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Cells
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Plant Genetics, Genomics, and Evolutionary in Context of Stress Responses
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Plant Genetics, Genomics, and Evolutionary in Context of Stress Responses

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant, Algae and Fungi Cell Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 4058

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maciej Bernacki

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Guest Editor
Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: plant physiology; molecular biology; cell death; hormonal and reactive oxygen species signaling; photosynthesis, yield and biomass production
Prof. Dr. Stanisław Karpiński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: cell death; hormonal and reactive oxygen species signaling; retrograde signaling and regulation of photosynthesis; systemic stress and defence responses; transcription factors and gene expression; nonphotochemical quenching; plant physiology and molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Feeding a growing global population in the face of an overheated Earth, and the associated geopolitical problems caused by the progressing desertification of arable lands, is a critical challenge in the 21st century. Boosting food and feed production by improving yield and stress resilience in cereal crops through advanced genetics and genomics strategies are important targets, together with improving photosynthesis by means of molecular genetics and synthetic biology approaches. However, despite progress in the past decades, our knowledge about plant stress responses and the underlying genetics, genomics, and evolutionary processes remains too limited. Climate change and global warming are accelerating the incidences and intensities of multiple environmental stresses, such as excess light, ultraviolet radiation, prolonged drought, heat waves, and water stress for plants, crops, and global ecosystems. Altogether, these stress events are responsible for severe losses in agricultural production. In this Special Issue, we shall focus and shed light on the genetic, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms and evolution of stress responses and defenses in plants. 

Dr. Maciej Bernacki
Prof. Dr. Stanisław Karpiński
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant
  • genetics
  • genomics
  • mechanisms

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 8718 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of CDPK Gene Family in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Reveal Their Potential Roles in Response to Ca Deficiency
by Shikai Fan, Sha Yang, Guowei Li and Shubo Wan
Cells 2023, 12(23), 2676; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12232676 - 21 Nov 2023
Viewed by 815
Abstract
This study identified 45 calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) genes in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), which are integral in plant growth, development, and stress responses. These genes, classified into four subgroups based on phylogenetic relationships, are unevenly distributed across all twenty peanut [...] Read more.
This study identified 45 calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) genes in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), which are integral in plant growth, development, and stress responses. These genes, classified into four subgroups based on phylogenetic relationships, are unevenly distributed across all twenty peanut chromosomes. The analysis of the genetic structure of AhCDPKs revealed significant similarity within subgroups, with their expansion primarily driven by whole-genome duplications. The upstream promoter sequences of AhCDPK genes contained 46 cis-acting regulatory elements, associated with various plant responses. Additionally, 13 microRNAs were identified that target 21 AhCDPK genes, suggesting potential post-transcriptional regulation. AhCDPK proteins interacted with respiratory burst oxidase homologs, suggesting their involvement in redox signaling. Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses affirmed AhCDPK genes’ roles in calcium ion binding, protein kinase activity, and environmental adaptation. RNA-seq data revealed diverse expression patterns under different stress conditions. Importantly, 26 AhCDPK genes were significantly induced when exposed to Ca deficiency during the pod stage. During the seedling stage, four AhCDPKs (AhCDPK2/-25/-28/-45) in roots peaked after three hours, suggesting early signaling roles in pod Ca nutrition. These findings provide insights into the roles of CDPK genes in plant development and stress responses, offering potential candidates for predicting calcium levels in peanut seeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetics, Genomics, and Evolutionary in Context of Stress Responses)
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18 pages, 1980 KiB  
Article
Biotechnological Potential of the Stress Response and Plant Cell Death Regulators Proteins in the Biofuel Industry
by Maciej Jerzy Bernacki, Jakub Mielecki, Andrzej Antczak, Michał Drożdżek, Damian Witoń, Joanna Dąbrowska-Bronk, Piotr Gawroński, Paweł Burdiak, Monika Marchwicka, Anna Rusaczonek, Katarzyna Dąbkowska-Susfał, Wacław Roman Strobel, Ewa J. Mellerowicz, Janusz Zawadzki, Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda and Stanisław Karpiński
Cells 2023, 12(16), 2018; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12162018 - 08 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1471
Abstract
Production of biofuel from lignocellulosic biomass is relatively low due to the limited knowledge about natural cell wall loosening and cellulolytic processes in plants. Industrial separation of cellulose fiber mass from lignin, its saccharification and alcoholic fermentation is still cost-ineffective and environmentally unfriendly. [...] Read more.
Production of biofuel from lignocellulosic biomass is relatively low due to the limited knowledge about natural cell wall loosening and cellulolytic processes in plants. Industrial separation of cellulose fiber mass from lignin, its saccharification and alcoholic fermentation is still cost-ineffective and environmentally unfriendly. Assuming that the green transformation is inevitable and that new sources of raw materials for biofuels are needed, we decided to study cell death—a natural process occurring in plants in the context of reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulose for the production of second-generation bioethanol. “Members of the enzyme families responsible for lysigenous aerenchyma formation were identified during the root hypoxia stress in Arabidopsis thaliana cell death mutants. The cell death regulatory genes, LESION SIMULATING DISEASE 1 (LSD1), PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4) and ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) conditionally regulate the cell wall when suppressed in transgenic aspen. During four years of growth in the field, the following effects were observed: lignin content was reduced, the cellulose fiber polymerization degree increased and the growth itself was unaffected. The wood of transgenic trees was more efficient as a substrate for saccharification, alcoholic fermentation and bioethanol production. The presented results may trigger the development of novel biotechnologies in the biofuel industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetics, Genomics, and Evolutionary in Context of Stress Responses)
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12 pages, 3798 KiB  
Article
Structure of Chlorella ohadii Photosystem II Reveals Protective Mechanisms against Environmental Stress
by Maria Fadeeva, Daniel Klaiman, Ido Caspy and Nathan Nelson
Cells 2023, 12(15), 1971; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12151971 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1291
Abstract
Green alga Chlorella ohadii is known for its ability to carry out photosynthesis under harsh conditions. Using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM), we obtained a high-resolution structure of PSII at 2.72 Å. This structure revealed 64 subunits, which encompassed 386 chlorophylls, 86 carotenoids, four [...] Read more.
Green alga Chlorella ohadii is known for its ability to carry out photosynthesis under harsh conditions. Using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM), we obtained a high-resolution structure of PSII at 2.72 Å. This structure revealed 64 subunits, which encompassed 386 chlorophylls, 86 carotenoids, four plastoquinones, and several structural lipids. At the luminal side of PSII, a unique subunit arrangement was observed to protect the oxygen-evolving complex. This arrangement involved PsbO (OEE1), PsbP (OEE2), PsbB, and PsbU (a homolog of plant OEE3). PsbU interacted with PsbO, PsbC, and PsbP, thereby stabilizing the shield of the oxygen-evolving complex. Significant changes were also observed at the stromal electron acceptor side. PsbY, identified as a transmembrane helix, was situated alongside PsbF and PsbE, which enclosed cytochrome b559. Supported by the adjacent C-terminal helix of Psb10, these four transmembrane helices formed a bundle that shielded cytochrome b559 from the surrounding solvent. Moreover, the bulk of Psb10 formed a protective cap, which safeguarded the quinone site and likely contributed to the stacking of PSII complexes. Based on our findings, we propose a protective mechanism that prevents QB (plastoquinone B) from becoming fully reduced. This mechanism offers insights into the regulation of electron transfer within PSII. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetics, Genomics, and Evolutionary in Context of Stress Responses)
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