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Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx,...
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Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 9359

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fan Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; biomass conversion; emission control; soot oxidation; HC oxidation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jong-Ki Jeon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea
Interests: environmental catalysis; NOx; air pollutants; VOCs; CO
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of the previous successful Special Issue “Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO)”.

The preservation of clean air demands detailed scientific research that takes into consideration practical conditions. To enhance sustainability, emissions reduction measures focused on air pollutants (volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polyaromatic compounds (PACs), polychlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), CO, NOx, and soot particles) need to be researched under practical conditions. These pollutants can be substantially reduced by catalytic exhaust systems and integrated methods.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research papers, reviews, and commentaries focused on the challenges concerning the catalytic treatment of air pollutants. Submissions are welcome especially, but not exclusively, in the following areas:

  • Catalytic treatment of VOCs;
  • Catalytic treatment of CO;
  • Catalytic treatment of NOx;
  • Catalytic treatment of Soot;
  • Catalytic treatment of PACs;
  • Catalytic treatment of PCDDs/PCDFs;
  • Innovative processes and reactors for catalytic treatment of air pollutants.

Dr. Fan Lin
Prof. Dr. Jong-Ki Jeon
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental catalysis
  • air pollutants
  • NOx
  • VOCs
  • CO
  • Soot

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1194 KiB  
Article
A Bifunctional Pt/CeO2-Cu1/CeO2 Catalyst System for Isooctane Oxidation under Fully Simulated Engine-Exhaust Condition: Eliminating the Inhibition by CO
by Fan Lin, Carlos E. García-Vargas and Yong Wang
Catalysts 2023, 13(3), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13030508 - 01 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1079
Abstract
Pt-based catalysts, because of their outstanding activity for hydrocarbon oxidation, are widely used in the engine-exhaust aftertreatment system to remove hydrocarbon emissions. However, the CO and NOx present in real engine exhausts compete with hydrocarbons for active Pt sites, and thus inhibit [...] Read more.
Pt-based catalysts, because of their outstanding activity for hydrocarbon oxidation, are widely used in the engine-exhaust aftertreatment system to remove hydrocarbon emissions. However, the CO and NOx present in real engine exhausts compete with hydrocarbons for active Pt sites, and thus inhibit hydrocarbon oxidation. In this work, we evaluated the inhibition effects of CO and NO on isooctane oxidation over a Pt/CeO2 catalyst under the simulated condition of the US DRIVE test protocol (S-GDI, stoichiometric gasoline direct injection). We also leveraged a low-cost single-atom Cu1/CeO2 catalyst, which is highly active for low-temperature CO oxidation, to eliminate the inhibition effect of CO. Specifically, by physically mixing Cu1/CeO2 and Pt/CeO2, all the CO is completely converted below 200 °C under simulated exhaust condition, which helps lower the isooctane oxidation temperature. However, the unconverted NO still strongly suppresses HC oxidation. Possible strategies to address the NO inhibitor were proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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19 pages, 3953 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Cerium to Manganese Ratio and Preparation Method on the Activity of Ceria-Manganese Mixed Metal Oxide Catalysts for VOC Total Oxidation
by Parag M. Shah, Liam A. Bailey and Stuart H. Taylor
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010114 - 04 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1700
Abstract
A set of ceria-manganese mixed metal oxide catalysts with varying Ce:Mn ratios were prepared by coprecipitation using sodium carbonate and were evaluated for the total oxidation of propane and naphthalene. Manganese-rich samples were the most active, with Ce0.25Mn0.75Ox [...] Read more.
A set of ceria-manganese mixed metal oxide catalysts with varying Ce:Mn ratios were prepared by coprecipitation using sodium carbonate and were evaluated for the total oxidation of propane and naphthalene. Manganese-rich samples were the most active, with Ce0.25Mn0.75Ox having the highest activity. Catalysts were characterised using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, Raman spectroscopy, temperature programmed reduction (TPR), electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), establishing that the high activity of Ce0.25Mn0.75Ox was due to the formation of phase-separated Mn-substituted ceria and Mn2O3 phases that were not simultaneously present in the other catalysts. The catalyst preparation technique for the most active ratio was investigated using co-precipitation by urea, oxalic acid and citric acid, and mechanochemical grinding. For propane, the mechanochemical and urea catalysts were more active than the carbonate coprecipitated catalyst, due to greater surface area and increased phase separation. This work demonstrates that ceria-manganese mixed metal oxides are more active than the parent oxide, but that preparation technique is also important for controlling activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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13 pages, 3724 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Degradation of Toluene over MnO2/LaMnO3: Effect of Phase Type of MnO2 on Activity
by Lu Li, Yuwei Liu, Jingyin Liu, Bing Zhou, Mingming Guo and Lizhong Liu
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121666 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1399
Abstract
Series of α, β, γ, δ type MnO2 supported on LaMnO3 perovskite was developed by a one-pot synthesis route. Compared with α-MnO2, β-MnO2, γ-MnO2, δ-MnO2 and LaMnO3 oxides, all MnO2/LaMnO3 [...] Read more.
Series of α, β, γ, δ type MnO2 supported on LaMnO3 perovskite was developed by a one-pot synthesis route. Compared with α-MnO2, β-MnO2, γ-MnO2, δ-MnO2 and LaMnO3 oxides, all MnO2/LaMnO3 showed promotional catalytic performance for toluene degradation. Among them, α-MnO2/LaMnO3 holds the best active and mineralization efficiency. By the analysis of N2 adsorption-desorption, XPS and H2-TPR, it can be inferred that the improved activity should be ascribed to the higher proportion of lattice oxygen, better low-temperature reducibility and larger specific surface area. Besides, the byproducts from the low-temperature reaction of toluene oxidation were detected by a TD/GC-MS, confirming the presence of the intermediates. Combined with the in-situ DRIFTS, the catalytic degradation path of toluene oxidation has also been discussed in depth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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15 pages, 1848 KiB  
Article
Protection Effect of Ammonia on CeNbTi NH3-SCR Catalyst from SO2 Poisoning
by Yang Gao, Li Cao, Xiaodong Wu, Xu Zhang, Ziran Ma, Rui Ran, Zhichun Si, Duan Weng and Baodong Wang
Catalysts 2022, 12(11), 1430; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111430 - 14 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1414
Abstract
CeNbTi catalyst was poisoned in different sulfur poisoning atmospheres at 300 °C for 6 h and then was evaluated for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The catalyst deactivation upon SO2 exposure was effectively inhibited in the [...] Read more.
CeNbTi catalyst was poisoned in different sulfur poisoning atmospheres at 300 °C for 6 h and then was evaluated for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The catalyst deactivation upon SO2 exposure was effectively inhibited in the presence of NH3. Temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD) analyses were applied to identify deposit species on the poisoned catalysts by comparison with several groups of reference samples. Diffuses reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) over CeNbTi catalysts with different poisoning pretreatments and gas purging sequences were designed to investigate the roles of NH3 in the removal of surface sulfites and sulfates. More ammonium sulfates including ammonium bisulfate and ammonium cerium sulfate were generated instead of inert cerium sulfate in these conditions. The mechanisms about the formation and transformation of surface deposits upon sulfur poisoning w/wo NH3 were explored, which provided a basis for developing Ce-based mixed oxides as SCR catalysts for stationary sources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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16 pages, 3824 KiB  
Article
Abundant Oxygen Vacancies Induced by the Mechanochemical Process Boost the Low-Temperature Catalytic Performance of MnO2 in NH3-SCR
by Yuanyuan Dong, Baofang Jin, Shaomian Liu, Jiajian Gao, Kangjun Wang and Fabing Su
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101291 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1603
Abstract
Manganese oxides (MnOx) have attracted particular attention in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR) because of their excellent low-temperature activity. Herein, we prepared a highly efficient MnO2 (MnO2-M) catalyst through a [...] Read more.
Manganese oxides (MnOx) have attracted particular attention in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR) because of their excellent low-temperature activity. Herein, we prepared a highly efficient MnO2 (MnO2-M) catalyst through a facile ball milling-assisted redox strategy. MnO2-M shows a 90% NOx conversion in a wide operating temperature window of 75–200 °C under a gas hourly space velocity of 40,000 h−1, which is much more active than the MnO2 catalyst prepared by the redox method without the ball-milling process. Moreover, MnO2-M exhibits better H2O and SO2 resistance. The enhanced catalytic properties of MnO2-M originated from the high surface area, abundant oxygen vacancies, more acid sites, and higher Mn4+ content induced by the ball-milling process. In situ DRIFTS studies probed the reaction intermediates, and the SCR reaction was deduced to proceed via the typical Eley–Rideal mechanism. This work provides a facile method to enhance the catalytic performance of Mn-based catalysts for low-temperature denitrification and deep insights into the NH3-SCR reaction process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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17 pages, 3484 KiB  
Article
Contributions of Washcoat Components in Different Configurations to the NOX and Oxygen Storage Performance of LNT Catalysts
by Can Özyalcin, Peter Mauermann, Jürgen Dornseiffer, Stefan Sterlepper, Marco Günther and Stefan Pischinger
Catalysts 2022, 12(9), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12090953 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1634
Abstract
In addition to SCR systems, lean NOX traps (LNTs) are also used for exhaust aftertreatment of lean burn internal combustion engines to sustainably reduce NOX emissions. Modern LNTs consist of different functional compounds to maximize the performance during NOX storage [...] Read more.
In addition to SCR systems, lean NOX traps (LNTs) are also used for exhaust aftertreatment of lean burn internal combustion engines to sustainably reduce NOX emissions. Modern LNTs consist of different functional compounds to maximize the performance during NOX storage and regeneration. Based on the material analysis of a serial production LNT, PGM loaded BaO, Al2O3, MgAl2O4, and CeO2 were identified as the main base materials. In this paper, the NOX storage capacity (NSC) of these compounds is investigated both as single catalysts and as physical mixtures to identify possible synergistic effects. Therefore, commercially available support materials were loaded with Platinum and tested in granular form under realistic conditions. To optimize the performance by reducing the diffusion pathways for NOX molecules during storage, PGM, BaO, and Ceria were combined in a composite by the incipient wetness impregnation of alumina. As a result, the temperature dependent NSC of the commercial LNT could be reached with the Pt/Rh/Ba10Ce25/Al2O3 infiltration composite, while reducing the oxygen storage capacity by about 45%. Without the additional Rhodium coating, the low-temperature NSC was insufficient, highlighting the important contribution of this precious metal to the overall performance of LNTs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Treatment of Air Pollutants (VOCs, PACs, PCDDs/PCDFs, Soot, NOx, CO) II)
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