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Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development
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Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 16881

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kamil Růžička

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16502 Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: auxin; developmental biology; alternative splicing; RNA processing in hormonal pathways

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on development and phytohormones comprises of two intensively investigated, inseparable areas of plant biology. The approaches of developmental biology and genetics pointed out the specificity of hormonal pathways. Conversely, developmental biology benefited from broad methodological inputs used in hormonal research. This Special Issue aims to bring together inspiration from multiple research areas and promote the spreading of novel concepts used in different developmental systems and hormonal pathways.

This Special Issue also welcomes review articles. According to the scope of the Special Issue, they should promote interaction between developmental and hormonal approaches. The authors are encouraged to consult the editor(s) prior to their decision to contribute.

Dr. Kamil Růžička
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • auxins
  • cytokinins
  • ethylene
  • abscisic acid
  • brassinosteroids
  • gibberellins
  • jasmonates
  • salicylic acid
  • strigolactons
  • plant development
  • hormonal crosstalk

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3133 KiB  
Article
Salt Stress Promotes Abscisic Acid Accumulation to Affect Cell Proliferation and Expansion of Primary Roots in Rice
by Yingying Huang, Jiahao Zhou, Yuxiang Li, Ruidang Quan, Juan Wang, Rongfeng Huang and Hua Qin
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(19), 10892; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910892 - 08 Oct 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 2774
Abstract
The primary root is the basic component of the root system and plays a key role in early seedling growth in rice. Its growth is easily affected by environmental cues, such as salt stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an essential role in root [...] Read more.
The primary root is the basic component of the root system and plays a key role in early seedling growth in rice. Its growth is easily affected by environmental cues, such as salt stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an essential role in root development, but the molecular mechanism underlying ABA-regulated root growth in response to salt stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that salt stress inhibits primary root elongation and promotes primary root swelling. Moreover, salt stress induces the expression of ABA-responsive genes and ABA accumulation in the primary root, revealing that ABA plays an essential role in salt-modulated root growth. Transgenic lines of OsSAPK10-OE and OsABIL2-OE, which constitutively express OsSAPK10 or OsABIL2, with enhanced or attenuated ABA signaling, show increased and decreased sensitivity to salt, correspondingly. Microscopic analysis indicates that salt and ABA inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell expansion in the root apical meristem. Transcriptome analysis showed that ABA induces the expression of EXPANSIN genes. Further investigations indicate that ABA exerts these effects largely through ABA signaling. Thus, our findings deepen our understanding of the role of ABA in controlling primary root growth in response to salt stress, and this knowledge can be used by breeders to cultivate rice varieties suitable for saline–alkali land. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development)
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19 pages, 2042 KiB  
Article
Xyloglucan Remodeling Defines Auxin-Dependent Differential Tissue Expansion in Plants
by Silvia Melina Velasquez, Xiaoyuan Guo, Marçal Gallemi, Bibek Aryal, Peter Venhuizen, Elke Barbez, Kai Alexander Dünser, Martin Darino, Aleš Pĕnčík, Ondřej Novák, Maria Kalyna, Gregory Mouille, Eva Benková, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao, Jozef Mravec and Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9222; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179222 - 26 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3384
Abstract
Size control is a fundamental question in biology, showing incremental complexity in plants, whose cells possess a rigid cell wall. The phytohormone auxin is a vital growth regulator with central importance for differential growth control. Our results indicate that auxin-reliant growth programs affect [...] Read more.
Size control is a fundamental question in biology, showing incremental complexity in plants, whose cells possess a rigid cell wall. The phytohormone auxin is a vital growth regulator with central importance for differential growth control. Our results indicate that auxin-reliant growth programs affect the molecular complexity of xyloglucans, the major type of cell wall hemicellulose in eudicots. Auxin-dependent induction and repression of growth coincide with reduced and enhanced molecular complexity of xyloglucans, respectively. In agreement with a proposed function in growth control, genetic interference with xyloglucan side decorations distinctly modulates auxin-dependent differential growth rates. Our work proposes that auxin-dependent growth programs have a spatially defined effect on xyloglucan’s molecular structure, which in turn affects cell wall mechanics and specifies differential, gravitropic hypocotyl growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development)
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14 pages, 2274 KiB  
Article
Overexpression Populus d-Type Cyclin Gene PsnCYCD1;1 Influences Cell Division and Produces Curved Leaf in Arabidopsis thaliana
by Tangchun Zheng, Lijuan Dai, Yi Liu, Shuang Li, Mi Zheng, Zhongnan Zhao and Guan-Zheng Qu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5837; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115837 - 29 May 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2516
Abstract
d-type cyclins (CYCDs) are a special class of cyclins and play extremely important roles in plant growth and development. In the plant kingdom, most of the existing studies on CYCDs have been done on herbaceous plants, with few on perennial woody plants. [...] Read more.
d-type cyclins (CYCDs) are a special class of cyclins and play extremely important roles in plant growth and development. In the plant kingdom, most of the existing studies on CYCDs have been done on herbaceous plants, with few on perennial woody plants. Here, we identified a Populus d-type cyclin gene, PsnCYCD1;1, which is mainly transcribed in leaf buds and stems. The promoter of PsnCYCD1;1 activated GUS gene expression and transgenic Arabidopsis lines were strongly GUS stained in whole seedlings and mature anthers. Moreover, subcellular localization analysis showed the fluorescence signal of PsnCYCD1;1-GFP fusion protein is present in the nucleus. Furthermore, overexpression of the PsnCYCD1;1 gene in Arabidopsis can promote cell division and lead to small cell generation and cytokinin response, resulting in curved leaves and twisted inflorescence stems. Moreover, the transcriptional levels of endogenous genes, such as ASs, KNATs, EXP10, and PHB, were upregulated by PsnCYCD1;1. Together, our results indicated that PsnCYCD1;1 participates in cell division by cytokinin response, providing new information on controlling plant architecture in woody plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development)
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Review

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18 pages, 1095 KiB  
Review
Importance of Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Hormone-Regulated Plant Growth and Development
by Weimeng Song, Li Hu, Zhihui Ma, Lei Yang and Jianming Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(12), 6603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126603 - 13 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2609
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is the most frequent post-translational modification (PTM) that plays important regulatory roles in a wide range of biological processes. Phosphorylation mainly occurs on serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), and tyrosine (Tyr) residues, with the phosphorylated Tyr sites accounting for ~1–2% of all [...] Read more.
Protein phosphorylation is the most frequent post-translational modification (PTM) that plays important regulatory roles in a wide range of biological processes. Phosphorylation mainly occurs on serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), and tyrosine (Tyr) residues, with the phosphorylated Tyr sites accounting for ~1–2% of all phosphorylated residues. Tyr phosphorylation was initially believed to be less common in plants compared to animals; however, recent investigation indicates otherwise. Although they lack typical protein Tyr kinases, plants possess many dual-specificity protein kinases that were implicated in diverse cellular processes by phosphorylating Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues. Analyses of sequenced plant genomes also identified protein Tyr phosphatases and dual-specificity protein phosphatases. Recent studies have revealed important regulatory roles of Tyr phosphorylation in many different aspects of plant growth and development and plant interactions with the environment. This short review summarizes studies that implicated the Tyr phosphorylation in biosynthesis and signaling of plant hormones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development)
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15 pages, 1794 KiB  
Review
Auxin and Target of Rapamycin Spatiotemporally Regulate Root Organogenesis
by Xiulan Xie, Ying Wang, Raju Datla and Maozhi Ren
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 11357; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111357 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4460
Abstract
The programs associated with embryonic roots (ERs), primary roots (PRs), lateral roots (LRs), and adventitious roots (ARs) play crucial roles in the growth and development of roots in plants. The root functions are involved in diverse processes such as water and nutrient absorption [...] Read more.
The programs associated with embryonic roots (ERs), primary roots (PRs), lateral roots (LRs), and adventitious roots (ARs) play crucial roles in the growth and development of roots in plants. The root functions are involved in diverse processes such as water and nutrient absorption and their utilization, the storage of photosynthetic products, and stress tolerance. Hormones and signaling pathways play regulatory roles during root development. Among these, auxin is the most important hormone regulating root development. The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway has also been shown to play a key role in root developmental programs. In this article, the milestones and influential progress of studying crosstalk between auxin and TOR during the development of ERs, PRs, LRs and ARs, as well as their functional implications in root morphogenesis, development, and architecture, are systematically summarized and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormonal Regulations of Plant Development)
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