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The Role of Natural Products in Skin Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 10463

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
Interests: skin pharmacology; ocular pharmacology; cardiovascular pharmacology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The major function of the skin is as a barrier against the external environment, which plays a particularly important role in maintaining the health of the body. Conditions of the human integumentary system constitute a broad spectrum of diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis and cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Among them, atopic dermatitis (AD) is induced by two hypothetical causes: from the inside out, or from the outside in. Allergy triggers lead to a weakened skin barrier, which facilitates the introduction and presentation of allergens. This suggests that inflammation is the culprit for an impaired skin barrier, leading to increased penetration of allergens and response-causing microorganisms, i.e., the inside-out hypothesis. In the other hypothesis, it is the skin barrier that is damaged prior to AD, and this is required for the development of immune dysregulation. For example, the downregulation of filaggrin, which is required for the skin barrier function, may make the skin more susceptible to immune dysregulation and lead to AD. This is the outside-in hypothesis. Many skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, do not yet have an effective, economical treatment with few side effects.

Natural products are those chemical substances produced by living organisms in nature that usually have pharmacological or biological activity. Natural products have been found in the past to regulate allergy and anti-inflammatory effects. It is believed that many ingredients have the ability to modulate the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that cause skin disease. Through this Special Issue, more potential natural candidate ingredients may be discovered and published.

Prof. Dr. Chi-Feng Hung
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • skin disease
  • atopic dermatitis
  • skin barrier
  • allergy
  • inflammation
  • cytokine

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 5439 KiB  
Article
Obacunone Photoprotective Effects against Solar-Simulated Radiation–Induced Molecular Modifications in Primary Keratinocytes and Full-Thickness Human Skin
by Paula Montero, Maria José Villarroel, Inés Roger, Anselm Morell, Javier Milara and Julio Cortijo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11484; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411484 - 14 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Solar radiation can cause damage to the skin, leading to various adverse effects such as sunburn, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, DNA damage, and photoaging. To study the potential of photoprotective agents, full-thickness skin models are increasingly being used as in vitro tools. [...] Read more.
Solar radiation can cause damage to the skin, leading to various adverse effects such as sunburn, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, DNA damage, and photoaging. To study the potential of photoprotective agents, full-thickness skin models are increasingly being used as in vitro tools. One promising approach to photoprotection involves targeting the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2, which is responsible for regulating various cellular defense mechanisms, including the antioxidant response, inflammatory signaling, and DNA repair. Obacunone, a natural triterpenoid, has been identified as a potent Nrf2 agonist. The present study aims to evaluate the relevance of full-thickness (FT) skin models in photoprotection studies and to explore the potential photoprotective effects of obacunone on those models and in human keratinocytes. Phenion® full-thickness skin models and keratinocytes were incubated with increasing concentrations of obacunone and irradiated with solar-simulated radiation (SSR). Various photodamage markers were evaluated, including histological integrity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, photoaging-related dermal markers, and photocarcinogenesis markers. Increasing doses of SSR were found to modulate various biomarkers related to sun damage in the FT skin models. However, obacunone attenuated cytotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, sunburn reaction, photoaging, and photocarcinogenesis in both keratinocytes and full thickness skin models exposed to SSR. These results suggest that obacunone may have potential as a photoprotective agent for preventing the harmful effects of solar radiation on the skin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural Products in Skin Disease)
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19 pages, 1434 KiB  
Article
The Anti-Acne Potential and Chemical Composition of Knautia drymeia Heuff. and Knautia macedonica Griseb Extracts
by Małgorzata Chrząszcz, Małgorzata Miazga-Karska, Katarzyna Klimek, Michał P. Dybowski, Rafał Typek, Dorota Tchórzewska and Katarzyna Dos Santos Szewczyk
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9188; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119188 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1389
Abstract
The treatment of acne and other seborrheic diseases has arisen as a significant clinical challenge due to the increasing appearance of multi-drug resistant pathogens and a high frequency of recurrent lesions. Taking into consideration the fact that some Knautia species are valuable curatives [...] Read more.
The treatment of acne and other seborrheic diseases has arisen as a significant clinical challenge due to the increasing appearance of multi-drug resistant pathogens and a high frequency of recurrent lesions. Taking into consideration the fact that some Knautia species are valuable curatives in skin diseases in traditional medicine, we assumed that the thus far unstudied species K. drymeia and K. macedonica may be a source of active substances used in skin diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities of their extracts and fractions. An LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 47 compounds belonging to flavonoids and phenolic acids in both species while the GC-MS procedure allowed for the identification mainly sugar derivatives, phytosterols, and fatty acids and their esters. The ethanol as well as methanol-acetone-water (3:1:1) extracts of K. drymeia (KDE and KDM) exhibited great ability to scavenge free radicals and good capacity to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenase. Moreover, they had the most favorable low minimal inhibitory concentration values against acne strains, and importantly, they were non-toxic toward normal skin fibroblasts. In conclusion, K. drymeia extracts seem to be promising and safe agents for further biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural Products in Skin Disease)
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19 pages, 13386 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Juglone Revealed in a Wound Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection
by Yangli Wan, Xiaowen Wang, Liu Yang, Qianhong Li, Xuting Zheng, Tianyi Bai and Xin Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3931; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043931 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1683
Abstract
A serious problem currently facing the field of wound healing is bacterial infection, especially Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Although the application of antibiotics has achieved good effects, their irregular use has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. It is [...] Read more.
A serious problem currently facing the field of wound healing is bacterial infection, especially Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Although the application of antibiotics has achieved good effects, their irregular use has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. It is thus the purpose of this study to analyze whether the naturally extracted phenolic compound, juglone, can inhibit S. aureus in wound infection. The results show that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of juglone against S. aureus was 1000 μg/mL. Juglone inhibited the growth of S. aureus by inhibiting membrane integrity and causing protein leakage. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, juglone inhibited biofilm formation, the expression of α-hemolysin, the hemolytic activity, and the production of proteases and lipases of S. aureus. When applied to infected wounds in Kunming mice, juglone (50 μL juglone with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the number of S. aureus and had a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β). Moreover, the juglone-treated group promoted wound healing. At the same time, in animal toxicity experiments, juglone had no obvious toxic effects on the main tissues and organs of mice, indicating that juglone has good biocompatibility and has the potential to be used in the treatment of wounds infected with S. aureus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural Products in Skin Disease)
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Review

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20 pages, 1238 KiB  
Review
Flavonoids as Promising Natural Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Selected Skin Diseases
by Beáta Čižmárová, Beáta Hubková, Vladimíra Tomečková and Anna Birková
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6324; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076324 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5919
Abstract
Phytochemicals represent a large and diverse group of naturally occurring compounds, bioactive nutrients, or phytonutrients produced by plants, widely found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains products, legumes, beans, herbs, seeds, nuts, tea, and dark chocolate. They are classified according to their chemical structures [...] Read more.
Phytochemicals represent a large and diverse group of naturally occurring compounds, bioactive nutrients, or phytonutrients produced by plants, widely found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains products, legumes, beans, herbs, seeds, nuts, tea, and dark chocolate. They are classified according to their chemical structures and functional properties. Flavonoids belong to the phenolic class of phytochemicals with potential solid pharmacological effects as modulators of multiple signal transduction pathways. Their beneficial effect on the human body is associated with their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. Flavonoids are also widely used in various nutritional, pharmaceutical, medical, and cosmetic applications. In our review, we discuss the positive effect of flavonoids on chronic skin diseases such as vitiligo, psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural Products in Skin Disease)
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