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Energies
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Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control
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Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 11546

Special Issue Editor

Dr. David Schoenwald

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Electric Power Systems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA
Interests: power system oscillations; energy storage; control system design and implementation; grid integration of renewable energy; dynamic modeling and simulation of large-scale systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The design and implementation of reliable, secure, and stable grid control systems have become more challenging with ever-increasing penetration of inverter-connected resources, e.g., solar and wind energy storage, as well as the potential for malicious/inadvertent cybersecurity threats. Likewise, there have also been recent advances in measurement technologies, high-speed reliable data networks, and advanced control methodologies that can enable the design of more robust, resilient control systems.

In this context, “Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control”, is a Special Issue of Energies that will publish original papers about the design, architectures, algorithms, simulation, and implementation of control systems for power grid applications at all levels including transmission, distribution, and microgrids. These papers should address state-of-the-art research and developments, as well as future trends in electric grid control. Papers that address (but are not limited to) the following topics are invited:

  1. Application of wide-area measurement technologies in grid control system development;
  2. Control system applications for small signal stability;
  3. Control system applications for sub-synchronous stability;
  4. Control system applications for transient stability;
  5. Control system applications for voltage stability;
  6. Control system design and implementation on the demand side of the grid;
  7. Control system design in power grids using network acquired measurement data;
  8. Control system design strategies for grids with high penetration of renewable energy;
  9. Control system design to enhance power grid resilience;
  10. Control system development for distribution systems and microgrids;
  11. Incorporation of cybersecurity in power grid control system design;
  12. Optimization-based control strategies in power systems;
  13. Power system modeling and simulation applied to control system development process;
  14. Real-time control system design and implementation;
  15. Robust control techniques applied to power systems.
Dr. David Schoenwald
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cyber Security
  • Distribution
  • Microgrids
  • Network-based control systems
  • Power grid reliability and resilience
  • Power system modeling and simulation
  • Power system optimization
  • Real-time control
  • Renewable energy
  • Robust control
  • Small signal stability
  • Sub-synchronous stability
  • Transient stability
  • Transmission
  • Voltage stability
  • Wide-area measurement systems

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 1535 KiB  
Article
Feedback Control Strategy for Transient Stability Application
by Samuel T. Ojetola, Josh Wold and Daniel Trudnowski
Energies 2022, 15(16), 6016; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15166016 - 19 Aug 2022
Viewed by 950
Abstract
Power systems are subjected to a wide range of disturbances during daily operations. Severe disturbances, such as a loss of a large generator, a three-phase bolted fault on a generator bus, or a loss of a transmission line, can lead to the loss [...] Read more.
Power systems are subjected to a wide range of disturbances during daily operations. Severe disturbances, such as a loss of a large generator, a three-phase bolted fault on a generator bus, or a loss of a transmission line, can lead to the loss of synchronism of a generator or group of generators. The ability of a power system to maintain synchronism during the few seconds after being subjected to a severe disturbance is known as transient stability. Most of the modern methods of controlling transient stability involve special protection schemes or remedial action schemes. These special protection schemes sense predetermined system conditions and take corrective actions, such as generator tripping or generation re-dispatch, in real time to maintain transient stability. Another method is the use of a real-time feedback control system to modulate the output of an actuator in response to a signal. This paper provides a fundamental evaluation of the use of feedback control strategies to improve transient stability in a power system. An optimal feedback control strategy that modulates the real power injected and absorbed by distributed energy-storage devices is proposed. Its performance is evaluated on a four-machine power system and on a 34-machine reduced-order model of the Western North American Power System. The result shows that the feedback control strategy can increase the critical fault clearing time by 60%, thereby improving the transient stability of the power system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control)
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17 pages, 1411 KiB  
Article
Frequency Control of Large-Scale Interconnected Power Systems via Battery Integration: A Comparison between the Hybrid Battery Model and WECC Model
by Roghieh Abdollahi Biroon, Pierluigi Pisu and David Schoenwald
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5605; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185605 - 07 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2333
Abstract
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in power grids highlights the role of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in enhancing the stability and reliability of electricity. A key challenge with the renewables’, specially the BESSs, integration into the power system is the [...] Read more.
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in power grids highlights the role of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in enhancing the stability and reliability of electricity. A key challenge with the renewables’, specially the BESSs, integration into the power system is the lack of proper dynamic models and their application in power system analyses. The control design strategy mainly depends on the system dynamics which underlines the importance of the system accurate dynamic modeling. Moreover, control design for the power system is a complicated issue due to its complexity and inter-connectivity, which makes the application of distributed control to improve the stability of a large-scale power system inevitable. This paper presents an optimal distributed control design for the interconnected systems to suppress the effects of small disturbances in the power system employing utility-scale batteries based on existing battery models. The control strategy is applied to two dynamic models of the battery: hybrid model and Western electricity coordinating council (WECC) model. The results show that (i) the smart scheduling of the batteries’ output reduces the inter-area oscillations and improves the stability of the power systems; (ii) the hybrid model of the battery is more user-friendly compared to the WECC model in power system analyses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control)
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21 pages, 1772 KiB  
Article
Recent Advances in Precision Clock Synchronization Protocols for Power Grid Control Systems
by Terry Jones, Doug Arnold, Frank Tuffner, Rodney Cummings and Kang Lee
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5303; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175303 - 26 Aug 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2506
Abstract
With the advent of a new Precision Time Protocol specification, new opportunities abound for clock synchronization possibilities within power grid control systems. The third iteration of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standard 1588 specification provides several new features specifically aimed at [...] Read more.
With the advent of a new Precision Time Protocol specification, new opportunities abound for clock synchronization possibilities within power grid control systems. The third iteration of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standard 1588 specification provides several new features specifically aimed at complex, wide-area deployments in which situational awareness and control require precise time agreement. This paper describes the challenges faced by existing technology, introduces the new time distribution specification, and provides examples to explain how it represents a game-changing innovation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control)
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Review

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20 pages, 634 KiB  
Review
Virtual Inertia Control Methods in Islanded Microgrids
by Vjatseslav Skiparev, Ram Machlev, Nilanjan Roy Chowdhury, Yoash Levron, Eduard Petlenkov and Juri Belikov
Energies 2021, 14(6), 1562; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061562 - 11 Mar 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4973
Abstract
Although the deployment and integration of isolated microgrids is gaining widespread support, regulation of microgrid frequency under high penetration levels of renewable sources is still being researched. Among the numerous studies on frequency stability, one key approach is based on integrating an additional [...] Read more.
Although the deployment and integration of isolated microgrids is gaining widespread support, regulation of microgrid frequency under high penetration levels of renewable sources is still being researched. Among the numerous studies on frequency stability, one key approach is based on integrating an additional loop with virtual inertia control, designed to mimic the behavior of traditional synchronous machines. In this survey, recent works related to virtual inertia control methods in islanded microgrids are reviewed. Based on a contextual analysis of recent papers from the last decade, we attempt to better understand why certain control methods are suitable for different scenarios, the currently open theoretical and numerical challenges, and which control strategies will predominate in the following years. Some of the reviewed methods are the coefficient diagram method, H-infinity-based methods, reinforcement-learning-based methods, practical-swarm-based methods, fuzzy-logic-based methods, and model-predictive controllers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Electric Grid Control)
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