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Applied Sciences
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Nanoclays for Technological Applications
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Nanoclays for Technological Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (8 February 2019) | Viewed by 42975

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Lazzara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics and Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
Interests: nanomaterials; nanotechnologies; diagnostics; microscopy; analytical methods; corrosion; spectroscopy; cleaning; gel; protective films; dry cleaning; consolidation; sustainable nanomaterials; waterlogged archaeological wood; paper; painting; stone
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pooria Pasbakhsh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
Interests: nanofibers; nanotubes; water filtration; polymer nanocomposites; smart materials; electrospun membranes; self-healing; mechanical properties of materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoclays possess many interesting properties and, presently, are considered nanomaterials with sustainable features. Clays offer a wide range of morphologies at nanoscales and from the chemical point of view, they are composed of hydrated aluminum silicates, with a variable amount of other elements, such as magnesium, iron, calcium, and potassium.

The properties of nanoclays and the availability with a wide range of nanosized shapes, make them suitable for many potential applications. Composites based on polymers and clay nanoparticles were extensively explored to develop nanocomposite materials with tuned properties and specific functionalities. Recent findings evidenced that polymer/nanoclay systems can be employed in anticorrosive and antimicrobial coating, smart food packaging, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, reinforced bioplastics, flame retardant. Still, fundamental research is needed to clarify structure–property correlations. Hybrid organic/inorganic clays generate a wide number of perspectives nanoarchitectures and materials. Synthetic strategies should go in the direction of green chemistry and simple steps to be really promising in future industrial applications.

In general, the use of nanoclays can open new sustainable routes removing the cost barrier typical of nanotecnologies. This Special Issue gathers contributions that describe recent studies in nanoclay science for technological applications.

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Lazzara
Dr. Pooria Pasbakhsh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanoclay, composite
  • Nanocomposite
  • Food packaging
  • Polymer, bioplastic
  • Sustainable materials
  • Flame retardant

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2696 KiB  
Article
Hybridization of Layered Iron Hydroxide Nanoclays and Conducting Polymer for Controlled Oxygen Scavenger
by Hyoung-Jun Kim, Tae-Hyun Kim, Jin Kuen Park and Jae-Min Oh
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1742; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101742 - 27 Sep 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3584
Abstract
We suggest green rust (GR), one of layered nanoclays, as a potential oxygen scavenger. In order to achieve controlled oxygen scavenging ability, GRs were prepared with either sulfate or conducting polymer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that both GRs had hydrotalcite phase with [...] Read more.
We suggest green rust (GR), one of layered nanoclays, as a potential oxygen scavenger. In order to achieve controlled oxygen scavenging ability, GRs were prepared with either sulfate or conducting polymer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that both GRs had hydrotalcite phase with slight differences in crystallinity upon anion type. X-ray adsorption spectra (XAS) indicated that the local structure of both GRs were similar regardless of the type of anion. On the other hand, zeta-potential values of GRs were different from each other according to the type of anion; GR with sulfate showed positive charge and GR with conducting polymer had slight negative charge due to the homogeneous hybridization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also suggested that the hybridization of conducting polymer and GR was fairly homogenous without the formation of phase segregation or serious aggregation. According to the oxygen-scavenging activity test, GR with conducting polymer showed a retarded oxygen-scavenging rate compared with GR with sulfate due to protection and controlled oxidation-reduction by hybridized polymer. The current results suggested that the hybridization of nanoclay with conducting polymer could be utilized in long-term oxygen scavenging applications with a controlled oxidation-reduction reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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18 pages, 2528 KiB  
Article
Electrokinetic Characterization of Natural Stones Coated with Nanocomposites for the Protection of Cultural Heritage
by Marco Roveri, Simona Raneri, Sabrina Bianchi, Francesca Gherardi, Valter Castelvetro and Lucia Toniolo
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1694; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091694 - 19 Sep 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3968
Abstract
Protective coatings, in recent years also from nanocomposite formulations, are commonly applied onto architectural stone and stone artefacts, mainly to prevent absorption of condensed water and dissolved atmospheric pollutants into the porous stone structure. While standard protocols to assess a coating’s performance are [...] Read more.
Protective coatings, in recent years also from nanocomposite formulations, are commonly applied onto architectural stone and stone artefacts, mainly to prevent absorption of condensed water and dissolved atmospheric pollutants into the porous stone structure. While standard protocols to assess a coating’s performance are available, understanding the response of the coating-stone system is a complex task, due to the interplay of various factors determining the overall behaviour. Characterization techniques allowing one to correlate the extent and nature of surface modification upon treatment with the most relevant physical properties (i.e., water absorption and surface wettability) are thus of great interest. Electrokinetic analysis based on streaming current measurements, thanks to its sensitivity towards even minor changes in the surface chemical composition, may fulfil such requirement. Indeed, by involving the interaction with a testing aqueous electrolyte solution, this technique allows one to probe not only the outer surface, but also the outermost layer of the pore network, which plays a crucial role in the interaction of the stone with condensed atmospheric water. In this work, a correlation was found between the extent of surface modification, as determined by streaming current measurements, surface wettability and capillary water absorption, for three lithotypes with different mineralogical and microstructural properties treated with two nanocomposite formulations (one water based and one in alcoholic solvent) containing organosilica precursors and titania nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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10 pages, 2941 KiB  
Article
Microemulsion Encapsulated into Halloysite Nanotubes and their Applications for Cleaning of a Marble Surface
by Giulia Lo Dico, Francesca Semilia, Stefana Milioto, Filippo Parisi, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Giuseppe Inguì, Maziyar Makaremi, Pooria Pasbakhsh and Giuseppe Lazzara
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1455; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091455 - 24 Aug 2018
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4316
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes were used to incorporate anionic surfactant micelles and an organic solvent to generate a cleaning system to be applied in Cultural Heritage restoration. The targeted adsorption is driven by electrostatic interactions based on the nanotubes peculiar charge separation. Namely anionic species [...] Read more.
Halloysite nanotubes were used to incorporate anionic surfactant micelles and an organic solvent to generate a cleaning system to be applied in Cultural Heritage restoration. The targeted adsorption is driven by electrostatic interactions based on the nanotubes peculiar charge separation. Namely anionic species are driven to the positively charged inner surface while being prevented from interacting with the halloysite outer surface that possesses a positive charge density. The hybrid organic/inorganic emulsion was characterized by dynamic light scattering. Analysis of the autocorrelation function allowed us to define the presence of surfactant aggregates inside/outside the nanotube lumen as a function of the nanotube/surfactant ratio in an aqueous mixture. The application of this prepared emulsion for the controlled cleaning of a marble artifact is demonstrated. To this purpose, a membrane of nanofibrous polyacrylonitrile was prepared by electrospinning and was applied between the work of art and the cleaning agent to avoid the release of residues on the marble surface. This work represents a further step toward the opportunity to extend the use of emulsions for cleaning protocols for stone-based artifacts or in technological applications where surfactant separation is required by a simple centrifugation/sedimentation method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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Review

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21 pages, 3509 KiB  
Review
Imogolite Nanotubes: A Flexible Nanoplatform with Multipurpose Applications
by Erwan Paineau
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1921; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101921 - 15 Oct 2018
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 6764
Abstract
Among a wide variety of inorganic nanotubes, imogolite nanotubes (INTs) represent a model of nanoplatforms with an untapped potential for advanced technological applications. Easily synthesized by sol-gel methods, these nanotubes are directly obtained with a monodisperse pore size. Coupled with the possibility to [...] Read more.
Among a wide variety of inorganic nanotubes, imogolite nanotubes (INTs) represent a model of nanoplatforms with an untapped potential for advanced technological applications. Easily synthesized by sol-gel methods, these nanotubes are directly obtained with a monodisperse pore size. Coupled with the possibility to adjust their surface properties by using straightforward functionalization processes, INTs form a unique class of diameter-controlled nanotubes with functional interfaces. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of the synthesis and functionalization of INTs. The properties of INTs will be stated afterwards into perspective with the recent development on their applications, in particular for polymer/INTs nanocomposites, molecular confinement or catalysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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29 pages, 1513 KiB  
Review
A Review of the Synthesis and Applications of Polymer–Nanoclay Composites
by Feng Guo, Saman Aryana, Yinghui Han and Yunpeng Jiao
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1696; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091696 - 19 Sep 2018
Cited by 242 | Viewed by 16894
Abstract
Recent advancements in material technologies have promoted the development of various preparation strategies and applications of novel polymer–nanoclay composites. Innovative synthesis pathways have resulted in novel polymer–nanoclay composites with improved properties, which have been successfully incorporated in diverse fields such as aerospace, automobile, [...] Read more.
Recent advancements in material technologies have promoted the development of various preparation strategies and applications of novel polymer–nanoclay composites. Innovative synthesis pathways have resulted in novel polymer–nanoclay composites with improved properties, which have been successfully incorporated in diverse fields such as aerospace, automobile, construction, petroleum, biomedical and wastewater treatment. These composites are recognized as promising advanced materials due to their superior properties, such as enhanced density, strength, relatively large surface areas, high elastic modulus, flame retardancy, and thermomechanical/optoelectronic/magnetic properties. The primary focus of this review is to deliver an up-to-date overview of polymer–nanoclay composites along with their synthesis routes and applications. The discussion highlights potential future directions for this emerging field of research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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13 pages, 2189 KiB  
Review
Stability of Halloysite, Imogolite, and Boron Nitride Nanotubes in Solvent Media
by Lorenzo Lisuzzo, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Giuseppe Lazzara, Stefana Milioto, Filippo Parisi and Yurij Stetsyshyn
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(7), 1068; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8071068 - 30 Jun 2018
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 4805
Abstract
Inorganic nanotubes are attracting the interest of many scientists and researchers, due to their excellent application potential in different fields. Among them, halloysite and imogolite, two naturally-occurring aluminosilicate mineral clays, as well as boron nitride nanotubes have gained attention for their proper shapes [...] Read more.
Inorganic nanotubes are attracting the interest of many scientists and researchers, due to their excellent application potential in different fields. Among them, halloysite and imogolite, two naturally-occurring aluminosilicate mineral clays, as well as boron nitride nanotubes have gained attention for their proper shapes and features. Above all, it is important to reach highly stable dispersion in water or organic media, in order to exploit the features of this kind of nanoparticles and to expand their applications. This review is focused on the structural and morphological features, performances, and ratios of inorganic nanotubes, considering the main strategies to prepare homogeneous colloidal suspensions in various solvent media as special focus and crucial point for their uses as nanomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoclays for Technological Applications)
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