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Current Oncology
Special Issues
Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer
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Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer

A special issue of Current Oncology (ISSN 1718-7729). This special issue belongs to the section "Head and Neck Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 7988

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Giovanni Salzano

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Guest Editor
Maxillo-Facial and ENT Surgery Unit, INT-IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: head and neck cancer; reconstructive surgery; endoscopic surgery; virtual surgical planning; CAD/CAM; implantology; facial surgery; traumatology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tumors of the head–neck area are a widely heterogeneous category of neoplasms containing extremely different diseases in terms of histology, genetics and clinical behavior. We can generally identify two main types/categories of neoplasms in the head–neck area, namely: (1) tumors originating from the pharynx, oral cavity and larynx (generally but not always with squamous histology); and (2) tumors of the major/minor salivary glands.

From the prognostic point of view, for both the categories of neoplasms (1 and 2), it is possible to clearly distinguish locoregional diseases from advanced ones. In general, it is possible to say that the prognosis of locoregional neoplasms subjected to appropriate oncological therapy is clearly better, in terms of global survival and disease-free survival, compared to that related to advanced diseases (relapsing after primary treatment and/or metastatic).

It is essential in patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer in an advanced stage to prepare a treatment that, in addition to its effectiveness, also takes into account its activity, which is measured in terms of the percentage of patients who undergo debulking after treatment.

In recent years, the clinical approach to the patient has changed considerably, even as regards the patient with advanced disease that, until 5–10 years ago, was considered incurable and destined for a severe prognosis. In fact, the multidisciplinary approach and the addition of locoregional therapies (palliative surgery and/or radiotherapy for cytoreductive purposes and/or electrochemotherapy), symptomatic therapies (analgesic therapy, bisphosphonates/denosumab) and above all early and immediate classification of adequate nutritional intake, to standard systemic therapies of head–neck neoplasms, has considerably improved the quality of life and in some scientific reports also the survival of patients with advanced disease.

The rationale behind this issue is to demonstrate that an adequate "additional" therapy, namely locoregional, symptomatic and, above all, nutritional, is able to improve not only the quality of life but also the objective response and the overall survival to specific cancer therapy, increasing the "anticancer" immune response and the patient's compliance with cancer treatment, allowing the clinician to maintain a fair "dose intensity" of the drug/anticancer drugs.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Cancers.

Dr. Giovanni Salzano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Oncology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • recurrent
  • metastatic
  • multimodality treatment
  • surgery
  • radiation therapy
  • chemotherapy
  • metabolism
  • quality of life
  • immunotherapy
  • target therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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14 pages, 3786 KiB  
Article
Nomogram Based on Liver Function Test Indicators for Survival Prediction in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Receiving PD-1 Inhibitor Therapy
by Lixia Liang, Yan Li, Yansui Hong, Tianxing Ji, Hao Chen and Zhifang Lin
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(8), 7189-7202; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30080521 - 26 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1222
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to develop a nomogram to estimate individual risks. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 162 NPC patients who were administered the PD-1 inhibitor combined [...] Read more.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to develop a nomogram to estimate individual risks. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 162 NPC patients who were administered the PD-1 inhibitor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy at the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center. In total, 108 NPC patients were included in the training cohort and 54 NPC patients were included in the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were performed to determine the prognostic factors for 1-year and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS). In addition, a nomogram model was constructed to predict the survival probability of PFS. A consistency index (C-index), a decision curve, a clinical impact curve, and a standard curve were used to measure predictive accuracy, the clinical net benefit, and the consistency of prognostic factors. Results: Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the metastasis stage, the levels of ALT, the AST/ALT ratio, and the LDH were independent risk factors associated with the prognosis of PD-1 inhibitor therapy. A nomogram based on these four indicators was constructed and the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with a higher total score have a shorter PFS. The C-index of this model was 0.732 in the training cohort and 0.847 in the validation cohort, which are higher than those for the TNM stages (training cohort: 0.617; validation cohort: 0.727; p <0.05). Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI) showed that our model has better prediction accuracy than TNM staging. Conclusions: Predicting PFS in NPC patients based on liver function-related indicators before PD-1 treatment may help clinicians predict the efficacy of PD-1 treatment in these patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer)
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16 pages, 829 KiB  
Article
Biomarkers for Predicting Anti-Programmed Cell Death-1 Antibody Treatment Effects in Head and Neck Cancer
by Katsunori Tanaka, Hitoshi Hirakawa, Mikio Suzuki, Teruyuki Higa, Shinya Agena, Narumi Hasegawa, Junko Kawakami, Masatomo Toyama, Tomoyo Higa, Hidetoshi Kinjyo, Norimoto Kise, Shunsuke Kondo, Hiroyuki Maeda and Taro Ikegami
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(6), 5409-5424; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060410 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1931
Abstract
In recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC), survival outcomes are significantly better in patients who receive anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody therapy than in those who receive standard therapy. However, there is no established biomarker that can predict [...] Read more.
In recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC), survival outcomes are significantly better in patients who receive anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody therapy than in those who receive standard therapy. However, there is no established biomarker that can predict the anti-PD-1 antibody treatment effect and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in these patients. This study investigated the inflammatory and nutritional status in 42 patients with R/M-HNSCC and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) polymorphisms (rs4143815 and rs2282055) in 35 of the 42 patients. The 1- and 2-year overall survival was 59.5% and 28.6%, respectively; the 1- and 2-year first progression-free survival was 19.0% and 9.5%, respectively, and the respective second progression-free survival was 50% and 27.8%. Performance status and inflammatory and nutritional status (assessed by the geriatric nutritional risk index, modified Glasgow prognostic score, and prognostic nutritional index) were identified as significant indicators of survival outcomes in multivariate analysis. Patients with ancestral alleles in PD-L1 polymorphisms had less frequent irAEs. Performance status and inflammatory and nutritional status before treatment were closely related to survival outcomes after PD-1 therapy. These indicators can be calculated using routine laboratory data. PD-L1 polymorphisms may be biomarkers for predicting irAEs in patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer)
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16 pages, 3826 KiB  
Article
Immune-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signatures for Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Daniel Hu and Diana V. Messadi
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(5), 4817-4832; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30050363 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2121
Abstract
Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) represents one of the major subsets of head and neck cancer, which is characterized by unfavorable prognosis, frequent lymph node metastasis, and high mortality rate. The molecular events regulating tongue tumorigenesis remain elusive. In this study, we [...] Read more.
Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) represents one of the major subsets of head and neck cancer, which is characterized by unfavorable prognosis, frequent lymph node metastasis, and high mortality rate. The molecular events regulating tongue tumorigenesis remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to identify and evaluate immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as prognostic biomarkers in TSCC. Methods: The lncRNA expression data for TSCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the immune-related genes were downloaded from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). Pearson correlation analysis was performed to identify immune-related lncRNAs. The TCGA TSCC patient cohort was randomly divided into training and testing cohorts. In the training cohort, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determining key immune-related lncRNAs, which were then validated through Cox regression analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in the testing cohort. Results: Six immune-related signature lncRNAs (MIR4713HG, AC104088.1, LINC00534, NAALADL2-AS2, AC083967.1, FNDC1-IT1) were found to have prognostic value in TSCC. Multivariate and univariate cox regression analyses showed that the risk score based on our six-lncRNA model, when compared to other clinicopathological factors (age, gender, stage, N, T), was an important indicator of survival rate. In addition, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly higher overall survival in the low-risk patient group than the high-risk patient group within both training and testing cohorts. The ROC analysis indicated that the AUCs for 5-year overall survival were 0.790, 0.691, and 0.721, respectively, for training, testing, and entire cohorts. Finally, PCA analysis demonstrated that the high-risk and low-risk patient groups presented significant deviation regarding their immune status. Conclusions: A prognostic model based on six immune-related signature lncRNAs was established. This six-lncRNA prognostic model has clinical significance and may be helpful in the development of personalized immunotherapy strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer)
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12 pages, 5811 KiB  
Case Report
Initial Experiences of Selective RET Inhibitor Selpercatinib in Adults with Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Real-World Case Series in Korea
by Han-Sang Baek, Jeonghoon Ha, Seunggyun Ha, Ja Seong Bae, Chan Kwon Jung and Dong-Jun Lim
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(3), 3020-3031; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030229 - 03 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2213
Abstract
Recently, selpercatinib, a highly selective inhibitor of RET receptor tyrosine kinase, has been used for RET-altered thyroid cancer. We present four cases of patients with advanced thyroid cancer who were treated with selpercatinib. The first patient was a 63-year-old male with advanced [...] Read more.
Recently, selpercatinib, a highly selective inhibitor of RET receptor tyrosine kinase, has been used for RET-altered thyroid cancer. We present four cases of patients with advanced thyroid cancer who were treated with selpercatinib. The first patient was a 63-year-old male with advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) treated with vandetanib. Six months ago, he had an intracranial hemorrhage and swallowing difficulty. He started selpercatinib with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). For 11 months, a partial response (PR) was observed stably with PEG administration without any more cardiovascular events. The second patient was a 67-year-old female with advanced MTC treated with vandetatib. After selpercatinib treatment, a PR was observed for most metastatic sites, including choroidal metastasis. The third patient was a 32-year-old female with advanced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) without history of systematic treatment. For six months, a PR was observed at her metastatic site with manageable adverse events. The last patient was a 59-year-old female with advanced PTC treated with lenvatinib. She suffered from a panic disorder and pleural pain due to metastasis during lenvatinib treatment. After selpercatinib treatment, her pain and panic symptoms were improved. Facing varying clinical obstacles of the real world, selpercatinib safely proved remarkable therapeutic efficacy regardless of previous treatment or metastatic site. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Treatment in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer)
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