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Molecular Interactions between Plants and Pests

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2024 | Viewed by 743

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, IPSP-Bari Unit, Department of Biology, Agricultural and Food Sciences, DISBA, National Council of Research, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
Interests: plant immune system; plant pests; biochemistry; immunology; nematodes; oxygen metabolism
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants have always been exposed to attacks to their aboveground parts by insects and to their roots by soil-borne parasites (mostly by parasitic nematodes). Plant–pest interactions are primarily characterized by the feeding habits of pests, which can be categorized as necrotrophs, biotrophs and hemibiotrophs. Biotrophic interactions are the most intriguing as pests do not kill host cells and establish an intimate relationship with the host by secreting digestive fluids that are able to induce considerable changes in host gene expression, metabolism, biochemistry, and tissue histology. The interactions induce an elaborate array of reactions involving the release of volatile compounds, effector and signaling molecules, trans-membrane proteins, and a variety of enzymes and hormones.

At the root level, interactions are more complex because of the presence of an array of soil microorganisms that constitute the rhizosphere with a rich microbiome. Beneficial groups of microorganisms are selected by plants from bulk soil to act as defense activators against pests of roots and leaves. The molecular aspects of this sort of immunization, which can occur in natural soils or be induced in agricultural cropping systems, have still scarcely been investigated.

This Special Issue welcomes multifaceted research on the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms activated in plant–pest interactions, including the complex network of molecules, signals, and pathways that overcome mutually established defense systems. The aim of this Special Issue is also to gather the most recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of immunization induced by rhizosphere beneficials, and those exerted in the immune response when insects or soil-borne pests attack immunized plants. An additional aim of this Special Issue is to highlight signaling and metabolic pathways through which immunized plants recognize challenges and promptly react to invasions, mitigating infection damage and pest reproduction.

Dr. Sergio Molinari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • immunity molecular mechanisms
  • plant immunity
  • plant pests
  • root microbiome
  • plant defense signaling
  • defense metabolites
  • plant defense tolerance
  • plant receptors
  • effectors
  • elicitors
  • phytophagous arthropod co-evolution
  • effectors

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 3391 KiB  
Article
Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Rapid Detection of Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and A. carbonarius in Nuts
by Wanissa Mellikeche, Alessandra Ricelli, Giulia Casini, Marilita Gallo, Nuray Baser, Giancarlo Colelli and Anna Maria D’Onghia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3809; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073809 - 29 Mar 2024
Viewed by 528
Abstract
Aspergillus species create major postharvest problems due to the food losses caused by their mere presence and the hazardous mycotoxins they produce, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). These mycotoxins are mainly produced by A. flavus and A. carbonarius, [...] Read more.
Aspergillus species create major postharvest problems due to the food losses caused by their mere presence and the hazardous mycotoxins they produce, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). These mycotoxins are mainly produced by A. flavus and A. carbonarius, respectively. In this study, we developed a rapid detection method for the two aforementioned species based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The primers were designed to target genes belonging to the mycotoxin clusters pks and aflT for A. carbonarius and A. flavus, respectively. Result visualization was carried out in real time via the detection of fluorescent signals. The method developed showed high sensitivity and specificity, with detection limits of 0.3 and 0.03 pg/reaction of purified DNA of A. carbonarius and A. flavus, respectively. The assays were further implemented on inoculated nuts, including pistachios and almonds, after one-step crude DNA extraction. These tests revealed a detection level of 0.5 spore/g that shows the effectiveness of LAMP as a rapid method for detecting potentially toxigenic Aspergillus spp. directly in food. The validation of the assays included tests on a larger scale that further confirmed their sensitivity and specificity, as well as enabling the production of ready-to-use LAMP prototype kits. These kits are easy to use and aim to simplify the screening of food samples in order to monitor the presence of specific Aspergillus contaminations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Interactions between Plants and Pests)
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