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Brain Sciences
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Sleep Disorders and Brain Function
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Sleep Disorders and Brain Function

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Behavioral Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 6697

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lourdes DelRosso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
2. Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Interests: sleep-related movement disorders; benefits of iron supplementation in sleep
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sleep is important for adequate neurological development and function. Studies have demonstrated that abnormal sleep patterns can adversely affect memory consolidation, executive function, cognition, and aging. The importance of sleep in neurodegenerative diseases is undeniable. In this issue, I want to highlight the interrelation of sleep and brain function, both in normal sleep and in sleep disorders.

In 2022, the world sleep slogan is “quality sleep, sound mind, happy world” and aims to emphasize the importance of sleep in mental health. This Special Issue of Brain Sciences is a great opportunity to highlight research and expertise, and display it among other manuscripts that will focus on the importance of of sleep for mental health and neurological function.

Thank you for considering to participate in this Special Issue from Brain Sciences.

Dr. Lourdes DelRosso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • brain imaging
  • brain iron and sleep
  • neurocognitive decline
  • executive function
  • sleep disorders

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3048 KiB  
Article
Effects of Anti-Seizure Medication on Sleep Spindles and Slow Waves in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
by Jennifer K. Roebber, Penelope A. Lewis, Vincenzo Crunelli, Miguel Navarrete and Khalid Hamandi
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(10), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12101288 - 24 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2547
Abstract
There is a close bidirectional relationship between sleep and epilepsy. Anti-seizure medications (ASM) act to reduce seizure frequency but can also impact sleep; this remains a relatively unexplored field given the importance of sleep on seizure occurrence, memory consolidation, and quality of life. [...] Read more.
There is a close bidirectional relationship between sleep and epilepsy. Anti-seizure medications (ASM) act to reduce seizure frequency but can also impact sleep; this remains a relatively unexplored field given the importance of sleep on seizure occurrence, memory consolidation, and quality of life. We compared the effect of poly-ASM treatment on a night of sleep compared to an unmedicated night in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, where ASMs were withdrawn and later restored as part of their pre-surgical evaluation. Within-subject analysis between medicated and unmedicated nights showed ASMs increased spindle (11–16 Hz) power and decreased slow wave (0.1–2 Hz) amplitude. Spindles became less strongly coupled to slow waves in the ASM night compared to no-ASM night, with effects to both the phase and strength of coupling and correlated with slow wave reduction. These effects were not seen in age-matched controls from the same unit where ASMs were not changed between two nights. Overall, we found that ASM polytherapy not only changed specific sleep waveforms, but also the fine interplay of spindle/slow wave coupling. Since these sleep oscillations impact both seizure occurrence and memory consolidation, our findings provide evidence towards a decoupling impact of ASMs on sleep that should be considered in future studies of sleep and memory disruption in people with epilepsy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Disorders and Brain Function)
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13 pages, 2855 KiB  
Article
LRRK2 Deficiency Aggravates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Loss by Perturbing Synaptic Pruning in Mice
by Xiaojuan Cheng, Xilin Wu, Yuying Zhang, Weian Li, Linjuan Feng, Hanlin You, Siyu Yang, Dongping Yang, Xiaochun Chen and Xiaodong Pan
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(9), 1200; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091200 - 06 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1543
Abstract
Mutations of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are associated with pronounced sleep disorders or cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effects of LRRK2 deficiency on sleep rhythms and sleep deprivation-related cognitive changes, and the relevant underlying mechanism, remain unrevealed. In [...] Read more.
Mutations of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are associated with pronounced sleep disorders or cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effects of LRRK2 deficiency on sleep rhythms and sleep deprivation-related cognitive changes, and the relevant underlying mechanism, remain unrevealed. In this study, Lrrk2-/- and Lrrk2+/+ mice were subjected to normal sleep (S) or sleep deprivation (SD). Sleep recording, behavioral testing, Golgi-cox staining, immunofluorescence, and real-time PCR were employed to evaluate the impacts of LRRK2 deficiency on sleep behaviors and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that after SD, LRRK2-deficient mice displayed lengthened NREM and shortened REM, and reported decreased dendritic spines, increased microglial activation, and synaptic endocytosis in the prefrontal cortex. Meanwhile, after SD, LRRK2 deficiency aggravated cognitive impairments, especially in the recall memory cued by fear conditioning test. Our findings evidence that LRRK2 modulates REM/NREM sleep and its deficiency may exacerbate sleep deprivation-related cognitive disorders by perturbing synaptic plasticity and microglial synaptic pruning in mice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Disorders and Brain Function)
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14 pages, 672 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Nocturnal Autonomic Activity in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Preliminary Study
by Germán Prados, Elena Miró, M. Pilar Martínez, Ana I. Sánchez, Vincent Pichot, Marta Medina-Casado and Florian Chouchou
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(7), 947; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070947 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2001
Abstract
Objective: fibromyalgia is a complex chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, insomnia and autonomic alterations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is regarded as a promising treatment in fibromyalgia, but its impact on autonomic function remains uncertain. In this research, we studied the effect [...] Read more.
Objective: fibromyalgia is a complex chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, insomnia and autonomic alterations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is regarded as a promising treatment in fibromyalgia, but its impact on autonomic function remains uncertain. In this research, we studied the effect of CBT on autonomic functions in fibromyalgia. Methods: Twenty-five participants underwent overnight polysomnographic recordings before and after CBT programs focused on pain (CBT-P) or a hybrid modality focused on pain and insomnia (CBT-C). Sleep quality, daily pain, depression and anxiety were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. We analyzed heart rate variability (HRV) using high-frequency power (HF) as a marker for parasympathetic activity, and low-frequency power (LF) and the LF/HF ratio as relative sympathetic markers during wakefulness and at each sleep stage. Results: After treatment, 14 patients (/25, 58.0%) reported improvement in their sleep: 6 in the CBT-P condition (/12, 50%), and 8 in the CBT-C condition (/13, 61.5%). We found that, regardless of the type of CBT, patients who reported improvement in sleep quality (n = 14, 58%) had an increase in HF during stages N2 (p < 0.05) and N3 (p < 0.05). These changes were related to improvement in sleep quality (N2, r = −0.43, p = 0.033) but not to pain, depression or anxiety. Conclusions: This study showed an improvement in parasympathetic cardiac control during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep following CBT in fibromyalgia participants who reported better sleep after this therapy. CBT may have a cardio-protective effect and HRV could be used as a sleep monitoring tool in fibromyalgia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Disorders and Brain Function)
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