X Chromosome Inactivation
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Nuclei: Function, Transport and Receptors".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 15687
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) facilitates dosage compensation of X-linked gene expression between male and female mammals, by selectively silencing the majority of genes on one of the two female X chromosomes. Achieving this requires a cascade of molecular mechanisms that begins with the upregulation of a single non-coding RNA and results in a functionally repressed X chromosome that displays epigenetically remodeled chromatin, chromosome conformation, and nuclear positioning. This process is of critical importance, as failure to establish XCI is incompatible with female life and the mechanisms employed must be robust enough to allow the silent state to be mitotically heritable for the entire life of the organism.
Over more than fifty years of research, XCI has become a paradigm for gene silencing. The study of XCI has led to fundamental changes in how we understand the roles of chromatin modifications, non-coding RNA, and nuclear architecture on both the establishment and maintenance of gene repression. Moreover, processes surrounding XCI are now known to have a profound effect on the functionality of female pluripotent stem cells. With several major advances to the field recently reported, this Special Issue will review our current understanding of XCI biology and relate this to gene silencing more broadly.
Dr. Andrew Keniry
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- X chromosome inactivation
- epigenetics
- gene silencing
- non-coding RNA
- chromatin
- chromosome architecture
