Processing BIM and GIS Models in Theory and Practice

A special issue of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (ISSN 2220-9964).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11240

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: photogrammetry; laser scanning; automation; 3D modelling; monitoring; computer vision
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Milan, Italy
Interests: photogrammetry; earth observation; optical multi-spectral image processing; laser scanner data processing; GIS; cultural heritage; cultural landscapes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, in the digital era, numerous coordinated actions have already been taken on national and international levels to ensure access to, the visualization of, and the possibly of the download of publicly available digital data. In particular, experts state that geospatial information, which is very often in the charge of public authorities, is of high importance when it comes to exchange between the public and private sectors. Such interaction is often required for large-scale interventions (e.g., the mitigation of climate change’s effects, natural hazards, or accidents) but still has an important impact on the local built environment (e.g., the UHI effect, the risk assessment and identification of damage, securing interventions for infrastructures and buildings, etc.). Improved access to digital information within better-integrated platforms that consider data at different scales should be fostered for several reasons: (i) to avoid the multiplication of large quantities of already-existing information; (ii) to create applications and services that will facilitate both expert and non-expert users; (iii) to allow a more holistic approach to decision making during emergency situations and ordinary management.

In this context, BIM and GIS integration has a crucial role. Building information modeling (BIM) and geographic information systems (GIS) are now used in a variety of applications. Although based on different technologies and developed for addressing different practical problems, the acronyms share a common “I” (information) and a common purpose: the better access, use, and understanding of digital information. However, several technical and practical issues need to be considered. This Special Issue aims at collecting both theoretical and application-oriented manuscripts dealing with the integrated use of BIM and GIS. In fact, both technologies can be simultaneously exploited to solve interconnected challenges, in which data processing sometimes requires moving the analysis from and to specific software packages and/or implementing new solutions. The key idea is to demonstrate improved interoperability with the consequent generation of more holistic workflows through the simultaneous use of BIM and GIS data and tools.

This Special Issue aims at demonstrating methods, case studies, theoretical approaches, and effective projects where the BIM–GIS integration challenge has been faced. The possible topics include but are not limited to:

  • Infrastructure design and management;
  • Risk and hazard assessment, mitigation, and management;
  • Smart cities;
  • Technology infrastructures and facilities;
  • Multiscale projects;
  • Semantic integration in the BIM and GIS domains;
  • Urban regeneration and nature-based solutions;
  • Facility management and urban planning.

Dr. Luigi Barazzetti
Dr. Mattia Previtali
Dr. Branka Cuca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • BIM
  • GIS
  • infrastructure
  • urban
  • risks
  • hazards

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2865 KiB  
Article
Structure Monitoring with BIM and IoT: The Case Study of a Bridge Beam Model
by Andrea Scianna, Giuseppe Fulvio Gaglio and Marcello La Guardia
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11(3), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11030173 - 04 Mar 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5723
Abstract
The diffusion of Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a reference methodology, applied to the world of construction, leads to important changes in the design and the management of big constructions and infrastructures. However, although the BIM approach is necessary for managing the entire [...] Read more.
The diffusion of Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a reference methodology, applied to the world of construction, leads to important changes in the design and the management of big constructions and infrastructures. However, although the BIM approach is necessary for managing the entire life cycle of a construction, today, this methodology is still rarely adopted beyond the design phase. This represents a major flaw because the management of every phase of the life cycle of buildings needs accurate preliminary planning. Certainly, one of the most complex and important phases of the life cycle of a construction is the monitoring phase, which represents a fundamental aspect for the maintenance and the safe fruition of buildings or civil constructions. Considering this, the multidisciplinary approach of merging BIM methodology with real-time monitoring, using low-cost IoT (Internet of Things) sensors, seems to be an interesting topic to develop. In this paper, we will propose an example of a connection between an IoT system and a BIM model for monitoring the deflection of a bridge beam at the centerline using a schematic scale model reproduced in the laboratory and modelled in BIM. The developed system allows the real-time connection between the real model and its digital twin through the use of a relational database management system (RDBMS), to which the data detected by the sensor are transmitted, allowing the risk assessment of the real structure. This solution gives the possibility to remotely monitor, in real time, the behaviour of the structure visualised in the BIM model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing BIM and GIS Models in Theory and Practice)
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20 pages, 5803 KiB  
Article
Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System
by Qiang Yang, Xu Zhang, Zhongren Zhang, Longjiang He, Xiaojie Yan and Jiaming Na
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11(2), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11020110 - 03 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2946
Abstract
The spatial–temporal simulation of fire disasters and evacuation route planning are important research fields for urban emergency responses and are primary tasks that answer complex questions after fires break out. The increasing demand for refined building information models will sharply increase the calculated [...] Read more.
The spatial–temporal simulation of fire disasters and evacuation route planning are important research fields for urban emergency responses and are primary tasks that answer complex questions after fires break out. The increasing demand for refined building information models will sharply increase the calculated and analyzed quantity. This demand presents a challenge for fire emergency responses based on massive building information. In this paper, the principle of the realistic worst case (RWC) is introduced into fire simulation and evacuation route planning. Taking the library of the Nanjing Forestry University as the study object, the spatial–temporal characteristics of the influential environmental factors of the fire are simulated, such as the meteorological elements, building structure, and building skin. The scenario zones that are relatively prone to fire are selected using an overlay analysis across the four seasons. Then, the risk threshold for evacuating personnel is analyzed in the fire zone according to international standards and firefighting criteria. Specific parameters are determined based on the analysis of the above. The growing trends for fires across the four seasons are simulated with scenario zones as the starting positions and incorporate factors such as temperature, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Lastly, a life safety assurance path (LSAP) for personnel evacuation is designed based on an indoor road network and path search algorithm. The evacuation planning result is compared with the traditional shortest-time path and shortest-distance path. Based on the study results, fire scenario zones can improve the speed and operating efficiency of spatial–temporal simulation models of fire and can also support path planning and design for emergency responses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing BIM and GIS Models in Theory and Practice)
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18 pages, 6308 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Zone Staged Indoor Emergency Evacuation Algorithm Based on Time Equalization
by Litao Han, Cheng Gong, Lei Gu, Hu Qiao, Aiguo Zhang and Mengfan Liu
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(8), 499; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10080499 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1688
Abstract
Most of the existing staged evacuation algorithms only consider the impact of crowd density on evacuation partition, but do not take into account the influence of the spatial distribution of occupants and the capacity of exits on the total evacuation time (TET). Therefore, [...] Read more.
Most of the existing staged evacuation algorithms only consider the impact of crowd density on evacuation partition, but do not take into account the influence of the spatial distribution of occupants and the capacity of exits on the total evacuation time (TET). Therefore, a novel indoor emergency evacuation algorithm based on time equalization is proposed in this paper. All factors affecting TET such as the position and size of each group and the capacity of exits are fully considered in the proposed algorithm, which are uniformly converted into the occupancy time of each exit. An improved Dijkstra algorithm is used to generate evacuation zones according to the proximity relationship and the occupancy time of different exits. The strategy of waiting at the starting point is adopted to ensure that all evacuees are free from congestion during the escape process. In addition, the method of group merging is proposed to further increase the balance among all zones during the partitioning process. The objectives of the proposed algorithm include minimizing the TET of all evacuees, the path length of each escape group, avoiding congestion during the escape process. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces TET and the path length of groups compared with existing algorithms, which improves the efficiency of evacuation and utilization of all exits and can be applied to the various distribution and density of evacuees. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing BIM and GIS Models in Theory and Practice)
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