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Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants
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Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 18060

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mariarosaria Boccellino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: cerebral hypoxia; prostate cancer; malignant teratoma of the mediastinum; aminoaciduria; antioxidant activity; obesity; molecular biology; translational medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, "Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants", will be based on studies relating to all types of antioxidants and their role in human health and in the prevention of certain diseases.

Free radicals are formed during the metabolic reactions that take place in the human body, and are responsible for oxidative stress, cellular aging, and the development of various other pathologies. Antioxidants operate as “natural shields” by counteracting the formation of radicals. The natural antioxidants (vitamins, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, etc.) present in food are sufficient to meet normal needs, but in particular health situations, external integration can be useful. However, it is not yet clear whether the protective action derives from the individual antioxidants or from the way in which nature has been able to combine them in the various foods. The health effects of natural antioxidants depend on their bioavailability, the knowledge of which is necessary in order to evaluate their biological activity in the target tissues. The most recent knowledge attributes a protective role of natural antioxidants in cancer therapy, increasing its effectiveness and reducing its toxicity. This Issue is dedicated to recent discoveries in the knowledge of the molecular mechanism of action of natural antioxidants, in the study of their bioavailability and their therapeutic use.

Dr. Mariarosaria Boccellino
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cell signaling and cancer
  • model tumourigenesis
  • breast and prostate cancers
  • oral disorders
  • antioxidant activity
  • obesity
  • molecular biology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 185 KiB  
Editorial
Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants
by Mariarosaria Boccellino
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(13), 10792; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310792 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 835
Abstract
Free radicals are produced during metabolic processes in the human body and can lead to oxidative stress, cellular aging, and the development of various diseases [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

21 pages, 4230 KiB  
Article
Preclinical Therapy with Vitamin D3 in Experimental Encephalomyelitis: Efficacy and Comparison with Paricalcitol
by Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura, Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva, Larissa Ragozzo Cardoso de Oliveira, Larissa Lumi Watanabe Ishikawa, Patrícia Aparecida Borim, Carla de Moraes Machado, José de Anchieta de Castro e Horta Júnior, Denise Morais da Fonseca and Alexandrina Sartori
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1914; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041914 - 15 Feb 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2707
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS and its animal model called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) immunopathogenesis involve a plethora of immune cells whose activation releases a variety of proinflammatory mediators and free radicals. Vitamin [...] Read more.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS and its animal model called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) immunopathogenesis involve a plethora of immune cells whose activation releases a variety of proinflammatory mediators and free radicals. Vitamin D3 (VitD) is endowed with immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties that we demonstrated to control EAE development. However, this protective effect triggered hypercalcemia. As such, we compared the therapeutic potential of VitD and paricalcitol (Pari), which is a non-hypercalcemic vitamin D analog, to control EAE. From the seventh day on after EAE induction, mice were injected with VitD or Pari every other day. VitD, but not Pari, displayed downmodulatory ability being able to reduce the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the mRNA expression of inflammatory parameters, and demyelination at the CNS. Lower production of proinflammatory cytokines by lymph node-derived cells and IL-17 by gut explants, and reduced intestinal inflammation were detected in the EAE/VitD group compared to the EAE untreated or Pari groups. Dendritic cells (DCs) differentiated in the presence of VitD developed a more tolerogenic phenotype than in the presence of Pari. These findings suggest that VitD, but not Pari, has the potential to be used as a preventive therapy to control MS severity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants)
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Review

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19 pages, 1925 KiB  
Review
Vitamin A and Retinoids in Bladder Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence, Challenges and Future Prospects
by Larisa Tratnjek, Jera Jeruc, Rok Romih and Daša Zupančič
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(7), 3510; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073510 - 29 Mar 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3640
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide with a high recurrence rate, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, chemoprevention and improved treatment of BC are of paramount importance. Epidemiological studies suggest that adequate vitamin A intake may be associated with reduced BC [...] Read more.
Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide with a high recurrence rate, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, chemoprevention and improved treatment of BC are of paramount importance. Epidemiological studies suggest that adequate vitamin A intake may be associated with reduced BC risk. In addition, retinoids, natural and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, are intensively studied in cancer research due to their antioxidant properties and their ability to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Findings from in vivo and in vitro models of BC show great potential for the use of retinoids in the chemoprevention and treatment of BC. However, translation to the clinical practice is limited. In this narrative review we discuss: (i) vitamin A and retinoid metabolism and retinoic acid signalling, (ii) the pathobiology of BC and the need for chemoprevention, (iii) the epidemiological evidence for the role of dietary vitamin A in BC, (iv) mechanistic insights obtained from in vivo and in vitro models, (v) clinical trials of retinoids and the limitations of retinoid use, (vi) novel systems of retinoid delivery, and (vii) components of retinoid signalling pathways as potential novel therapeutic targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants)
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29 pages, 461 KiB  
Review
Natural Antioxidants in Anemia Treatment
by Coralia Cotoraci, Alina Ciceu, Alciona Sasu and Anca Hermenean
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1883; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041883 - 13 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 6602
Abstract
Anemia, characterized by a decrease of the hemoglobin level in the blood and a reduction in carrying capacity of oxygen, is a major public health problem which affects people of all ages. The methods used to treat anemia are blood transfusion and oral [...] Read more.
Anemia, characterized by a decrease of the hemoglobin level in the blood and a reduction in carrying capacity of oxygen, is a major public health problem which affects people of all ages. The methods used to treat anemia are blood transfusion and oral administration of iron-based supplements, but these treatments are associated with a number of side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, and stomach pain, which limit its long-term use. In addition, oral iron supplements are poorly absorbed in the intestinal tract, due to overexpression of hepcidin, a peptide hormone that plays a central role in iron homeostasis. In this review, we conducted an analysis of the literature on biologically active compounds and plant extracts used in the treatment of various types of anemia. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the use of these compounds and plant extracts, in order to explore their therapeutic potential. The advantage of using them is that they are available from natural resources and can be used as main, alternative, or adjuvant therapies in many diseases, such as various types of anemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants)
19 pages, 1126 KiB  
Review
Promising Antioxidant Activity of Erythrina Genus: An Alternative Treatment for Inflammatory Pain?
by Tania Jiménez-Cabrera, Mirandeli Bautista, Claudia Velázquez-González, Osmar Antonio Jaramillo-Morales, José Antonio Guerrero-Solano, Thania Alejandra Urrutia-Hernández and Minarda De la O-Arciniega
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(1), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010248 - 29 Dec 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3400
Abstract
The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism of free radicals initiates a series of chain reactions that contribute to the evolution or development of different degenerative disorders. Likewise, these disorders are usually accompanied by inflammatory [...] Read more.
The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism of free radicals initiates a series of chain reactions that contribute to the evolution or development of different degenerative disorders. Likewise, these disorders are usually accompanied by inflammatory processes and, therefore, pain. In this sense, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote the nociceptive process, but effective treatment of pain and inflammation still represents a challenge. Over time, it has been learned that there is no single way to relieve pain, and as long as there are no other alternatives, the trend will continue to apply multidisciplinary management, such as promote the traditional use of the Erythrina genus to manage pain and inflammation. In this sense, the Erythrina genus produces a wide range of secondary metabolites, including flavanones, isoflavones, isoflavones, and pterocarpans; these compounds are characterized by their antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds have demonstrated their ability to suppress pro-oxidants and inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways such as MAPK, AP1, and NFκB. Although there is preclinical evidence supporting its use, the pharmacological effect mechanisms are not entirely clear. Nowadays, there is a fast advancement in knowledge of the disciplines related to drug discovery, but most of nature’s medicinal potential has not yet been harnessed. This review analyzes the decisive role that the Erythrina genus could play in managing inflammatory pain mediated by its compounds and its uses as an antioxidant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Effects of Natural Antioxidants)
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