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Batteries
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High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective
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High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Battery Modelling, Simulation, Management and Application".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 14441

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Liubing Dong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
Interests: zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors and zinc-ion batteries; carbon nanomaterials; flexible energy storage systems
Dr. Zhengze Pan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
Interests: energy storage/conversion devices; electrochemistry; nanocarbon materials; porous mateirals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, are highly efficient energy storage devices that possess high power and long cycle life. From electric double-layer capacitors to pseudocapacitors, asymmetric supercapacitors, metal–ion hybrid supercapacitors and new-concept configurations (such as flexible supercapacitors and micro-supercapacitors), supercapacitors have seen unprecedented innovations over the last few decades. Currently, the major components of supercapacitors, i.e., electrode materials and electrolytes, cell configuration, as well as the underpinning mechanisms for different subtypes, are under intensive progress and development. With the recent prevailing of the concept of carbon neutrality, the advancement of supercapacitors is at the forefront of a new era.

In this Special Issue, we are seeking contributions that further extend the research field of supercapacitors. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Materials and electrodes for supercapacitors.
  • Electrolyte engineering for supercapacitors.
  • Energy storage mechanism of supercapacitors.
  • Asymmetric supercapacitors.
  • Metal–ion hybrid supercapacitors (i.e., battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices).
  • New supercapacitor systems.
  • Flexible supercapacitors for wearable energy storage.
  • Computational simulation and theoretical calculation concerning supercapacitors.
  • Thermal management of supercapacitor systems.
  • Perspectives and reviews related to supercapacitors.

Prof. Dr. Liubing Dong
Dr. Zhengze Pan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supercapacitors
  • asymmetric supercapacitors
  • hybrid supercapacitors
  • electrochemical capacitors
  • electrochemical energy storage
  • EDLC
  • energy density
  • carbon electrode
  • pseudocapacitance
  • charge storage mechanism

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 7663 KiB  
Article
Multifunctional MXene–Fe3O4–Carbon Nanotube Composite Electrodes for High Active Mass Asymmetric Supercapacitors
by Wenyu Liang, Rui Xu, Mohamed Nawwar and Igor Zhitomirsky
Batteries 2023, 9(6), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9060327 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx–Fe3O4–carbon nanotube composites were prepared for electrochemical energy storage in the negative electrodes of supercapacitors. The electrodes show a remarkably high areal capacitance of 6.59 F cm−2 in a neutral Na2 [...] Read more.
Ti3C2Tx–Fe3O4–carbon nanotube composites were prepared for electrochemical energy storage in the negative electrodes of supercapacitors. The electrodes show a remarkably high areal capacitance of 6.59 F cm−2 in a neutral Na2SO4 electrolyte, which was obtained by the development of advanced nanofabrication strategies and due to the synergistic effect of the individual components. Enhanced capacitance was achieved using the in-situ synthesis method for the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The superparamagnetic behavior of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles facilitated the fabrication of electrodes with a reduced binder content. Good mixing of the components was achieved using a celestine blue co-dispersant, which adsorbed on the inorganic components and carbon nanotubes and facilitated their co-dispersion and mixing. The capacitive behavior was optimized by the variation of the electrode composition and mass loading in a range of 30–45 mg cm−2. An asymmetric device was proposed and fabricated, which contained a Ti3C2Tx–Fe3O4–carbon nanotube negative electrode and a polypyrrole–carbon nanotube positive electrode for operation in an Na2SO4 electrolyte. The asymmetric supercapacitor device demonstrated high areal capacitance and excellent power-density characteristics in an enlarged voltage window of 1.6 V. This investigation opens a new avenue for the synthesis and design of MXene-based asymmetric supercapacitors for future energy storage devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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17 pages, 3781 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Approach for the Development of TiO2-Based 3D Electrodes for Microsupercapacitors
by Nathalie Poirot, Marie Gabard, Mohamed Boufnichel, Rachelle Omnée and Encarnacion Raymundo-Piñero
Batteries 2023, 9(5), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9050258 - 29 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1506
Abstract
This study reports a sustainable approach for developing electrodes for microsupercapacitors. This approach includes the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles via a green sol–gel method and the deposition of thin films of that electrochemically active material on three-dimensional (3D) Si substrates with a [...] Read more.
This study reports a sustainable approach for developing electrodes for microsupercapacitors. This approach includes the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles via a green sol–gel method and the deposition of thin films of that electrochemically active material on three-dimensional (3D) Si substrates with a high area enlargement factor (AEF) via a simple, fast, and inexpensive spin-coating pathway. The thickness of the film was first optimized via its deposition over two-dimensional (2D) substrates to achieve high capacitances to provide high energy density but also to deliver a good rate capability to ensure the power density required for a supercapacitor device. A film thickness of ~120 nm realizes the best compromise between the electronic/ionic conductivity and capacitance in a supercapacitor device. Such layers of TiO2 were successfully coated onto 3D microstructured substrates with different architectures, such as trenches and pillars, and different aspect ratios. The spin-coating-based route developed here has been established to be superior as, on the one hand, a conformal deposition can be achieved over high AEF subtracts, and on the other hand, the 3D electrodes present higher surface capacitances than those obtained using other deposition techniques. The rate capability and appreciable cyclability ensure a reliable supercapacitor behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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16 pages, 5099 KiB  
Article
Symmetric and Asymmetric Supercapacitors of ITO Glass and Film Electrodes Consisting of Carbon Dot and Magnetite
by Misganu Chewaka Fite, Po-Jen Wang and Toyoko Imae
Batteries 2023, 9(3), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9030162 - 08 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1463
Abstract
To enhance the energy density, hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated, and their electrochemical features were investigated using a two-electrode configuration. By assembling nitrogen-doped graphene/magnetite (NG/Fe3O4) on indium tin oxide-coated (ITO) glass as a cathode and NG/carbon dots(Cdots)/Fe3O4 [...] Read more.
To enhance the energy density, hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated, and their electrochemical features were investigated using a two-electrode configuration. By assembling nitrogen-doped graphene/magnetite (NG/Fe3O4) on indium tin oxide-coated (ITO) glass as a cathode and NG/carbon dots(Cdots)/Fe3O4 on ITO glass as an anode, a much higher gravimetric specific capacitance of 252.2 F/g, at a current density of 0.5 A/g, was obtained from this asymmetric supercapacitor compared with that (212.0 F/g) of a symmetric supercapacitor (NG/Cdots/Fe3O4)//(NG/Cdots/Fe3O4). A gravimetric energy density of 90.1 Wh/kg was obtained for an asymmetric ITO glass device at a specific power density of 400.0 W/kg. On the other hand, when an asymmetric two-electrode cell was fabricated with a Cdots/polypyrrole (PPy)/Fe3O4/TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCNF)-film electrode and a Cdots/PPy/TOCNF-film electrode, the specific capacitance (107.1 F/g) at a current density of 0.8 A/g was lower than that (456.4 F/g) of a symmetric (Cdots/PPy/Fe3O4/TOCNF)//(Cdots/PPy/Fe3O4/TOCNF)-film cell. Subsequently, a gravimetric energy density of 40.6 Wh/kg was achieved for a symmetric-film device at a specific power density of 320 W/kg. These results suggest that our method offers an efficient approach to developing symmetric and asymmetric devices consisting of hybrid materials for meeting the ever-increasing demands on energy-storage devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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9 pages, 5024 KiB  
Article
Surface Selenization of NiCo-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets for High-Performance Supercapacitors
by Mengdi Wang, Xingyu Liu and Xiang Wu
Batteries 2023, 9(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9010049 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2187
Abstract
Due to their unique spatial structures, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been considered as prospective electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this work, several NiCo-LDH materials are obtained via a facile selenization process. This can improve the conductivity and reduce the electrochemical impedance of [...] Read more.
Due to their unique spatial structures, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been considered as prospective electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this work, several NiCo-LDH materials are obtained via a facile selenization process. This can improve the conductivity and reduce the electrochemical impedance of the samples. The 0.4Se-NiCo-LDH materials deliver a specific capacitance of 1396 F/g at 1 A/g. The capacity retention rate can reach 91.38% after 10,000 cycles. In addition, using the prepared materials as a positive electrode, an asymmetric supercapacitor is constructed. It offers an energy density of 60 Wh/kg at a power density of 2700 W/kg, demonstrating that the synthesized samples possess promising applications in future flexible energy-storage systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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11 pages, 2941 KiB  
Article
Sulfidation of ZIF-Derived Core-Shell NiCo LDH/Ni MOF Heterostructure toward Supercapacitor Electrodes with Enhanced Performance
by Xin Zheng, Yihui Sun, Sijia Jin, Minxuan Xu, Yanyan Ding, Fei Chen, Tao Yang, Qi Zhang, Xinyue Zheng and Hao Chen
Batteries 2022, 8(11), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8110241 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2517
Abstract
Developing electrodes in a reasonable structure is essential to boost the performance of supercapacitors. Self-supporting heterostructures enriched active sites are promising as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors. Here, core-shell layered double hydroxide (LDH)/Metal organic frame (MOF) heterostructure was directly grown on carbon cloth (CC) [...] Read more.
Developing electrodes in a reasonable structure is essential to boost the performance of supercapacitors. Self-supporting heterostructures enriched active sites are promising as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors. Here, core-shell layered double hydroxide (LDH)/Metal organic frame (MOF) heterostructure was directly grown on carbon cloth (CC) substrate derived from L-Co ZIF NWAs. Subsequently, the composite was treated with a sulfidation process to optimize its electrical conductivity. Thanks to its unique network structure, it facilitates active site exposure and efficient charge transfer, together with the synergetic effect between NiCo double hydroxide and Ni MOF nanosheets. This hybrid electrode possesses an excellent specific capacity (1200 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and stable cycle performance with 86% capacity maintained after 4000 cycles, indicating its potential superiority for use in high-efficiency electrochemical capacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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Review

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19 pages, 12346 KiB  
Review
Integration of Flexible Supercapacitors with Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Review
by Yin Lu, Tong Wu, Zimeng Ma, Yajun Mi, Zequan Zhao, Fei Liu, Xia Cao and Ning Wang
Batteries 2023, 9(5), 281; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9050281 - 19 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1722
Abstract
The ever-growing interest in wearable electronic devices has unleashed a strong demand for sustainable and flexible power sources that are represented by the combination of flexible energy harvesting with storage devices/technologies. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), which harvest mechanical energy and charge their matching supercapacitors [...] Read more.
The ever-growing interest in wearable electronic devices has unleashed a strong demand for sustainable and flexible power sources that are represented by the combination of flexible energy harvesting with storage devices/technologies. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), which harvest mechanical energy and charge their matching supercapacitors (SCs), may form a distributed power system with flexibility to tap their potential applications in powering wearable electronic devices. This review aims to cover the recent progress in the integration of TENG with flexible SC in terms of operation principle, material selection, device configuration and power management, with an accent on the application scenario in flexible wearable electronics. Further, the current shortcomings, challenges and new prospects for future developments in the emerging field of integrated flexible TENG-SCs for self-powered wearable electronics are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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42 pages, 12053 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances and Prospects of FeOOH-Based Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
by Youness El Issmaeli, Amina Lahrichi, Shankara S. Kalanur, Sadesh Kumar Natarajan and Bruno G. Pollet
Batteries 2023, 9(5), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9050259 - 01 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2786
Abstract
Supercapacitors (SCs) offer a potential replacement for traditional lithium-based batteries in energy-storage devices thanks to the increased power density and stable charge–discharge cycles, as well as negligible environmental impact. Given this, a vast array of materials has been explored for SCs devices. Among [...] Read more.
Supercapacitors (SCs) offer a potential replacement for traditional lithium-based batteries in energy-storage devices thanks to the increased power density and stable charge–discharge cycles, as well as negligible environmental impact. Given this, a vast array of materials has been explored for SCs devices. Among the materials, iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) has gained significant attention in SC devices, owing to its superior specific capacitance, stability, eco-friendliness, abundance, and affordability. However, FeOOH has certain limitations that impact its energy storage capabilities and thus implicate the need for optimizing its structural, crystal, electrical, and chemical properties. This review delves into the latest advancements in FeOOH-based materials for SCs, exploring factors that impact their electrochemical performance. To address the limitations of FeOOH’s materials, several strategies have been developed, which enhance the surface area and facilitate rapid electron transfer and ion diffusion. In this review, composite materials are also examined for their synergistic effects on supercapacitive performance. It investigates binary, ternary, and quaternary Fe-based hydroxides, as well as layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Promising results have been achieved with binder-free Fe-based binary LDH composites featuring unique architectures. Furthermore, the analysis of the asymmetric cell performance of FeOOH-based materials is discussed, demonstrating their potential exploitation for high energy-density SCs that could potentially provide an effective pathway in fabricating efficient, cost-effective, and practical energy storage systems for future exploitations in devices. This review provides up-to-date progress studies of novel FeOOH’s based electrodes for SCs applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance and Sustainable Supercapacitors: Current Status and Perspective)
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