on osteogenesis-related cells and niche cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. The phenotypic features of SHP2 conditional knockout mice and underlying mechanisms are discussed. The prospective applications of the current agonists or inhibitors that target SHP2 in bone-related diseases are also described. Full clarification of the role of SHP2 in bone remodeling will shed new light on potential treatment for bone related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cells and Molecules in Bone Remodeling and Repair)
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