Special Issue "Treatment for Pulmonary Fibrosis, Volume II"

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2023 | Viewed by 1677

Special Issue Editors

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
Interests: Interstitial pneumonia; pulmonary infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
Interests: sarcoidosis; interstitial lung disease; bronchoalveolar lavage; lymphangioleiomyomatosis; lung

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrices and destruction of the pulmonary parenchyma. The cause or contributing factor of pulmonary fibrosis is often unknown, and some diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, have poor prognosis despite treatment. Recently, progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) or progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) has been advocated to this phenotype, but there are many uncertainties and problems left to be resolved in the term “PF-ILD or PPF”.

This Special Issue, “Pulmonary Fibrosis: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutics”, aims to focus on novel approaches to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutics of pulmonary fibrosis at basic to clinical levels.

Prof. Dr. Hiroshi Mukae
Dr. Noriho Sakamoto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
  • anti-fibrotic drug
  • progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease
  • mechanism
  • pathophysiology
  • interstitial lung disease
  • biomarker

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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Article
Two-Pore-Domain Potassium Channel TREK–1 Mediates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Macrophage M2 Polarization and by Direct Promotion of Fibroblast Differentiation
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1279; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051279 - 26 Apr 2023
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Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease characterized by myofibroblast proliferation and abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lungs. After lung injury, M2 macrophages mediate the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis by secreting fibrotic cytokines that promote myofibroblast activation. The TWIK-related potassium [...] Read more.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease characterized by myofibroblast proliferation and abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lungs. After lung injury, M2 macrophages mediate the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis by secreting fibrotic cytokines that promote myofibroblast activation. The TWIK-related potassium channel (TREK–1, also known as KCNK2) is a K2P channel that is highly expressed in cardiac, lung, and other tissues; it worsens various tumors, such as ovarian cancer and prostate cancer, and mediates cardiac fibrosis. However, the role of TREK–1 in lung fibrosis remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of TREK–1 on bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis. The results show that TREK–1 knockdown, mediated by the adenovirus or pharmacological inhibition of TREK–1 with fluoxetine, resulted in diminished BLM-induced lung fibrosis. TREK–1 overexpression in macrophages remarkably increased the M2 phenotype, resulting in fibroblast activation. Furthermore, TREK–1 knockdown and fluoxetine administration directly reduced the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts by inhibiting the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38)/Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway. In conclusion, TREK–1 plays a central role in the pathogenesis of BLM-induced lung fibrosis, which serves as a theoretical basis for the inhibition of TREK–1 as a potential therapy protocol for lung fibrosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment for Pulmonary Fibrosis, Volume II)
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Review

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Review
Epigenetics Approaches toward Precision Medicine for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Focus on DNA Methylation
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1047; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041047 - 28 Mar 2023
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Abstract
Genetic information is not transmitted solely by DNA but by the epigenetics process. Epigenetics describes molecular missing link pathways that could bridge the gap between the genetic background and environmental risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Specific epigenetic patterns, [...] Read more.
Genetic information is not transmitted solely by DNA but by the epigenetics process. Epigenetics describes molecular missing link pathways that could bridge the gap between the genetic background and environmental risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Specific epigenetic patterns, especially DNA methylation, histone modifications, long non-coding, and microRNA (miRNAs), affect the endophenotypes underlying the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Among all the epigenetic marks, DNA methylation modifications have been the most widely studied in IPF. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning DNA methylation changes in pulmonary fibrosis and demonstrates a promising novel epigenetics-based precision medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment for Pulmonary Fibrosis, Volume II)
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