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Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B3: Carbon Emission and Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 February 2024) | Viewed by 4852

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pablo Benalcazar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-261 Kraków, Poland
Interests: mathematical modeling; optimization; combined heat and power; district heating; energy system planning and operation; distributed energy systems; energy management systems; power system economics; sustainable energy transitions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cristian Stet

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: energy finance; energy economics; energy transition; electricity markets; flexibility offering assets
Prof. Dr. Jacek Kamiński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-261 Kraków, Poland
Interests: power system economics; energy markets; energy and climate policy; energy transition; energy planning; mathematical modeling; decision support systems; optimization of power systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,
In recent years, we have seen a growing number of countries and companies committing to net-zero carbon strategies. By the end of 2021, more than 80 countries, responsible for over 70% of the global greenhouse gas emissions, have set net-zero targets. Yet, implementing these targets will require greater international cooperation and significant upscaling of investments in clean and resilient energy technologies and systems. Furthermore, reaching net zero is a complex and diverse undertaking that will have a profound economic and social impact. Therefore, new policy initiatives will be needed to achieve short, medium, and long term decarbonization targets. In this context, this Special Issue invites the publication of high-quality research papers, communications, and review articles covering a wide range of topics related to energy economics, energy policy, energy systems modeling and energy transition, which can help accelerate the shift towards net zero carbon emission at (inter)national, regional, and local levels.

Topics to be covered in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Economic analysis and policy;
  • Energy finance;
  • Sustainable development;
  • Novel market concepts;
  • Climate change mitigation;
  • Renewable energy;
  • Energy storage technologies;
  • Sector coupling;
  • Capacity remuneration mechanisms;
  • Energy efficiency;
  • Flexibility;
  • Energy communities;
  • Demand response;
  • Distributed energy resources;
  • Hydrogen economy;
  • Power systems;
  • Electromobility;
  • District heating systems;
  • Climate finance;
  • Carbon prices and carbon markets;
  • Carbon capture, utilization, and storage;
  • Circular economy;
  • Electricity grid infrastructure.

Dr. Pablo Benalcazar
Dr. Cristian Stet
Prof. Dr. Jacek Kamiński
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 2243 KiB  
Article
Circular Economy for the Energy System as a Leverage for Low-Carbon Transition: Long-Term Analysis of the Case of the South-East Region of France
by Carlos Andrade and Sandrine Selosse
Energies 2024, 17(6), 1407; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061407 - 14 Mar 2024
Viewed by 525
Abstract
The circular economy is a decisive strategy for reconciling economic development and the environment. In France, the CE was introduced into the law in 2015 with the objective of closing the loop. The legislation also delegates energy policy towards the French regions by [...] Read more.
The circular economy is a decisive strategy for reconciling economic development and the environment. In France, the CE was introduced into the law in 2015 with the objective of closing the loop. The legislation also delegates energy policy towards the French regions by granting them the jurisdiction to directly plan the energy–climate issues on their territory and to develop local energy resources. Thereby, the SUD PACA region has redefined its objectives and targeted carbon neutrality and the transition to a CE by 2050. To study this transition, we developed a TIMESPACA optimization model. The results show that following a CE perspective to develop a local energy system could contribute to reducing CO2 emissions by 50% in final energy consumption and reaching almost free electricity production. To obtain greater reductions, the development of the regional energy systems should follow a careful policy design favoring the transition to low energy-consuming behavior and the strategical allocation of resources across the different sectors. Biomethane should be allocated to the buildings and industrial sector, while hydrogen should be deployed for buses and freight transport vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future)
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23 pages, 3264 KiB  
Article
A Study of the Decoupling of Economic Growth from CO2 and HFCs Emissions in the EU27 Countries
by Cristina Cautisanu and Mariana Hatmanu
Energies 2023, 16(14), 5546; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145546 - 22 Jul 2023
Viewed by 904
Abstract
Economic activities are directly supported by the natural environment, and in this context, it has become crucial to analyse the phenomenon of decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation. The negative effects of economic activities on the environment are clearly visible, and understanding how [...] Read more.
Economic activities are directly supported by the natural environment, and in this context, it has become crucial to analyse the phenomenon of decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation. The negative effects of economic activities on the environment are clearly visible, and understanding how to separate economic growth from environmental harm is of utmost importance. This paper aims to study the degree of the decoupling of economic growth, measured by GDP, from environmental degradation, quantified through CO2 and HFCs emissions, at the level of each EU27 country in the periods 2008–2012 and 2013–2020. In the analysis, graphical representations and statistical tests were utilised. In the first period, most of the EU27 countries registered negative levels for the variables considered, placing them into the negative coupling stage. In the second period, the evolution of the decoupling process was visible in all the countries, enabling them to make a significant transition to the relative or absolute stages. Overall, the Nordic countries could be observed as examples of best practices, managing to achieve the most desired stage of decoupling, i.e., the absolute one. These results are important for a wide range of stakeholders implicated in the preparation of programs, projects and policies dedicated to achieving economic growth in a sustainable manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future)
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23 pages, 1839 KiB  
Article
The Impacts of Energy Efficiency Modelling in Policy Making
by Christian Calvillo
Energies 2023, 16(4), 1811; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041811 - 11 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
Bottom-up energy system models have been used extensively to analyse future energy scenarios, addressing a wide variety of policy questions. This paper focuses on energy efficiency, a key energy, climate, and economic policy area where several examples of energy system model applications can [...] Read more.
Bottom-up energy system models have been used extensively to analyse future energy scenarios, addressing a wide variety of policy questions. This paper focuses on energy efficiency, a key energy, climate, and economic policy area where several examples of energy system model applications can be found in the literature. This paper analyses how different studies implement energy efficiency scenarios in energy system models and explains how the approach taken can affect the results significantly, potentially affecting policy decisions. This analysis contributes to understanding how this type of modelling framework considers energy efficiency policy issues and the extent of insight provided, or not, on different dimensions. With the aim of identifying ‘best practice’ in using energy system models to inform effective analysis of energy efficiency policy, the UK TIMES energy system model is used to implement five different energy efficiency scenarios for residential heating following different modelling approaches and replicating scenarios available in the literature. The study concludes that energy efficiency scenarios, implementing the same target, produce significantly different results in terms of technology mix, energy use, emissions and costs. Additionally, the outcomes show that there is no overall best energy efficiency scenario, as each impacts on different policy targets, which could come into conflict with each other. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future)
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22 pages, 4176 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Approach to Long-Term Fuel Supply Planning in Combined Heat and Power Systems
by Pablo Benalcazar, Jacek Kamiński and Karol Stós
Energies 2022, 15(22), 8339; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228339 - 08 Nov 2022
Viewed by 815
Abstract
This paper examines the issue of strategic planning of fuel supplies in combined heat and power systems. This is a major challenge in energy modeling because heating-degree day calculation methods only address short-term horizons and are not suitable for the long-term planning of [...] Read more.
This paper examines the issue of strategic planning of fuel supplies in combined heat and power systems. This is a major challenge in energy modeling because heating-degree day calculation methods only address short-term horizons and are not suitable for the long-term planning of fuel supplies. In this work, a comprehensive method is proposed for strategic fuel supply planning of independent heat producers. The method considers changes in the market dynamics of residential and commercial properties, the annual rate of customer acquisition by the network operator, customer disconnections, as well as the thermal modernization of buildings for estimating the long-term thermal energy demand of an urban area. Moreover, the method develops a mathematical model to minimize production costs, taking into account the technical constraints of the system. The proposed strategic planning tool, in addition to information on the quantities of fuel consumed for heat and electricity production, also provides valuable management information on the operational costs of the CHP system and its environmental impact. The application of the method is illustrated with the analysis of a large-scale combined heat and power plant supplying heat and electricity to a city with over 500,000 inhabitants. The results indicate that depending on the changes in the primary and secondary heat markets, the demand for energy carriers may range from 107.37 TWh to 119.87 TWh. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future)
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Review

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14 pages, 890 KiB  
Review
The Intersection of Fuel and Transport Policy in Scotland: A Review of Policy, Definitions and Metrics
by Keran Sarah Boyd, Christian Calvillo, Tanja Mueller, Xiaoyi Mu and Tong Zhu
Energies 2023, 16(13), 4978; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16134978 - 27 Jun 2023
Viewed by 773
Abstract
This paper is a literature review of fuel and transport poverty in the U.K. with a focus on contextualising this challenge in Scotland. Building on the discussion in the literature, we see that the objective of policy interventions should be to provide a [...] Read more.
This paper is a literature review of fuel and transport poverty in the U.K. with a focus on contextualising this challenge in Scotland. Building on the discussion in the literature, we see that the objective of policy interventions should be to provide a mechanism for identifying vulnerable households. First, we analyse the definitions of fuel, energy, and transport poverty and observe that definitions in policy have been used to limit the scope of the issue to make it more easily addressable. In contrast, academic research points out that fuel poverty should not only encompass all energy use, including household heating, but that transport poverty should be considered under the same umbrella as the drivers overlap. We then consider the indicators used to measure fuel and transport poverty, finding that the thresholds set are arbitrary and only measure one of many possible drivers, namely expenditure. Through an analysis of the drivers, it is clear that both fuel and transport poverty are complex multidimensional challenges requiring a combination of indicators to allow the policy to accurately identify vulnerable households. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Future)
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