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Economic and Policy Challenges of the Energy Transition in CEE Countries II

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Dear Colleagues,

With the announcement of the European Green Deal, which defines a set of policy initiatives aimed at achieving a 50–55% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030 and making Europe climate neutral in 2050, the challenge of energy transition becomes even more critical. The transformation of national energy systems towards sustainability is progressing throughout all Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, yet the goals and results are different. Most Member States have made substantial progress towards meeting their long-term commitments of emissions reductions. However, some block members have struggled to meet their obligations. The effective energy transition requires the introduction of appropriately designed policy instruments and of robust economic analyses that ensure the best possible outcomes at the lowest costs for society. In this context, this Special Issue aims to bring into the discussion the challenges that CEE countries have to face and overcome while undergoing energy transition.

Contributions on the following topics, among others, are invited:

Energy transition;
Economics of energy systems;
Climate and energy policy instruments;
Power generation system transition;
Intelligent power and district heating networks;
Demand-side management and energy storage;
Integration of energy markets;
Energy efficiency;
Renewable energy;
Low- and zero-emission transport;
Smart grids;
Hydrogen economy.

Prof. Dr. Jacek Kamiński
Dr. Aleksandra Komorowska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

central and eastern european (CEE) countries
energy transition
energy policy
energy economics
energy markets
policy instruments
power generation systems
intelligent networks
demand side
energy storage
energy efficiency
renewable energy
low- and zero-emission transport
smart grids
energy security

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2974 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pumped Storage Hydropower as a Part of Energy Storage Systems in Poland—Młoty Case Study

by Jarosław Kulpa, Michał Kopacz, Kinga Stecuła and Piotr Olczak

Energies 2024, 17(8), 1830; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17081830 - 11 Apr 2024

Viewed by 333

Abstract

The increase in the share of renewable energy sources (RES) leads to a growing need for sources or systems/actions to stabilize the national energy grid. Such stabilizing actions include market tools, such as prices and demand-side response (DSR) tools, as well as flexible energy sources (e.g., gas). In addition, energy storage, where pumped storage hydroelectricity (PSH) accounts for 90% of global storage capacity, plays an important role. Therefore, the authors presented a detailed analysis of PSH in the context of the dynamic growth of installed capacity in renewable energy sources. They analyzed the economic viability of this type of power plant, with a particular emphasis on operational costs, energy production, and revenue. The Młoty case study and market data, including historical data on various PSH, were presented and analyzed. This study uses copulas, simulation, and statistical analysis. The authors proved that market prices and arbitrage actions alone are not sufficient to achieve profitability of the investment; however, additional benefits, such as fees for available power, enable the achievement of economic profitability. The reason for this is the fact that one of the main goals of PSH is to serve as a power reserve. In addition, this paper presents the analysis of the utilization of existing PSH in the form of full pumping and energy generation cycles (charging and discharging storage). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Policy Challenges of the Energy Transition in CEE Countries II)

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18 pages, 1464 KiB

Open AccessArticle

District Heating System Optimisation: A Three-Phase Thermo-Hydraulic Linear Model

by Piotr Pałka, Marcin Malec, Przemysław Kaszyński, Jacek Kamiński and Piotr Saługa

Energies 2023, 16(8), 3316; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083316 - 07 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1033

Abstract

Investments in the development of the district heating system require a thorough analysis of the technical, economic, and legal aspects. Regarding the technical and economic context, a mathematical model of the district heating system has been proposed. It optimizes both the technical and economic aspects of the function and development of a district heating system. To deal with non-linearities, the developed linear programming model is divided into three phases: flow, thermal, and pressure. Therein, non-linear dependencies are calculated between the linear optimization phases. This paper presents the main assumptions and equations that were used to calculate the parameters of the heating system, along with the optimal level of heat production, the flow rate of the heating medium in the heat nodes and edges of the network graph, the heat, power, and temperature losses at each edge, and the purchase costs of heat and its transmission. The operation of the model was tested on a real-world district heating system. The case study results confirm that the model is effective and can be used in decision support. The economic results of the model, before the calibration process, were 3.6% different from historical values. After the calibration process, they were very similar to the real data—all percentage deviations were within 1%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Policy Challenges of the Energy Transition in CEE Countries II)

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