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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization
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Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 November 2023) | Viewed by 5945

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yi Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Interests: structural wind engineering; wind energy; structural health monitoring; steel structures
Dr. Chaorong Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150096, China
Interests: structural wind engineering; building aerodynamic; aerodynamic control; wind veering; pedestrian wind environment; AI in wind engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zhenru Shu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: extreme winds; wind-resistant design; building aerodynamics; wind tunnel test

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wind-sensitive structures, such as high-rise buildings, long-span space structures, bridges, wind turbine blades, transmission towers, and photovoltaic panels, etc., are easily susceptible to vibration or even damage under strong winds. Those wind effects seriously threaten the structural safety and comfort of inhabitants. How to identify and control wind effects on civil structures has long been a major concern in wind engineering. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have been carried out to advance the understanding of wind load characteristics. However, the wind–structure interaction is complicated in nature, and the information regarding the wind-induced effect on structures is still limited, particularly for non-stationary, non-Gaussian and unsteady winds.  

There has been strong evidence that, due to the development in construction technology and materials, structures are becoming more flexible, and wind is often considered as a dominant factor in the structural design. It is therefore essential to further investigate the wind-induced effect on various buildings and structures, and, more importantly, to diagnose the effectiveness of different optimization measures to enhance the structural design from an aerodynamic perspective.

We are sincerely looking forward to your submissions, and to compiling a Special Issue representing the growing community of scientists involved in studying the wind effects of civil structures: identification, control and optimization.

Dr. Yi Li
Dr. Chaorong Zheng
Dr. Zhenru Shu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wind field observation
  • wind loads
  • wind-induced responses
  • wind-induced human comfort
  • wind–structure interactions
  • aerodynamic optimization
  • structural optimization
  • wind-induced vibration control
  • AI in wind engineering
  • CFD in wind engineering

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 6033 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification of Wind-Driven Rain Aerodynamic Forces on the Bridge Main Beam
by Xu Lei, Lian Shen, Zhengqing Chen, Xuewen Zhang, Chenglong Wei and Yan Han
Atmosphere 2023, 14(10), 1535; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14101535 - 07 Oct 2023
Viewed by 824
Abstract
Regarding the issue of changes in the aerodynamic force of the bridge main beam under the action of wind-driven rain, this article explores the changes in air density caused by rainfall, the calculation theory of raindrop impact force and its simplified mass-weighted equivalent [...] Read more.
Regarding the issue of changes in the aerodynamic force of the bridge main beam under the action of wind-driven rain, this article explores the changes in air density caused by rainfall, the calculation theory of raindrop impact force and its simplified mass-weighted equivalent method (MWEM), and the calculation method of water accumulation thickness on the surface of the main beam. The calculation shows that the changes in air density caused by rainfall can be ignored, and the error of the MWEM increases with the increase in rainfall intensity; however, even at a rainfall intensity of 709 mm/h, the deviations in the MWEM value of the horizontal and vertical raindrop impact force is only about +5% and −4%, respectively. Then, based on the above analysis, a calculation model for the aerodynamic three-component forces of the main beam caused by rainfall under the action of wind-driven rain is provided. Finally, taking two typical main beam sections as an example, static three-component force tests are carried out on the main beam model under different rainfall intensities. The experimental results show that the drag coefficient variations obtained through the MWEM are in good agreement with experimental data, which proves the correctness of the theoretical model of the raindrop impact force. But for the lift and torque coefficient, the differences between theoretical and experimental values are much more significant than the drag coefficient, and it increases with the increase in rain intensity. It can be seen that the surface ponding model and influence of rainfall intensity need to be further explored. In summary, the theoretical calculation method for the additional aerodynamic force of wind-driven rain on the main beam proposed in this article is convenient and practical, and it can provide a certain reference for the rapid safety assessment of bridges under extreme meteorological conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization)
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13 pages, 5937 KiB  
Article
Cross-Wind Aeroelastic Effects of Tall Buildings with a Hexagonal Cross-Section
by Yuhui Fan, Jingwen Lu and Lei Wang
Atmosphere 2023, 14(6), 996; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060996 - 08 Jun 2023
Viewed by 870
Abstract
This research investigates the cross-wind aeroelastic effects of tall buildings with hexagonal cross-sections by using aeroelastic models with multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF). Cross-wind displacement and acceleration responses at the top of each model are measured using the wind tunnel test. The aerodynamic damping ratios for [...] Read more.
This research investigates the cross-wind aeroelastic effects of tall buildings with hexagonal cross-sections by using aeroelastic models with multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF). Cross-wind displacement and acceleration responses at the top of each model are measured using the wind tunnel test. The aerodynamic damping ratios for the two representative wind directions are identified by analyzing the measured responses using the random decrement technique. Results show that large-amplitude vortex-induced vibrations occur for one of the representative wind directions where the vertex of the hexagonal model is against the approaching wind, while there is no significant VIV observed for the other representative wind direction where the face of the hexagonal model is perpendicular to the approaching wind. The most dangerous wind direction is then identified based on the discussion. Two expressions for the cross-wind aerodynamic damping ratio are established for the two wind representative wind directions. The two equations can be used in engineering practice to estimate the cross-wind aerodynamic damping ratio of hexagonal tall buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization)
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16 pages, 9639 KiB  
Article
Short-Term Probabilistic Forecasting Method for Wind Speed Combining Long Short-Term Memory and Gaussian Mixture Model
by Xuhui He, Zhihao Lei, Haiquan Jing and Rendong Zhong
Atmosphere 2023, 14(4), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040717 - 14 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1388
Abstract
Wind speed forecasting is advantageous in reducing wind-induced accidents or disasters and increasing the capture of wind power. Accordingly, this forecasting process has been a focus of research in the field of engineering. However, because wind speed is chaotic and random in nature, [...] Read more.
Wind speed forecasting is advantageous in reducing wind-induced accidents or disasters and increasing the capture of wind power. Accordingly, this forecasting process has been a focus of research in the field of engineering. However, because wind speed is chaotic and random in nature, its forecasting inevitably includes errors. Consequently, specifying the appropriate method to obtain accurate forecasting results is difficult. The probabilistic forecasting method has considerable relevance to short-term wind speed forecasting because it provides both the predicted value and the error distribution. This study proposes a probabilistic forecasting method for short-term wind speeds based on the Gaussian mixture model and long short-term memory. The precision of the proposed method is evaluated by prediction intervals (i.e., prediction interval coverage probability, prediction interval normalized average width, and coverage width-based criterion) using 29 monitored wind speed datasets. The effects of wind speed characteristics on the forecasting precision of the proposed method were further studied. Results show that the proposed method is effective in obtaining the probability distribution of predicted wind speeds, and the forecast results are highly accurate. The forecasting precision of the proposed method is mainly influenced by the wind speed difference and standard deviation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization)
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Review

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15 pages, 5667 KiB  
Review
A Review on Aerodynamic Characteristics and Wind-Induced Response of Flexible Support Photovoltaic System
by Fubin Chen, Yuzhe Zhu, Weijia Wang, Zhenru Shu and Yi Li
Atmosphere 2023, 14(4), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040731 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2109
Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) system is an essential part in renewable energy development, which exhibits huge market demand. In comparison with traditional rigid-supported photovoltaic (PV) system, the flexible photovoltaic (PV) system structure is much more vulnerable to wind load. Hence, it is imperative to gain [...] Read more.
Photovoltaic (PV) system is an essential part in renewable energy development, which exhibits huge market demand. In comparison with traditional rigid-supported photovoltaic (PV) system, the flexible photovoltaic (PV) system structure is much more vulnerable to wind load. Hence, it is imperative to gain a better understanding of the aerodynamic characteristics and wind-induced response of flexible photovoltaic system. The main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art studies focusing on the aerodynamic characteristics and wind-induced response of flexible PV system. Relevant studies have been carried out, using either physical or numerical simulation tools, and the effect of a series of governing parameters, such as spacing ratio, angle of attack, inclination and position are considered. In addition, dynamic response of these flexible structures, including buffeting, flutter, vortex-induced vibration, are also discussed and documented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wind Effects of Civil Structures: Identification, Control and Optimization)
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