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Applied Sciences
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Implantable Medical Device
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Implantable Medical Device

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2022) | Viewed by 30852

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. José Eduardo Maté-Sánchez de Val

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biomaterials Engineering Research Cathedra, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, UCAM, Murcia, Spain
Interests: dentistry; materials science; medicine engineering; chemical engineering biochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to the field of implantable medical devices, referring to them from the point of view of biomedical with application in bone regeneration, traumatology and other devices that can be used in regenerative medicine.

Therefore, the authors must base their work on the use of materials and elements capable of being implanted and produce a certain effect or action on the bed receptor.

In recent years, different lines of research have been developed to a large extent, obtaining very promising results with inductive elements of the biological response after being implanted, thus, sustained slow-release devices, biomaterials of bone and tissue regeneration, bioceramics, tissue regulators and titanium implants with the capacity to modulate the cellular response, are some examples of these latest advances. In addition, those works of traditional implantables that involve an advance or modification of the specific technique with respect to the previous state of the same will be accepted.

All those works that can obtain validation results at experimental, clinical or previous simulation levels with implantable devices will be welcome.

Prof. Dr. José Eduardo Maté-Sánchez de Val
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioceramics
  • biomaterial
  • implant
  • tissue regeneration
  • slow release device
  • implant surface

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 2334 KiB  
Article
Dosimetric Effect of Injection Ports in Tissue Expanders on Post-Mastectomy Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) Planning for Left-Sided Breast Cancer
by Na-Hyun Hwang, Myungsoo Kim, Nam Kwon Lee, Suk Lee and Jinho Hwang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6461; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136461 - 25 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2507
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the dosimetric effect of traditional metallic ports and radio frequency identification (RFID) ports (Motiva Flora®) on post-mastectomy volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning for left-sided breast cancer. Computed tomography (CT) simulation was performed on an anthropomorphic [...] Read more.
This study aimed to compare the dosimetric effect of traditional metallic ports and radio frequency identification (RFID) ports (Motiva Flora®) on post-mastectomy volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning for left-sided breast cancer. Computed tomography (CT) simulation was performed on an anthropomorphic torso phantom by attaching two types of tissue expander on the left chest wall. For the comparison of CT artifacts, five points of interest were selected and compared: point A = central chest wall, B = medial chest wall, point C = lateral chest wall, point D = axilla, and point E = left anterior descending artery. VMAT planning using two partial arcs with a single isocenter was generated, and dosimetric parameters were investigated. Compared to metallic ports, RFID ports tremendously decreased distortion on CT images, with the exception of point D. The V5Gy, V10Gy, V15Gy, V20Gy, V30Gy, and Dmean values of the heart in RFID ports were lower than those in metallic ports. The V5Gy, V15Gy, V20Gy, V30Gy, and Dmean values of the ipsilateral lung in RFID ports were also lower than those in metallic ports. RFID ports showed superior dosimetric results for doses to the heart and lungs as compared to that in metallic ports. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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20 pages, 11165 KiB  
Article
Patient-Specific Surgical Implant Using Cavity-Filled Approach for Precise and Functional Mandible Reconstruction
by Khaja Moiduddin, Syed Hammad Mian, Wadea Ameen, Mohammed Alkindi, Sundar Ramalingam and Osama Alghamdi
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(17), 6030; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10176030 - 31 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2440
Abstract
Mandibular reconstruction is a complicated task because of the complex nature of the regional anatomy. Computer-assisted tools are a promising means of improving the precision and safety of such complex surgeries. The digital techniques utilized in the reconstruction of mandibular defects based on [...] Read more.
Mandibular reconstruction is a complicated task because of the complex nature of the regional anatomy. Computer-assisted tools are a promising means of improving the precision and safety of such complex surgeries. The digital techniques utilized in the reconstruction of mandibular defects based on medical data, computer-aided-design approaches, and three-dimensional (3D) printing are widely used to improve the patient’s aesthetic appearance and function, as well as the accuracy and quality of diagnosis, and surgical outcomes. Nevertheless, to ensure an acceptable aesthetical appearance and functional outcomes, the design must be based on proper anatomical reconstruction, mostly done in a virtual environment by skilled design engineers. Mirroring is one of the widely used techniques in the surgical navigation and reconstruction of mandibular defects. However, there are some discrepancies and mismatches in the mirrored anatomical models. Hence, in order to overcome these limitations in the mirroring technique, a novel approach called the cavity-filled technique was introduced. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of the newly recommended cavity-filled technique with the widely used mirror reconstruction technique in restoring mandibular defects. A prominent 3D comparison technique was employed in this work, where the resected and the reconstructed mandibles were superimposed to quantify the accuracy of the two techniques. From the analysis, it can be inferred that the cavity-filled technique with a root-mean-square value of 1.1019 mm produced better accuracy in contrast to the mirroring approach, which resulted in an error of 1.2683 mm. Consequently, by using the proposed cavity-filled design, the discrepancy between the reconstruction plate and the bone contour was mitigated. This method, owing to its high precision, can decrease the number of adjustments and the time of surgery, as well as ensure a quick recovery time with better implant tissue in-growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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18 pages, 6838 KiB  
Article
Needle Transportable Semi-Automatic Hair Follicle Implanter and Image-Based Hair Density Estimation for Advanced Hair Transplantation Surgery
by Tae Wuk Bae, Yong Chul Jung and Kyu Hyung Kim
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 4046; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10114046 - 11 Jun 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 6118
Abstract
As the number of hair follicles transplanted in a patient is approximately 2000 or more, hair transplantation by a manual implanter requires a considerable amount of time and money and demands a great amount of patience and pain tolerance from both patients and [...] Read more.
As the number of hair follicles transplanted in a patient is approximately 2000 or more, hair transplantation by a manual implanter requires a considerable amount of time and money and demands a great amount of patience and pain tolerance from both patients and surgeons. In addition, many surgeons frequently experience musculoskeletal disorders owing to the numerous simple repetitive motions of the shoulder and wrist during the procedure. Moreover, the results of the surgery may vary depending on the skill of the surgeon. Although the hair follicle extraction technology has advanced in recent years, the hair follicle transplantation technology still uses a simple hand-held implanter owing to the difficulty of transplanting hair follicles and hair. In this study, a needle transportable semi-automatic hair follicle implanter that can continuously transplant hair follicles is introduced to alleviate the inconvenience of the existing manual implanter. In the developed semi-automatic implanter, a plurality of needles, into which the hair follicles are inserted, are sequentially supplied from the needle supply magazine to the implanter body by the guide groove. The hair follicles in the supplied needles are transplanted to the scalp through the forward and backward movement of the needle gripper and driving motors. The developed implanter can transplant several hair follicles without any replacement, which can shorten surgery time and reduce the fatigue experienced by patients and surgeons. The effectiveness of the proposed implanter was verified through the results of animal and clinical experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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12 pages, 1420 KiB  
Article
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Dental Implants Subjected to Different Surface Treatments
by Saturnino Marco Lupi, Pietro Galinetto, Benedetta Albini, Elisa Di Ronza, Silvana Rizzo and Ruggero Rodriguez y Baena
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2417; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072417 - 01 Apr 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2275
Abstract
The aim of the study was to qualitatively investigate the structure of the surface layer of TiO2 on dental implants made of Ti-6Al-4V subjected to different manufacturing treatments. M (machined), B (Al2O3-blasted), E (HNO3\HF-etched), B + [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to qualitatively investigate the structure of the surface layer of TiO2 on dental implants made of Ti-6Al-4V subjected to different manufacturing treatments. M (machined), B (Al2O3-blasted), E (HNO3\HF-etched), B + E and A (B + E + anodized) implants and a further group receiving the same treatments as the first group with the addition of a final decontamination with cold plasma were included in the study. Examination was performed using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The surface treatments evaluated did not achieve the formation of crystalline TiO2. The increase in the complexity of surface treatment produced a proportional increase in the thickness of amorphous TiO2 oxide. In the B + E group, the plasma treatment enhanced the amorphous oxide thickness of TiO2. The other surfaces treated by plasma decontamination did not show a difference to the respective untreated ones. The investigated surface treatments did not change the crystalline cage of TiO2 in Ti-6Al-4V implants but affected the thickness of the oxide layer. The biological response could be influenced by different oxide thicknesses. Additional information on superficial TiO2 structural organization can be obtained by micro-Raman evaluation of dental implants. Dental implants with B + E + plasma and A superficial treatments allowed the maximum formation of the amorphous oxide thickness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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Review

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24 pages, 3650 KiB  
Review
Recent Advancement of Molecular Structure and Biomaterial Function of Chitosan from Marine Organisms for Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Application
by Bailei Li, Jeevithan Elango and Wenhui Wu
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(14), 4719; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10144719 - 08 Jul 2020
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 10351
Abstract
Chitosan is an innate cationic biological polysaccharide polymer, naturally obtained from chitin deacetylation, that possesses broad-spectrum properties such as antibacterial, biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxic, non-immunogenicity, and so on. Chitosan can be easily modified owing to its molecular chain that contains abundant active amino and [...] Read more.
Chitosan is an innate cationic biological polysaccharide polymer, naturally obtained from chitin deacetylation, that possesses broad-spectrum properties such as antibacterial, biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxic, non-immunogenicity, and so on. Chitosan can be easily modified owing to its molecular chain that contains abundant active amino and hydroxyl groups, through various modifications. Not only does it possess excellent properties but it also greatly accelerates its solubility and endows it with additional special properties. It can be developed into bioactive materials with innovative properties, functions, and multiple uses, especially in the biomedical fields. In this paper, the unique properties and the relationship between the molecular structure of chitosan and its derivatives are emphasized, an overview of various excellent biomedical properties of chitosan and its current progress in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical field have prospected, to provide the theoretical basis for better development and utilization of new biomedical materials of chitosan and its derivatives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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14 pages, 609 KiB  
Review
Developments in Antibiotic-Eluting Scaffolds for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis
by Harry Kyriacou, Achi Kamaraj and Wasim S. Khan
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2244; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072244 - 26 Mar 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6329
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by the infection of bone tissue and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is treated with antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement. A high dose of systemic antibiotics is often required due to poor bone penetration [...] Read more.
Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by the infection of bone tissue and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is treated with antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement. A high dose of systemic antibiotics is often required due to poor bone penetration and this is often associated with unacceptable side-effects. To overcome this, local, implantable antibiotic carriers such as polymethyl methacrylate have been developed. However, this is a non-biodegradable material that requires a second surgery to be removed. Attention has therefore shifted to new antibiotic-eluting scaffolds which can be created with a range of unique properties. The purpose of this review is to assess the level of evidence that exists for these novel local treatments. Although this field is still developing, these strategies seem promising and provide hope for the future treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Medical Device)
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