Special Issue "Advances in Fatty Acid Metabolism as the Markers of Civilization Diseases 2.0"

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2023 | Viewed by 1003

Special Issue Editor

Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: fatty acids metabolism; inflammatory process; eicosanoids; SCFA; PUFA; MUFA; nutriepigenomics; chromatography; ischemic stroke; NAFLD; NASH
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fatty acids (FA), as the basic component of cell membranes, participate in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular metabolism, cell signaling and gene expression. Fatty acids are a biochemically diverse group of organic compounds in terms of their structure and origin. Regulatory functions in humans body are performed by both SCFA short-chain fatty acids, produced by the bacteria from gut microbiome, and dietary fatty acids, mainly PUFA n3 and n6. The FA are very important factors modifying a number of metabolic pathways in our body, and at the same time being their components. Eicosanoids, EPA and DHA derivatives, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, resolvins, protectins and maresins, are anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory mediators. Low-intensity inflammation may be associated with susceptibility to developing non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD), such as obesity, lipid disorders and NAFLD, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), insulin resistance , or some types of cancers. It is also believed that disturbance of lipid homeostasis is also associated with neurological disorders as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).

I have hope that the recent advances in lipidometabolomics help a better understanding of the role of some nutritional factors, including fatty acids, in the development of civilization diseases. It is possible that understanding the fatty acid profile in these diseases will allow for the development of new diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic strategies. I invite scientists to share their experiences in this area in the form of original research and review articles.

Dr. Arleta Drozd
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • fatty acids
  • lipidomics
  • biochemistry
  • infalmmation
  • pathophysiological mechanisms
  • lipid mediators
  • gut microbiota
  • NAFLD/NASH
  • insulin resistance
  • type 2 diabetes
  • endocine diseases
  • cardiovascular diseases

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2007 KiB  
Article
The Imitation of the Ovarian Fatty Acid Profile of Superfertile Dummerstorf Mouse Lines during IVM of Control Line Oocytes Could Influence Their Maturation Rates
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1439; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051439 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 762
Abstract
Declining human fertility worldwide is an attractive research target for the search for “high fertility” genes and pathways to counteract this problem. To study these genes and pathways for high fertility, the superfertile Dummerstorf mouse lines FL1 and FL2 are two unique model [...] Read more.
Declining human fertility worldwide is an attractive research target for the search for “high fertility” genes and pathways to counteract this problem. To study these genes and pathways for high fertility, the superfertile Dummerstorf mouse lines FL1 and FL2 are two unique model organisms representing an improved fertility phenotype. A direct reason for this remarkable characteristic of increased litter size, which reaches >20 pups/litter in both FLs, is the raised ovulation rate by approximately 100%, representing an impressive record in this field. Dummerstorf high-fertility lines incarnate extraordinary and singular models of high-fertility for other species, mostly farm animals, with the aim of improving production and reducing costs. Our main goal is to describe the genetic and molecular pathways to reach their phenotypical excellence, and to reproduce them using the control population. The large litter size and ovulation rate in Dummerstorf lines are mostly due to an increase in the quality of their oocytes, which receive a different intake of fat and are composed of different types and concentrations of fatty acids. As the follicular microenvironment plays a fundamental role during the oocytes development, in the present manuscript, we tried to improve the in vitro maturation technique by mimicking the fatty acid profile of FLs oocytes during the IVM of control oocytes. Currently, the optimization of the IVM system is fundamental mostly for prepubertal girls and oncological patients whose main source of gametes to restore fertility may be their maturation in vitro. Our data suggest that the specific fatty acid composition of FLs COCs can contribute to their high-fertility phenotype. Indeed, COCs from the control line matured in IVM-medium supplemented with C14:0 (high in FL2 COCs) or with C20:0, C21:0, C22:0, and C23:0 (high in FL1 COCs), but also control oocytes without cumulus, whose concentration in long-chain FAs are “naturally” higher, showing a slightly higher maturation rate. These findings represent an important starting point for the optimization of the IVM system using FA supplementation. Full article
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