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Biomedicines
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Hormones and Cytokines in Muscle and Bone Diseases
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Hormones and Cytokines in Muscle and Bone Diseases

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 3086

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lorenzo Sanesi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: musculoskeletal system; osteoporosis; sarcopenia; osteosarcopenia; musculoskeletal disease; ageing; myokine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Muscles and bones are integral components of the human musculoskeletal system, essential for mobility, structural support, and overall physical well-being. The health and functionality of these tissues are tightly regulated by a complex web of signaling molecules, with hormones and cytokines playing pivotal roles. In the context of muscle and bone health, these molecules serve as orchestrators, influencing growth, repair, and maintenance.

Moreover, considering the ageing population, an increasing number of people are suffering from conditions such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia, resulting in increased health care costs due to hospitalizations for surgery on bone fractures. There is, therefore, an increasing need to develop innovative therapies for the treatment of these two age-related conditions, which often have a common onset. Thus, gaining an understanding of the molecular messengers that regulate communication between muscle and bone tissue has become increasingly important.

In line with this aim, original research articles at the molecular or cellular level and comprehensive reviews on the role of hormones and cytokines in muscle and bone pathology are welcome for this Special Issue. Clinical studies detailing biomolecular experiments or pathological research providing case data are also welcome.

Dr. Lorenzo Sanesi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • osteoporosis
  • sarcopenia
  • muscle
  • bone
  • cytokines
  • hormones
  • muscle diseases
  • bone diseases

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 5680 KiB  
Article
The Interplay between Muscular Grip Strength and Bone Mineral Density with Consideration of Metabolic and Endocrine Parameters in Individuals with Turner Syndrome
by Mariola Krzyścin, Karolina Gruca-Stryjak, Ewelina Soszka-Przepiera, Igor Syrenicz, Adam Przepiera, Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska, Žana Bumbulienė and Elżbieta Sowińska-Przepiera
Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3125; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123125 - 24 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Introduction: Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) often face skeletal and muscular challenges, including reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle weakness. This comprehensive study sheds light on the complex interplay between muscle strength, BMD, and metabolic and endocrine parameters in TS and healthy [...] Read more.
Introduction: Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) often face skeletal and muscular challenges, including reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle weakness. This comprehensive study sheds light on the complex interplay between muscle strength, BMD, and metabolic and endocrine parameters in TS and healthy subjects. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 42 TS patients and 70 healthy women was conducted. All patients had their BMD determined in the L1–L4 lumbar spine section and in the whole skeleton as well as the parameters of body fat mass (BF), and visceral fat mass (VF) were also determined. The maximum gripping force was measured with a hydraulic manual dynamometer. In addition, a number of blood hormonal and metabolic parameters were determined. Results: In the TS group, hand grip strength correlated positively with triglyceride levels but not with BMD. Healthy individuals had a positive link between hand grip strength and BMD, while patients with TS did not show a significant association between the two. A trend suggested that longer recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy might improve BMD in the L1–L4 region. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that muscle strength assessment may be a potential exponent of reduced BMD, and also used clinically in young adult women but not in individuals with TS. Conclusions: The relationship between BMD variables and hand grip might differ between the two groups, potentially indicating distinct musculoskeletal characteristics in TS patients. Longer rhGH therapy in TS patients may have a positive effect on BMD in the L1–L4 region. Understanding the intricate relationships between these factors is important for optimizing clinical management strategies and improving the quality of life for TS patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Cytokines in Muscle and Bone Diseases)
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Review

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16 pages, 910 KiB  
Review
Irisin and Its Role in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
by Irene Falsetti, Gaia Palmini, Simone Donati, Cinzia Aurilia, Teresa Iantomasi and Maria Luisa Brandi
Biomedicines 2024, 12(4), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040928 (registering DOI) - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 344
Abstract
Menopause, an extremely delicate phase in a woman’s life, is characterized by a drop in estrogen levels. This decrease has been associated with the onset of several diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis and sarcopenia, which often coexist in the same person, leading to an [...] Read more.
Menopause, an extremely delicate phase in a woman’s life, is characterized by a drop in estrogen levels. This decrease has been associated with the onset of several diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis and sarcopenia, which often coexist in the same person, leading to an increased risk of fractures, morbidity, and mortality. To date, there are no approved pharmacological treatments for sarcopenia, while not all of those approved for postmenopausal osteoporosis are beneficial to muscles. In recent years, research has focused on the field of myokines, cytokines, or peptides secreted by skeletal muscle fibers following exercise. Among these, irisin has attracted great interest as it possesses myogenic properties but at the same time exerts anabolic effects on bone and could therefore represent the link between muscle and bone. Therefore, irisin could represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis and also serve as a new biomarker of sarcopenia, thus facilitating diagnosis and pharmacological intervention. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated summary of what we know about the role of irisin in postmenopausal osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Cytokines in Muscle and Bone Diseases)
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Other

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8 pages, 1399 KiB  
Brief Report
Irisin Enhances Mitochondrial Function in Osteoclast Progenitors during Differentiation
by Eben Estell, Tsunagu Ichikawa, Paige Giffault, Lynda Bonewald, Bruce Spiegelman and Clifford Rosen
Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3311; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123311 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1166
Abstract
Irisin is a myokine released from muscle during exercise with distinct signaling effects on tissues throughout the body, including an influence on skeletal remodeling. Our previous work has shown that irisin stimulates resorption, a key first step in bone remodeling, by enhancing osteoclastogenesis. [...] Read more.
Irisin is a myokine released from muscle during exercise with distinct signaling effects on tissues throughout the body, including an influence on skeletal remodeling. Our previous work has shown that irisin stimulates resorption, a key first step in bone remodeling, by enhancing osteoclastogenesis. The present study further investigates the action of irisin on the metabolic function of osteoclast progenitors during differentiation. Fluorescent imaging showed increased mitochondrial content and reactive oxygen species production with irisin treatment in osteoclast progenitors after 48 h of osteoclastogenic culture. Mitochondrial stress testing demonstrated a significant increase in maximal oxygen consumption rate and spare capacity after 48 h of preconditioning with irisin treatment. Together, these findings further elucidate the stimulatory action of irisin on osteoclastogenesis, demonstrating an enhancement of metabolism through mitochondrial respiration in the progenitor to support the energy demands of their differentiation into mature osteoclasts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Cytokines in Muscle and Bone Diseases)
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