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Special Issue "Feature Papers in 'Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics' 2024"

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Dear Colleagues,

In this International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) Special Issue, new and original research that has a broad readership from all aspects of physical chemistry and chemical physics is published. For publication here, research must provide significant new innovations and insights in the physical chemistry and chemical physics fields with a focus on molecular research. The submitted articles will be judged by the Editors and peer-reviewers. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

Intermolecular forces that act upon the physical properties of materials;
Reaction kinetics on the rate of a reaction;
The identity of ions and the electrical conductivity of materials;
Surface science and the electrochemistry of cell membranes;
Probing the structure and dynamics of ions, free radicals, polymers, clusters, and molecules;
Chemical structures and reactions at the quantum mechanical level;
The structure and reactivity of gas-phase ions and radicals;
Energy/charge transfer dynamics in organic/inorganic materials;
Physical processes in nanomaterials.

Prof. Dr. Dongho Kim
Guest Editor

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Keywords

heterogeneous structures
alignment and surface phenomena
quantum theory
mathematical physics
statistical and classical mechanics
molecular structure
chemical kinetics
laser physics
dynamics
kinetics
photochemistry
spectroscopy
exciton dynamics
statistical mechanics
thermodynamics
electrochemistry
catalysis
surface science
quantum mechanics
theoretical developments
fundamental aspects of catalysis
solar energy conversion
polymer dynamics etc

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25 pages, 4676 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Gas-Phase vs. Grain-Surface Formation of Interstellar Complex Organic Molecules: A Comprehensive Quantum-Chemical Study

Berta Martínez-Bachs

and

Albert Rimola

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(23), 16824; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316824 - 27 Nov 2023

Viewed by 256

Abstract

Several organic chemical compounds (the so-called interstellar complex organic molecules, iCOMs) have been identified in the interstellar medium (ISM). Examples of iCOMs are formamide (HCONH₂), acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO), methyl formate (CH₃OCHO), or formic acid (HCOOH). iCOMs can serve as precursors of other organic molecules of enhanced complexity, and hence they are key species in chemical evolution in the ISM. The formation of iCOMs is still a subject of a vivid debate, in which gas-phase or grain-surface syntheses have been postulated. In this study, we investigate the grain-surface-formation pathways for the four above-mentioned iCOMs by transferring their primary gas-phase synthetic routes onto water ice surfaces. Our objective is twofold: (i) to identify potential grain-surface-reaction mechanisms leading to the formation of these iCOMs, and (ii) to decipher either parallelisms or disparities between the gas-phase and the grain-surface reactions. Results obtained indicate that the presence of the icy surface modifies the energetic features of the reactions compared to the gas-phase scenario, by increasing some of the energy barriers. Therefore, the investigated gas-phase mechanisms seem unlikely to occur on the icy grains, highlighting the distinctiveness between the gas-phase and the grain-surface chemistry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics' 2024)

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16 pages, 11914 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Organelle Imaging with Terahertz Scattering-Type Scanning Near-Field Microscope

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13630; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713630 - 04 Sep 2023

Viewed by 588

Abstract

Organelles play core roles in living beings, especially in internal cellular actions, but the hidden information inside the cell is difficult to extract in a label-free manner. In recent years, terahertz (THz) imaging has attracted much attention because of its penetration depth in nonpolar and non-metallic materials and label-free, non-invasive and non-ionizing ability to obtain the interior information of bio-samples. However, the low spatial resolution of traditional far-field THz imaging systems and the weak dielectric contrast of biological samples hinder the application of this technology in the biological field. In this paper, we used an advanced THz scattering near-field imaging method for detecting chloroplasts on gold substrate with nano-flatness combined with an image processing method to remove the background noise and successfully obtained the subcellular-grade internal reticular structure from an Arabidopsis chloroplast THz image. In contrast, little inner information could be observed in the tea chloroplast in similar THz images. Further, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mass spectroscopy (MS) were also used to detect structural and chemical differences inside the chloroplasts of Arabidopsis and tea plants. The preliminary results suggested that the interspecific different THz information is related to the internal spatial structures of chloroplasts and metabolite differences among species. Therefore, this method could open a new way to study the structure of individual organelles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics' 2024)

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Special Issue "Feature Papers in 'Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics' 2024"

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