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New Advances in Genetics and Epigenetics of Aging

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2024 | Viewed by 527

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Guest Editor
Department of Foundational Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA
Interests: biology of aging; gerontology; geriatrics; stress resistance; dementia; age-related comorbidities; risk assessment; artificial intelligence; systems biology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aging is an inevitable process that affects many living organisms throughout their lifespans, depending on health. In healthy people, aging typically starts after maturation, while in people living with accelerated aging syndrome, called progeria, aspects of aging can start as early as when they are born. Recent scientific investigations have revealed several molecular mechanisms that contribute to life extension as well as promote healthy living among individuals. These mechanisms may be classified into three major categories, namely nutrition signaling, protein homeostasis, and cellular cleaning, such as autophagy and proteasome pathways; however, it remains unclear how these life-extending mechanisms genetically and epigenetically control aging. Recent studies have shown that the molecular mechanisms involved in aging are considerably intricate, encompassing various biological pathways. This Special Issue solicits a conceptual understanding of multinomial and sporadic aging that is crucial for combatting them more effectively.

Prof. Dr. Shin Murakami
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3478 KiB  
Article
Age Prediction Using DNA Methylation Heterogeneity Metrics
by Dmitry I. Karetnikov, Stanislav E. Romanov, Vladimir P. Baklaushev and Petr P. Laktionov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4967; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094967 - 02 May 2024
Viewed by 271
Abstract
Dynamic changes in genomic DNA methylation patterns govern the epigenetic developmental programs and accompany the organism‘s aging. Epigenetic clock (eAge) algorithms utilize DNA methylation to estimate the age and risk factors for diseases as well as analyze the impact of various interventions. High-throughput [...] Read more.
Dynamic changes in genomic DNA methylation patterns govern the epigenetic developmental programs and accompany the organism‘s aging. Epigenetic clock (eAge) algorithms utilize DNA methylation to estimate the age and risk factors for diseases as well as analyze the impact of various interventions. High-throughput bisulfite sequencing methods, such as reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) or whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), provide an opportunity to identify the genomic regions of disordered or heterogeneous DNA methylation, which might be associated with cell-type heterogeneity, DNA methylation erosion, and allele-specific methylation. We systematically evaluated the applicability of five scores assessing the variability of methylation patterns by evaluating within-sample heterogeneity (WSH) to construct human blood epigenetic clock models using RRBS data. The best performance was demonstrated by the model based on a metric designed to assess DNA methylation erosion with an MAE of 3.686 years. We also trained a prediction model that uses the average methylation level over genomic regions. Although this region-based model was relatively more efficient than the WSH-based model, the latter required the analysis of just a few short genomic regions and, therefore, could be a useful tool to design a reduced epigenetic clock that is analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Genetics and Epigenetics of Aging)
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