The Impacts of Contaminants on Tropical Marine Organisms and Ecosystems

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Diversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 6906

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
Interests: tropical coral reefs; water quality; policy; management; contaminants; pesticides; microplastics; ecotoxicology; fish; endocrinology; animal behaviour

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The future health and ecological integrity of tropical marine ecosystems in the face of global climate change is of intense concern. These ecosystems are also under pressure from a number of other anthropogenic threats that reduce their health and resilience. This includes exposure to contaminants and the associated direct and cumulative impacts, with effects on tropical marine organisms and ecosystems generally not well understood. This Special Issue invites contributions that will advance ecological risk assessments of contaminants of emerging concern on tropical marine organisms and ecosystems. Contaminants of interests include (i) Contaminants which have been detected in the environment only recently (i.e., emerging contaminants, such as microplastics), (ii) contaminants that are present in the environment and have become of recent concern (i.e., contaminants of emerging interest, such as sunscreen), and (iii) more established contaminants for which new information on environmental risk has become available (such as antifouling paints). Of particular interests are studies that characterise exposure patterns of contaminants in tropical marine environments using monitoring data and fate and transport models, as well as studies that characterise ecological effects using both field observations and controlled laboratory and field experiments. Combined, this Special Issue aims to highlight the distinct behaviour of contaminants in tropical marine environments and the unique sensitivity of tropical organisms to contaminant exposure.

Dr. Frederieke Kroon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Contaminants
  • Exposure
  • Sources
  • effects
  • Tropical organism
  • Tropical ecosystem
  • Observations
  • Experiments
  • Modelling

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1295 KiB  
Article
Microplastic Contamination Has Limited Effects on Coral Fertilisation and Larvae
by Kathryn L. E. Berry, Hannah E. Epstein, Phoebe J. Lewis, Nora M. Hall and Andrew P. Negri
Diversity 2019, 11(12), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/d11120228 - 28 Nov 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 6653
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous throughout the world’s oceans and contaminate coral reef ecosystems. There is evidence of microplastic ingestion by corals and passive contact with coral tissues, causing adverse health effects that include energy expenditure for particle removal from the tissue surface, as well [...] Read more.
Microplastics are ubiquitous throughout the world’s oceans and contaminate coral reef ecosystems. There is evidence of microplastic ingestion by corals and passive contact with coral tissues, causing adverse health effects that include energy expenditure for particle removal from the tissue surface, as well as reduced growth, tissue bleaching, and necrosis. Here, it was examined whether microplastic contamination impairs the success of gamete fertilisation, embryo development and larval settlement of the reef-building coral Acropora tenuis. Coral gametes and larvae were exposed to fifteen microplastic treatments using two types of plastic: (1) weathered polypropylene particles and (2) spherical polyethylene microbeads. The treatments ranged from five to 50 polypropylene pieces L−1 and 25 to 200 microbeads L−1. Fertilisation was only negatively affected by the largest weathered microplastics (2 mm2), but the effects were not dose dependent. Embryo development and larval settlement were not significantly impacted by either microplastic type. The study shows that moderate–high levels of marine microplastic contamination, specifically particles <2 mm2, will not substantially interfere with the success of critical early life coral processes. Full article
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