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Advances in Electrochemical Energy System
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Advances in Electrochemical Energy System

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D2: Electrochem: Batteries, Fuel Cells, Capacitors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2023) | Viewed by 7648

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fangming Jiang

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Guest Editor
Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
Interests: fuel cell science and technology; Li-ion battery electrothermal and safety management; geothermal energy exploitation and utilization; microthermal fluid systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Antonio C.M. Sousa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; nanofluids; convective heat transfer; LBM; composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Jafar Kermani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
Interests: renewable energy; fuel cells; compressible flow; steam nozzles and steam turbines; aerospace engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few decades, electrochemical energy systems, such as the Li-ion battery and the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, have evolved at a rapid pace, and they are becoming a major driving force to accomplish the concept of a greener world with smart cities with distributed stationary power generation and e-mobility. Both technologies directly convert the chemical energy generated by electrochemical reaction to electrical energy with high efficiency and zero-emissions of greenhouse gases. As power systems, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are recognized as the most promising alternatives to the current internal combustion engine based systems. Li-ion batteries can also be used for large-scale electricity storage.  

However, technical challenges still remain, particularly related to the performance, durability, safety, and cost reduction that hinder the wide use of these technologies to full-scale utilization in transportation, industrial, and domestic applications. For example, in order to realize the next generation of Li-ion batteries, intensive research and efforts are urgently required in battery thermal management systems, fast-charging mechanisms, and advanced materials for energy storage with high specific capacity and improved safety; the current PEM fuel cell technology requires further refinement to enhance its cost, durability, water and thermal management, and sub-zero temperature survivability and cold start. 

This Special Issue on Advances in Electrochemical Energy Systems seeks contributions relating to recent advancements in experimental diagnostics and modeling of PEM fuel cells and Li-ion batteries as well as review articles on the state of the art on the two electrochemical energy systems.

Prof. Dr. Fangming Jiang
Prof. Dr. Antonio C.M. Sousa
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Jafar Kermani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Li-ion battery
  • fuel cell
  • modeling and simulation
  • structural design and optimization
  • novel materials
  • energy storage
  • combined heat and power technologies
  • hybrid energy systems
  • water and thermal management and control strategies
  • safety precaution
  • durability and life time.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1898 KiB  
Article
Magnéli TiO2 as a High Durability Support for the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Catalysts
by Jivan Thakare and Jahangir Masud
Energies 2022, 15(12), 4437; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124437 - 17 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1494
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) cathode catalysts’ robustness is one of the primary factors determining its long-term performance and durability. This work presented a new class of corrosion-resistant catalyst, Magnél TiO2 supported Pt (Pt/Ti9O17) composite, synthesized. The [...] Read more.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) cathode catalysts’ robustness is one of the primary factors determining its long-term performance and durability. This work presented a new class of corrosion-resistant catalyst, Magnél TiO2 supported Pt (Pt/Ti9O17) composite, synthesized. The durability of a Pt/Ti9O17 cathode under the PEMFC operating protocol was evaluated and compared with the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst. Like Pt/C, Pt/Ti9O17 exhibited exclusively 4e− oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the acidic solution. The accelerated stress tests (AST) were performed using Pt/Ti9O17 and Pt/C catalysts in an O2-saturated 0.5 M H2SO4 solution using the potential-steps cycling experiments from 0.95 V to 0.6 V for 12,000 cycles. The results indicated that the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of the Pt/Ti9O17 is significantly more stable than that of the state-of-the-art Pt/C, and the ECSA loss after 12,000 potential cycles is only 10 ± 2% for Pt/Ti9O17 composite versus 50 ± 5% for Pt/C. Furthermore, the current density and onset potential at the ORR polarization curve at Pt/C were significantly affected by the AST test. In contrast, the same remained almost constant at the modified electrode, Pt/Ti9O17. This demonstrated the excellent stability of Pt nanoparticles supported on Ti9O17. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrochemical Energy System)
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12 pages, 2321 KiB  
Article
Thermal Performance of a Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Module Cooled by Two-Phase Refrigerant Circulation
by Bichao Lin, Jiwen Cen and Fangming Jiang
Energies 2021, 14(23), 8094; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14238094 - 03 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2241
Abstract
It is important for the safety and good performance of a Li-ion battery module/pack to have an efficient thermal management system. In this paper, a battery thermal management system with a two-phase refrigerant circulated by a pump was developed. A battery module consisting [...] Read more.
It is important for the safety and good performance of a Li-ion battery module/pack to have an efficient thermal management system. In this paper, a battery thermal management system with a two-phase refrigerant circulated by a pump was developed. A battery module consisting of 240 18650-type Li-ion batteries was fabricated based on a finned-tube heat-exchanger structure. This structural design offers the potential to reduce the weight of the battery thermal management system. The cooling performance of the battery module was experimentally studied under different charge/discharge C-rates and with different refrigerant circulation pump operation frequencies. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the cooling system. It was found that the refrigerant-based battery thermal management system could maintain the battery module maximum temperature under 38 °C and the temperature non-uniformity within 2.5 °C for the various operation conditions considered. The experimental results with 0.5 C charging and a US06 drive cycle showed that the thermal management system could reduce the maximum temperature difference in the battery module from an initial value of 4.5 °C to 2.6 °C, and from the initial 1.3 °C to 1.1 °C, respectively. In addition, the variable pump frequency mode was found to be effective at controlling the battery module, functioning at a desirable constant temperature and at the same time minimizing the pump work consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrochemical Energy System)
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Review

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26 pages, 5721 KiB  
Review
Membrane Electrode Assembly Degradation Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review
by Ahmed Mohmed Dafalla, Lin Wei, Bereket Tsegai Habte, Jian Guo and Fangming Jiang
Energies 2022, 15(23), 9247; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15239247 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2920
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been recognized as a promising power generation source for a wide range of automotive, stationary, and portable electronic applications. However, the durability of PEMFCs remains as one of the key barriers to their wide commercialization. The [...] Read more.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been recognized as a promising power generation source for a wide range of automotive, stationary, and portable electronic applications. However, the durability of PEMFCs remains as one of the key barriers to their wide commercialization. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) as a central part of a PEMFC, which consists of a proton exchange membrane with a catalyst layer (CL) and gas diffusion layer (GDL) on each side, is subject to failure and degradation in long-running and cycling load conditions. The real-time monitoring of the degradation evolution process through experimental techniques is challenging. Therefore, different numerical modeling approaches were proposed in the literature to assist the understanding of the degradation mechanisms in PEMFCs. To provide modeling progress in the addressed field, this paper briefly discusses the different degradation mechanisms occurring in the MEA. In particular, we present a detailed review of MEA degradation modeling research work, with special attention paid to the physical-based models (mechanistic models). Following the most recent relevant literature, the results showed that the combination of microstructure component models with macro-scale comprehensive PEMFC models provides a better understanding of degradation mechanisms when compared to single-scale degradation models. In this sense, it is concluded that in order to develop an accurate and efficient predictive degradation model, the different relevant scales ranging from nano- to macro-sized scales should be considered, and coupling techniques for multiscale modeling have to be advanced. Finally, the paper summarizes the degradation models for different MEA components. It is highlighted that the GDL chemical degradation models that describe damage accumulation are relatively limited. The paper provides a useful reference for the recent developments in the MEA degradation modeling of PEMFCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrochemical Energy System)
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