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Neurodegeneration in Different Pathophysiological Conditions
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Neurodegeneration in Different Pathophysiological Conditions

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 1762

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Virginia Tancredi

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Guest Editor
Department of Systems Medicine and Centre of Space Biomedicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: synaptic plasticity; neurophysiology; aging; physical activity and wellness; cognitive perception; sport training; quality of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ida Cariati

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Guest Editor
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: exercise; aging; whole body vibration; musculoskeletal diseases; osteoporosis; sarcopenia; neurodegeneration; quality of life; microgravity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative diseases include numerous debilitating conditions characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction and loss, leading to different clinical phenotypes. An interaction between genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms would appear to underlie neurodegenerative processes. Furthermore, the amyloid deposit formation in specific areas of the brain has been indicated as the main cause of neuronal death, in association with calcium homeostasis deregulation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Despite recent scientific advances, the pathogenesis of these disorders remains poorly understood, leaving a significant gap in the availability of effective treatments to halt neurodegenerative processes or at least alleviate symptoms. In recent years, numerous researchers have supported the importance of exercise in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, considering it a valid strategy for reducing and delaying the onset of symptoms. In this regard, it is now generally accepted that regular physical activity promotes the release of circulating myokines and metabolites during muscle contraction, which can influence neuronal functions, thus modifying neurotransmission in different brain regions and improving cognitive processes such as learning and memory. However, the involvement of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms hampers the development of strategies to counteract and/or diagnose the cognitive decline underlying neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring the need for further investigations that enable the development of preventive approaches to minimize the impact of neurodegeneration. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to summarize the most recent evidence on the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration to identify new potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies to counteract cognitive decline.

Prof. Dr. Virginia Tancredi
Dr. Ida Cariati
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • cognitive decline
  • neuronal death
  • aging
  • etiopathology
  • biomarkers
  • preventive strategies
  • exercise
 

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 638 KiB  
Article
Serum Biomarkers of a Pro-Neuroinflammatory State May Define the Pre-Operative Risk for Postoperative Delirium in Spine Surgery
by Johanna Ruhnau, Jonas Müller, Stephan Nowak, Sarah Strack, Denise Sperlich, Anna Pohl, Jasmin Dilz, Angelika Saar, Yannick Veser, Frederik Behr, Sebastian Rehberg, Taras Usichenko, Klaus Hahnenkamp, Johannes Ehler, Agnes Flöel, Henry W. S. Schroeder, Jan-Uwe Müller, Robert Fleischmann and Antje Vogelgesang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(12), 10335; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210335 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1357
Abstract
Advances in spine surgery enable technically safe interventions in older patients with disabling spine disease, yet postoperative delirium (POD) poses a serious risk for postoperative recovery. This study investigates biomarkers of pro-neuroinflammatory states that may help objectively define the pre-operative risk for POD. [...] Read more.
Advances in spine surgery enable technically safe interventions in older patients with disabling spine disease, yet postoperative delirium (POD) poses a serious risk for postoperative recovery. This study investigates biomarkers of pro-neuroinflammatory states that may help objectively define the pre-operative risk for POD. This study enrolled patients aged ≥60 scheduled for elective spine surgery under general anesthesia. Biomarkers for a pro-neuroinflammatory state included S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100β), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Gasdermin D, and the soluble ectodomain of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2). Postoperative changes of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed as markers of systemic inflammation preoperatively, intraoperatively, and early postoperatively (up to 48 h). Patients with POD (n = 19, 75.7 ± 5.8 years) had higher pre-operative levels of sTREM2 (128.2 ± 69.4 pg/mL vs. 97.2 ± 52.0 pg/mL, p = 0.049) and Gasdermin D (2.9 ± 1.6 pg/mL vs. 2.1 ± 1.4 pg/mL, p = 0.29) than those without POD (n = 25, 75.6 ± 5.1 years). STREM2 was additionally a predictor for POD (OR = 1.01/(pg/mL) [1.00–1.03], p = 0.05), moderated by IL-6 (Wald-χ2 = 4.06, p = 0.04). Patients with POD additionally showed a significant increase in IL-6, IL-1β, and S100β levels on the first postoperative day. This study identified higher levels of sTREM2 and Gasdermin D as potential markers of a pro-neuroinflammatory state that predisposes to the development of POD. Future studies should confirm these results in a larger cohort and determine their potential as an objective biomarker to inform delirium prevention strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurodegeneration in Different Pathophysiological Conditions)
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