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Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles
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Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2021) | Viewed by 21658

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alicia Triviño-Cabrera

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
Interests: wireless power transfer; electric vehicles; smart grids; sensor networks
Prof. Dr. José A. Aguado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
Interests: wireless power transfer, operation and planning of smart grids, integration of renewable energies in power networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wireless power transfer (WPT) refers to the technologies that enable powering a device without the need for being connected through a cable to the grid. One of the application sectors of WPT is related to electric vehicles (EV). With this technology, EVs do not only benefit from simplified user intervention but they can also extend their autonomy by dynamically charging their batteries while the vehicle is moving.
This Special Issue focuses on the designing, testing, and evaluation of inductive/resonant WPT systems for EVs. In defining EVs, we include buses, trains, cars, bicycles, boats, scooters or drones. Depending on the requirements of the vehicle, the power electronics, their control, and the design of the reactive components are adapted. Thus, papers showing the challenges of designing wireless EV chargers for a specific application are welcome. Complementary technologies are also of interest, as they play an important role in commercial wireless chargers. In this sense, we highlight the control of electromagnetic emissions, the adjustment for coil misalignments, the incorporation of V2G function, the detection of foreign objects, as well as other related topics. 

Prof. Dr. Alicia Triviño-Cabrera
Prof. Dr. José A. Aguado
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Near-field (inductive, resonant) power transfer—simulation and design
  • Static and dynamic wireless charging
  • Wireless power into roadways
  • Power electronics in EV wireless chargers
  • Coils, resonators, ferrites, modelling, simulation, and design in EV wireless chargers
  • Control of electromagnetic emissions in EV wireless chargers
  • Control schemes of EV wireless chargers
  • Design and test of V2G wireless chargers
  • Design of EV wireless chargers for static, stationary, and dynamic applications
  • Design of wireless chargers for electric buses, trains, cars, bicycles, boats, scooters, or drones
  • V2G operation of EV wireless charger
  • Directional and omni-directional wireless power transfer
  • Foreign object detection applied to EV wireless chargers
  • Standards in EV wireless chargers.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 12192 KiB  
Article
Optimal Coupler Topology for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle
by Karim Kadem, Mohamed Bensetti, Yann Le Bihan, Eric Labouré and Mustapha Debbou
Energies 2021, 14(13), 3983; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133983 - 02 Jul 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3242
Abstract
Recently, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing due to the decline of oil resources and the rising of greenhouse gas emissions. However, EVs have not received full acceptance by consumers due to the limitations of the stored energy and charging problems. [...] Read more.
Recently, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing due to the decline of oil resources and the rising of greenhouse gas emissions. However, EVs have not received full acceptance by consumers due to the limitations of the stored energy and charging problems. The dynamic or in-motion charging solution has become a suitable choice to solve the battery-related issues. Many researchers and vehicle manufacturers are working to develop an efficient charging system for EVs. In order to improve the efficiency of the dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT), the electromagnetic coupling coefficient between the two parts of the coupler must be maximized. This paper was dedicated to find the optimal topology of a magnetic coupler with the best coupling factor while taking in consideration the displacement and the misalignment of the EV. The article is introduced by developing a methodology for characterizing the electrical parameters of couplers, followed by a comparative study of different forms of coils suitable for dynamic charging of electric vehicles. The particularity of the proposed study concerned the overall dimensions, or the areas occupied by the windings of the coils remaining the same for all the chosen shapes and corresponding to the surface that is actually available under the EV. Simulation and experimental tests were carried out to validate the proposed study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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19 pages, 4678 KiB  
Article
A Secondary-Side Controlled Electric Vehicle Wireless Charger
by Fabio Corti, Alberto Reatti, Andrea Nepote, Luca Pugi, Marco Pierini, Libero Paolucci, Francesco Grasso, Emanuele Grasso and Matthias Nienhause
Energies 2020, 13(24), 6527; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246527 - 10 Dec 2020
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 2692
Abstract
In this paper, the design procedure of an electric vehicle (EV) wireless charger is presented. Unlike most of the systems available in the literature, the proposed charging system is regulated from the vehicle side. The on-board electrical circuit automatically adapts the resonant compensation [...] Read more.
In this paper, the design procedure of an electric vehicle (EV) wireless charger is presented. Unlike most of the systems available in the literature, the proposed charging system is regulated from the vehicle side. The on-board electrical circuit automatically adapts the resonant compensation to guarantee compatibility with the primary inverter characteristics and achieve high transmission efficiency without communication between sides. Moreover, the proposed control strategy, used to regulate the secondary full active rectifier (FAR), allows the supply of the the EV battery, maximizing the efficiency during the whole charging process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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19 pages, 11148 KiB  
Article
Omnidirectional WPT and Data Communication for Electric Air Vehicles: Feasibility Study
by Safa Zouaoui, Wael Dghais, Rui Melicio and Hamdi Belgacem
Energies 2020, 13(24), 6480; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246480 - 08 Dec 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1981
Abstract
This paper investigates the feasibility of using the three-dimensional omnidirectional inductive channel for power transfer and as a power line communication (PLC) for ground-based vehicle, electric air vehicle, or space applications. The simulation results were performed by the advanced design system software using [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the feasibility of using the three-dimensional omnidirectional inductive channel for power transfer and as a power line communication (PLC) for ground-based vehicle, electric air vehicle, or space applications. The simulation results were performed by the advanced design system software using lumped equivalent circuit model. The power transfer efficiency was determined based on multiport scattering (S)-parameters numerical simulation results while the theoretical channel capacity was calculated based on Matlab software as a function of the coupling coefficient considering an additive white Gaussian noise. Furthermore, the magnetic field distribution was evaluated as function of the misalignment angle θ between the receiver and the three orthogonal transmitters coils. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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28 pages, 2601 KiB  
Article
Monte-Carlo Analysis of the Influence of the Electrical Component Tolerances on the Behavior of Series-Series- and LCC-Compensated IPT Systems
by Francisco Javier López-Alcolea, Javier Vázquez, Emilio J. Molina-Martínez, Pedro Roncero-Sánchez and Alfonso Parreño Torres
Energies 2020, 13(14), 3663; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13143663 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1956
Abstract
The use of compensation networks increases the power transfer capability of inductive power transfer (IPT) systems in the battery charging process of electric vehicles (EVs). Among the proposed topologies, the Series-Series (SS) and the LCC networks are currently in widespread use in wireless [...] Read more.
The use of compensation networks increases the power transfer capability of inductive power transfer (IPT) systems in the battery charging process of electric vehicles (EVs). Among the proposed topologies, the Series-Series (SS) and the LCC networks are currently in widespread use in wireless battery chargers based on IPT systems. This paper focuses on the study of the behavior of both compensation topologies when they are detuned due to the tolerances of their components. To compare their performances, a Monte-Carlo analysis was carried out using Simulink and MATLAB. The tolerance values, assigned independently to each component, fall within a [ − 20 , 20] % range according to a normal distribution. Histograms and scatter plots were used for comparison purposes. The analysis reveals that the LCC network allows a tighter control over the currents that flow through the magnetic coupler coils. Moreover, it was found that the increments in those currents can be limited to some extent by selecting capacitors featuring low tolerance values in the LCC compensation. Nevertheless, the SS network remains an appropriate choice if size and cost are essential constraints in a given design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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14 pages, 4462 KiB  
Article
Active Shielding Applied to an Electrified Road in a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) System
by Silvano Cruciani, Tommaso Campi, Francesca Maradei and Mauro Feliziani
Energies 2020, 13(10), 2522; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102522 - 15 May 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2601
Abstract
An active coil system is proposed to shield the magnetic field produced by a dynamic wireless power transfer (WPT) system used to power electric vehicles (EVs) in motion. The considered dynamic WPT is based on an electrified road with many short-track pads. A [...] Read more.
An active coil system is proposed to shield the magnetic field produced by a dynamic wireless power transfer (WPT) system used to power electric vehicles (EVs) in motion. The considered dynamic WPT is based on an electrified road with many short-track pads. A sophisticated mathematical procedure is developed to optimize the design of the active coils configuration and their excitation. By the proposed approach, the resulting magnetic field is compliant with the reference levels (RLs) of the ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) 2010 Guidelines inside the cabin of EVs and on the side of the electrified road. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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Review

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21 pages, 3478 KiB  
Review
Wireless Power Transfer Technologies Applied to Electric Vehicles: A Review
by Alicia Triviño, José M. González-González and José A. Aguado
Energies 2021, 14(6), 1547; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061547 - 11 Mar 2021
Cited by 91 | Viewed by 8003
Abstract
The expansion on the use of Electric Vehicles demands new mechanisms to ease the charging process, making it autonomous and with a reduced user intervention. This paper reviews the technologies applied to the wireless charge of Electric Vehicles. In particular, it focuses on [...] Read more.
The expansion on the use of Electric Vehicles demands new mechanisms to ease the charging process, making it autonomous and with a reduced user intervention. This paper reviews the technologies applied to the wireless charge of Electric Vehicles. In particular, it focuses on the technologies based on the induction principle, the capacitive-based techniques, those that use radiofrequency waves and the laser powering. As described, the convenience of each technique depends on the requirements imposed on the wireless power transfer. Specifically, we can state that the power level, the distance between the power source and the electric vehicle or whether the transfer is executed with the vehicle on the move or not or the cost are critical parameters that need to be taken into account to decide which technology to use. In addition, each technique requires some complementary electronics. This paper reviews the main components that are incorporated into these systems and it provides a review of their most relevant configurations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles)
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