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Dear Colleagues,

Ribosomes have traditionally been considered a homologous population, i.e., ribosomes are distributed evenly throughout the cytoplasm and all have the same structure and functional capabilities. In recent years, several observations suggest that this model needs revision. Emerging evidence suggests that ribosomes can be “specialized” with different compositions and functions: Some species contain paralogous ribosomal protein genes encoding (slightly) different sequences and have different intron-exon structures; rRNA can be differentially cleaved and both rRNA and ribosomal proteins can be decorated differentially with modifying groups; and protein translation may be distributed unevenly in the cell.

This special volume aims to generate a collection of papers that sheds light on the concept of specialized ribosomes and their potential importance for cell function, growth, and environmental adaptation. I invite the submission of original research papers, reviews, and theoretical considerations that contribute to the understanding of the evolving model of ribosomes and their translational properties.

Prof. Dr. Lasse Lindahl
Guest Editor

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Keywords

specialised ribosomes
ribosome heterogeneity
differential rRNA modification
ribosomal protein paralog genes
variation ribosome composition

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8 pages, 572 KiB

Open AccessHypothesis

The Ribosome Hypothesis: Decoding Mood Disorder Complexity

by Vandana Sharma, Karthik Swaminathan and Rammohan Shukla

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(5), 2815; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052815 - 29 Feb 2024

Viewed by 489

Abstract

Several types of mood disorders lie along a continuum, with nebulous boundaries between them. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to mood disorder complexity is critical for effective treatment. However, present treatments are largely centered around neurotransmission and receptor-based hypotheses, which, given the high instance of treatment resistance, fail to adequately explain the complexities of mood disorders. In this opinion piece, based on our recent results, we propose a ribosome hypothesis of mood disorders. We suggest that any hypothesis seeking to explain the diverse nature of mood disorders must incorporate infrastructure diversity that results in a wide range of effects. Ribosomes, with their mobility across neurites and complex composition, have the potential to become specialized during stress; thus, ribosome diversity and dysregulation are well suited to explaining mood disorder complexity. Here, we first establish a framework connecting ribosomes to the current state of knowledge associated with mood disorders. Then, we describe the potential mechanisms through which ribosomes could homeostatically regulate systems to manifest diverse mood disorder phenotypes and discuss approaches for substantiating the ribosome hypothesis. Investigating these mechanisms as therapeutic targets holds promise for transdiagnostic avenues targeting mood disorders. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Evolving Ribosome Concept)

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