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Advanced Electric Power System 2022
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Advanced Electric Power System 2022

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 12810

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ying-Yi Hong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
Interests: smart grid; control and planning for microgrid; intelligent methods applied to power systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reliable power delivery from a generation system through transmission and distribution systems to end-users is crucial in a power market. A power system is a large-scale, dynamic, and nonlinear system, which has potential security, stability, or reliability problems. Thus, the development of advanced technologies and innovative methods applied to the modern electric power system is crucial. Distributed generation resources, energy storage system, electric vehicle, power electronics, demand response, and advanced control devices are particularly addressed in a modern electric power system. To deal with these power system problems, many approaches have been presented, such as hybrid intelligent systems, deep learning, big data analytics, decentralized control, wide area measurement, IoT, and advanced optimization.

“Advanced Electric Power Systems 2022” is a Special Issue in Energies for those who would like to publish original papers on the generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization of electrical energy. This Special Issue aims at presenting important results of work in electric power systems. Works can be applied research, development of new algorithms or components, original application of existing knowledge, or new facilities applied to power systems.

Papers in the relevant area of advanced electric power systems, including but not limited to the following, are invited:

  1. Power system stability;
  2. Power system reliability;
  3. FACTS applied to power systems;
  4. Power system optimization;
  5. Intelligent methods applied to power system studies;
  6. Power market and demand response program;
  7. Control of generation systems;
  8. Operation of distribution systems;
  9. Control, operation, and planning of distributed generation resources;
  10. Control, operation, and planning of energy storage systems and electric vehicles;
  11. Smart community with energy management systems;
  12. Renewable energy forecasting;
  13. Microgrid and virtual power plant;
  14. Active distribution network;
  15. Harmonics/voltage power quality;
  16. Power system resiliency.

Prof. Dr. Ying-Yi Hong
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Stability
  • Reliability
  • Sustainability
  • Security
  • Vulnerability
  • Resiliency
  • Smart grid

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 6135 KiB  
Article
Electricity Spot Price Modeling and Forecasting in European Markets
by Shadi Tehrani, Jesús Juan and Eduardo Caro
Energies 2022, 15(16), 5980; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15165980 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2354
Abstract
In many competitive electricity markets around the world, the dynamic behavior of hourly electricity prices is subject to significant uncertainty and volatility due to electricity demand, availability of generation sources, fuel costs, and power plant availability. This work is devoted to describing and [...] Read more.
In many competitive electricity markets around the world, the dynamic behavior of hourly electricity prices is subject to significant uncertainty and volatility due to electricity demand, availability of generation sources, fuel costs, and power plant availability. This work is devoted to describing and comparing the dynamics of electricity prices for some markets in Europe, selecting the five countries representing the largest economies in Western Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom). Additionally, Denmark is included in the study to assess whether the size of the country is a determinant of price behavior. The six datasets of hourly price series, which exhibits a strong daily seasonality, are modelled using the most relevant well-known statistical models for time series analysis: ARIMA models and different versions of GARCH models. The comparison of the estimated models’ parameters, the analysis of outliers’ rate of appearance and the evaluation of out-of-sample one-day-ahead forecast let us draw some insightful similarities and dissimilarities between the analyzed countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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21 pages, 7245 KiB  
Article
Advanced Local Grid Control System for Offshore Wind Turbines with the Diode-Based Rectifier HVDC Link Implemented in a True Scalable Test Bench
by Danilo Herrera, Thiago Tricarico, Diego Oliveira, Mauricio Aredes, Eduardo Galván-Díez and Juan M. Carrasco
Energies 2022, 15(16), 5826; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15165826 - 11 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1447
Abstract
Diode-based HVDC link technology is considered an alternative to reduce the cost and complexity of offshore HVDC platforms. When this technology is used, the AC grid of the wind farm must be created artificially. This paper proposes an advanced frequency control method that [...] Read more.
Diode-based HVDC link technology is considered an alternative to reduce the cost and complexity of offshore HVDC platforms. When this technology is used, the AC grid of the wind farm must be created artificially. This paper proposes an advanced frequency control method that permits forming an AC grid voltage system to connect offshore wind turbines to a diode-based HVDC link rectifier. The proposed algorithm can be easily implemented in the wind farm’s overall Power Plant Controller (PPC) without any change in the commercial wind turbine firmware. All wind turbines receive reactive power targets from the PPC to maintain the frequency and amplitude of the offshore AC line, delivering the maximum active power generated by the wind. A novel black start method is proposed to establish the wind farm’s local AC grid voltage system. The control method has been implemented and proved in an experimental setting. The black start has been successfully verified, and the frequency control algorithm shows excellent experimental results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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24 pages, 7235 KiB  
Article
Harris Hawks Optimization-Based Algorithm for STATCOM Voltage Regulation of Offshore Wind Farm Grid
by Ping-Kui Wang, Yu-Jen Liu, Jun-Tinn Lin, Zen-Wei Wang, Hsu-Chih Cheng, Bo-Xuan Huang and Gary W. Chang
Energies 2022, 15(9), 3003; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15093003 - 20 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1472
Abstract
Wind energy is among the fastest-growing electric energy resources worldwide. As the electric power generated by wind turbines (WTs) varies, the WT-connected bus voltage fluctuates. This paper presents a study on implementing a swarm-based proportional and integral (PI) controller for GTO-STATCOM voltage regulator [...] Read more.
Wind energy is among the fastest-growing electric energy resources worldwide. As the electric power generated by wind turbines (WTs) varies, the WT-connected bus voltage fluctuates. This paper presents a study on implementing a swarm-based proportional and integral (PI) controller for GTO-STATCOM voltage regulator to mitigate the voltage fluctuation caused by the output variations of an offshore wind farm. The proposed swarm-based algorithm for the PI controller is Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO). Simulation results obtained by the HHO algorithm are compared with three other swarm-based algorithms and show that STATCOM with HHO-based PI controller can effectively regulate the WT-connected bus voltage under different wind power output conditions. It shows that the STATCOM compensation performance of the proposed algorithm is superior to that of the compared solutions in maintaining the stable WT-connected bus voltage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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10 pages, 9672 KiB  
Article
Partial Y-Bus Factorization Algorithm for Power System Dynamic Equivalents
by Soobae Kim and Thomas J. Overbye
Energies 2022, 15(3), 682; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030682 - 18 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1706
Abstract
This paper presents a partial Y-bus factorization algorithm to reduce the size of a power system model for transient stability analysis. In the proposed approach, steady-state operating conditions for dynamic equivalents are maintained using the traditional Ward admittance method. Fictitious generators are attached [...] Read more.
This paper presents a partial Y-bus factorization algorithm to reduce the size of a power system model for transient stability analysis. In the proposed approach, steady-state operating conditions for dynamic equivalents are maintained using the traditional Ward admittance method. Fictitious generators are attached at boundary buses to preserve transient behavior following a disturbance. The equivalent dynamic effects from eliminated generators can be maintained by choosing appropriate dynamic parameters of fictitious generators, including machine inertia, transient reactance, and the damping coefficient. Parameters are determined using the idea that the contributions from external generators mostly depend on the network configuration and impedance characterized by the Y-bus matrix. The fictitious generators’ dynamic parameters are determined by conducting partial Y-bus factorization on dynamic parameter matrices. The proposed method’s performance is validated by conducting case studies with the IEEE 118-bus system and a 10,000 synthetic western U.S. power grid model and comparing simulation outcomes between the full system and reduced equivalent models. Simulation comparisons show that the equivalent model maintains high accuracy. The proposed method is promising alternative solution for power system dynamic equivalents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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19 pages, 3582 KiB  
Article
Event-Based Under-Frequency Load Shedding Scheme in a Standalone Power System
by Ying-Yi Hong and Chih-Yang Hsiao
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5659; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185659 - 08 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1890
Abstract
Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) prevents a power grid from a blackout when a severe contingency occurs. UFLS schemes can be classified into two categories—event-based and response-driven. A response-driven scheme utilizes 81L relays with pre-determined settings while an event-based scheme develops a pre-specified look-up [...] Read more.
Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) prevents a power grid from a blackout when a severe contingency occurs. UFLS schemes can be classified into two categories—event-based and response-driven. A response-driven scheme utilizes 81L relays with pre-determined settings while an event-based scheme develops a pre-specified look-up table. In this work, an event-based UFLS scheme is presented for use in an offshore standalone power grid with renewables to avoid cascading outages due to low frequency protection of wind power generators and photovoltaic arrays. Possible “N-1” and “N-2” forced outages for peak and off-peak load scenarios in summer and winter are investigated. For each forced outage event, the total shed load is minimized and the frequency nadir is maximized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). In order to reduce the computation time, initialization and parallel computing are implemented using MATLAB/Simulink because all forced outage events and all particles in PSO are mutually independent. A standalone 38-bus power grid with two wind turbines of 2 × 2 MW and photovoltaics of 7.563 MW was studied. For each event, the proposed method generally obtains a result with a smaller shed load and a smaller overshoot frequency than the utility and existing methods. These simulation results verify that the proposed method is practically applicable in a standalone power system with penetration of renewables. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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28 pages, 19288 KiB  
Article
Control Algorithm for Parallel Connected Offshore Wind Turbine Generators
by Emir Omerdic, Jakub Osmic, Cathal O’Donnell and Edin Omerdic
Energies 2021, 14(15), 4670; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154670 - 01 Aug 2021
Viewed by 2132
Abstract
A control algorithm for Parallel Connected Offshore Wind Turbines with permanent magnet synchronous Generators (PCOWTG) is presented in this paper. The algorithm estimates the optimal collective speed of turbines based on the estimated mechanical power of wind turbines without direct measurement of wind [...] Read more.
A control algorithm for Parallel Connected Offshore Wind Turbines with permanent magnet synchronous Generators (PCOWTG) is presented in this paper. The algorithm estimates the optimal collective speed of turbines based on the estimated mechanical power of wind turbines without direct measurement of wind speed. In the proposed topology of the wind farm, direct-drive Wind Turbine Generators (WTG) is connected to variable low-frequency AC Collection Grids (ACCG) without the use of individual power converters. The ACCG is connected to a variable low-frequency offshore AC transmission grid using a step-up transformer. In order to achieve optimum wind power extraction, the collective speed of the WTGs is controlled by a single onshore Back to Back converter (B2B). The voltage control system of the B2B converter adjusts voltage by keeping a constant Volt/Hz ratio, ensuring constant magnetic flux of electromagnetic devices regardless of changing system frequency. With the use of PI pitch compensators, wind power extraction for each wind turbine is limited within rated WTG power limits. Lack of load damping in offshore wind parks can result in oscillatory instability of PCOWTG. In this paper, damping torque is increased using P pitch controllers at each WTG that work in parallel with PI pitch compensators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Power System 2022)
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